本文介绍了如何使用Java进行Excel文件的读写操作，包括单元格的合并、行高和列宽的设置，以及如何插入图片。同时，文章提供了读取和写入Excel的具体代码示例，包括读取单元格内容、创建新的工作簿和工作表、设置单元格内容和格式等。此外，还展示了如何将数据库中的数据导入到Excel。
二、单元格操作
Excel中很重要的一部分是对单元格的操作，比如行高、列宽、单元格合并等，所幸jExcelAPI提供了这些支持。这些操作相对比较简单，下面只介绍一下相关的API。
1、 合并单元格
WritableSheet.mergeCells(int m,int n,int p,int q);
作用是从(m,n)到(p,q)的单元格全部合并，比如：
WritableSheet sheet=book.createSheet(“第一页”,0);
//合并第一列第一行到第六列第一行的所有单元格
sheet.mergeCells(0,0,5,0);
合并既可以是横向的，也可以是纵向的。合并后的单元格不能再次进行合并，否则会触发异常。
2、 行高和列宽
WritableSheet.setRowView(int i,int height);
作用是指定第i+1行的高度，比如：
//将第一行的高度设为200
sheet.setRowView(0,200);
WritableSheet.setColumnView(int i,int width);
作用是指定第i+1列的宽度，比如：
//将第一列的宽度设为30
sheet.setColumnView(0,30);
五、操作图片
public static void write()throws Exception{
WritableWorkbook wwb=Workbook.createWorkbook(new File("c:/1.xls"));
WritableSheet ws=wwb.createSheet("Test Sheet 1",0);
File file=new File("C:\\jbproject\\PVS\\WebRoot\\weekhit\\1109496996281.png");
WritableImage image=new WritableImage(1, 4, 6, 18,file);
ws.addImage(image);
wwb.write();
wwb.close();
}
很简单和插入单元格的方式一样，不过就是参数多了些，WritableImage这个类继承了Draw，上面只是他构造方法的一种，最后一个参数不用了说了，前面四个参数的类型都是double，依次是 x, y, width, height,注意，这里的宽和高可不是图片的宽和高，而是图片所要占的单位格的个数，因为继承的Draw所以他的类型必须是double，具体里面怎么实现的我还没细看：)因为着急赶活，先完成功能，其他的以后有时间慢慢研究。以后会继续写出在使用中的心得给大家。
读:
读的时候是这样的一个思路,先用一个输入流(InputStream)得到Excel文件,然后用jxl中的Workbook得到工作薄,用Sheet从工作薄中得到工作表,用Cell得到工作表中得某个单元格.
InputStream->Workbook->Sheet->Cell,就得到了excel文件中的单元格
代码:
String path="c:\\excel.xls";//Excel文件URL
InputStream is = new FileInputStream(path);//写入到FileInputStream
jxl.Workbook wb = Workbook.getWorkbook(is); //得到工作薄
jxl.Sheet st = wb.getSheet(0);//得到工作薄中的第一个工作表
Cell cell=st.getCell(0,0);//得到工作表的第一个单元格,即A1
String content=cell.getContents();//getContents()将Cell中的字符转为字符串
wb.close();//关闭工作薄
is.close();//关闭输入流
我们可以通过Sheet的getCell(x,y)方法得到任意一个单元格,x,y和excel中的坐标对应.
例如A1对应(0,0),A2对应(0,1),D3对应(3,2).Excel中坐标从A,1开始,jxl中全部是从0开始.
还可以通过Sheet的getRows(),getColumns()方法得到行数列数,并用于循环控制,输出一个sheet中的所有内容.
写:
往Excel中写入内容主要是用jxl.write包中的类.
思路是这样的:
OutputStream
这里面Label代表的是写入Sheet的Cell位置及内容.
代码:
OutputStream os=new FileOutputStream("c:\\test.xls");//输出的Excel文件URL
WritableWorkbook wwb = Workbook.createWorkbook(os);//创建可写工作薄
WritableSheet ws = wwb.createSheet("sheet1", 0);//创建可写工作表
Label labelCF=new Label(0, 0, "hello");//创建写入位置和内容
ws.addCell(labelCF);//将Label写入sheet中
Label的构造函数Label(int x, int y,String aString)xy意同读的时候的xy,aString是写入的内容.
WritableFont wf = new WritableFont(WritableFont.TIMES, 12, WritableFont.BOLD, false);//设置写入字体
WritableCellFormat wcfF = new WritableCellFormat(wf);//设置CellFormat
Label labelCF=new Label(0, 0, "hello");//创建写入位置,内容和格式
Label的另一构造函数Label(int c, int r, String cont, CellFormat st)可以对写入内容进行格式化,设置字体及其它的属性.
现在可以写了
wwb.write();
写完后关闭
wwb.close();
输出流也关闭吧
os.close;
OK,只要把读和写结合起来,就可以在N个Excel中读取数据写入你希望的Excel新表中,还是比较方便的.
下面是程序一例:
程序代码:sql = "select * from tablename";
rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
//新建Excel文件
String filePath=request.getRealPath("aaa.xls");
File myFilePath=new File(filePath);
if(!myFilePath.exists())
myFilePath.createNewFile();
FileWriter resultFile=new FileWriter(myFilePath);
PrintWriter myFile=new PrintWriter(resultFile);
resultFile.close();
//用JXL向新建的文件中添加内容
OutputStream outf = new FileOutputStream(filePath);
jxl.write.WritableWorkbook wwb = Workbook.createWorkbook(outf);
jxl.write.WritableSheet ws = wwb.createSheet("sheettest", 0);
int i=0;
int j=0;
for (int k = 0; k < rs.getMetaData().getColumnCount(); k++) {
ws.addCell(new Label(k,0,rs.getMetaData().getColumnName(k+1)));
}
while(rs.next()){
out.println(rs.getMetaData().getColumnCount());
for (int k = 0; k < rs.getMetaData().getColumnCount(); k++) {
ws.addCell(new Label(k,j+i+1,rs.getString(k+1)));
}
i++;
}
wwb.write();
wwb.close();
}catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace();}
finally{
rs.close();
conn.close();
}
response.sendRedirect("aaa.xls");
==============================================
1 /**
2 * QuickExcel.java
3 * 作者：杨庆成
4 * Created on 2004年11月22日, 下午4:05
5 * 在实际应用中经常要将数据库中的表导入Excel
6 * 本人在Apache的POI基础上写了一个简单的类
7 * 有不当指出请指正，谢谢！
8 *
9 */
10
11package yqc.poi;
12
13import java.sql.*;
14import java.util.*;
15import java.io.*;
16import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
17import java.io.FileInputStream;
18import java.io.FileOutputStream;
19import java.io.IOException;
20
21import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.*;
22import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem;
23import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.*;
24import org.apache.poi.hssf.model.*;
25import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.*;
26import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.*;import yqc.sql.*;
27
28/**//**
29 *
30 * @author Administrator
31 */
32public class QuickExcel {
33
34 /**//** Creates a new instance of QuickExcel */
35 private QuickExcel(String file){
36 _file=file;
37 }
38
39 private void open()throws IOException{
40 InputStream stream = null;
41 Record[] records = null;
42 POIFSFileSystem fs =
43 new POIFSFileSystem(new FileInputStream(_file));
44 _wb = new HSSFWorkbook(fs);
45 }
46
47 private void create(){
48 _wb=new HSSFWorkbook();
49 }
50
51 public static QuickExcel newInstance (String file){
52 QuickExcel qe=new QuickExcel(file);
53 qe.create();
54 return qe;
55 }
56
57 public static QuickExcel openInstance(String file) throws IOException {
58 QuickExcel qe=new QuickExcel(file);
59 qe.open();
60 return qe;
61 }
62
63 public void close(){
64 try{
65 FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream(_file);
66 _wb.write(fileOut);//把Workbook对象输出到文件workbook.xls中
67 fileOut.close();
68 }
69 catch (Exception ex){
70 System.out.println(ex.getMessage());
71 }
72 }
73
74 private void removeSheet(String sheetName){
75 int i=_wb.getSheetIndex("sheetName");
76 if (i>=0) _wb.removeSheetAt(i);
77 }
78
79 public int fillSheet (ResultSet rs,String sheetName)throws SQLException {
80 HSSFSheet st= _wb.createSheet(sheetName);
81 ResultSetMetaData rsmd= rs.getMetaData();
82 int index=0;
83 int result=0;
84 HSSFRow row=st.createRow(index++);
85 for(int i=1;i<=rsmd.getColumnCount();++i){
86 HSSFCell cell=row.createCell((short)(i-1));
87 cell.setCellValue(rsmd.getColumnName(i));
88 }
89 while(rs.next()) {
90 result++;
91 row=st.createRow(index++);
92 for(int i=1;i<=rsmd.getColumnCount();++i){
93 HSSFCell cell=row.createCell((short)(i-1));
94 cell.setEncoding(cell.ENCODING_UTF_16);
95 cell.setCellValue(rs.getString(i));
96 }
97 }
98 return result;
99}
100
101 public static void main(String[] args){
102 try{
103 QuickConnection qc=new MssqlConnection("jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://192.168.0.100:1433;DatabaseName=ls");
104 QuickExcel qe=QuickExcel.newInstance("a.xls");
105 qc.connect();
106 String sql="select * from ls.dbo.radio1_emcee";
107 ResultSet rs=qc.getStatement().executeQuery(sql);
108 qe.fillSheet(rs,"MT");
109 qe.close();
110 qe=QuickExcel.openInstance("a.xls");
111 qe.fillSheet(rs,"MO");
112 qe.close();
113 qc.close();
114 }
115 catch (SQLException ex){
116 System.out.println(ex.getMessage());
117 }
118 catch (IOException ex){
119 System.out.println(ex.getMessage());
120 }
121 }
122
123 HSSFWorkbook _wb;
124 String _file="new.xls";
125}
===================================
/**导出数据为XLS格式
* @param fos 生成Excel文件Path
* @param bo 要导入的数据
*/
public void writeExcelBo(FileOutputStream fos, java.util.Vector ve)
{
jxl.write.WritableWorkbook wwb;
try
{
wwb= Workbook.createWorkbook(fos);
jxl.write.WritableSheet ws= wwb.createSheet("booksheet", 10);
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(0, 1, "书目ID"));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(1, 1, "ISBN"));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(2, 1, "定价"));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(3, 1, "书名"));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(4, 1, "原书名"));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(5, 1, "副题名"));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(6, 1, "著者"));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(7, 1, "译者"));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(8, 1, "版次"));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(9, 1, "出版地"));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(10, 1, "出版社"));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(11, 1, "出版日期"));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(12, 1, "页数"));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(13, 1, "书高"));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(14, 1, "装帧"));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(15, 1, "丛书名"));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(16, 1, "一般性附注项"));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(17, 1, "简介"));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(18, 1, "主题词"));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(19, 1, "中图法分类"));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(20, 1, "更新日期"));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(21, 1, "本数"));
book=new Book[ve.size()];
for (int i= 0; i < ve.size(); i++)
{
book[i]= (Book)ve.get(i);
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(0, i + 2, "" + book[i].getBookId()));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(1, i + 2, book[i].getIsbn()));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(2, i + 2, "" + book[i].getPrice()));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(3, i + 2, book[i].getBookTitle()));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(4, i + 2, book[i].getOldFilename()));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(5, i + 2, book[i].getSubTitle()));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(6, i + 2, book[i].getWriter()));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(7, i + 2, book[i].getTranscribe()));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(8, i + 2, "" + book[i].getVersion()));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(9, i + 2, book[i].getPublishCity()));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(10, i + 2, book[i].getPublisher()));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(11, i + 2, book[i].getPublishDate().toString()));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(12, i + 2, "" + book[i].getPage()));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(13, i + 2, "" + book[i].getHight()));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(14, i + 2, book[i].getInstall()));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(15, i + 2, book[i].getSeries()));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(16, i + 2, book[i].getNotes()));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(17, i + 2, book[i].getPrecisnotes()));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(18, i + 2, book[i].getSubject()));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(19, i + 2, book[i].getCls().replaceAll("_", "")));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(20, i + 2, book[i].getUpdatedate().toString()));
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(21, i + 2, "0"));
}
jxl.write.WritableFont wfc=
new jxl.write.WritableFont(
WritableFont.ARIAL,
255,
WritableFont.BOLD,
false,
UnderlineStyle.NO_UNDERLINE,
jxl.format.Colour.BLACK);
jxl.write.WritableCellFormat wcfFC= new jxl.write.WritableCellFormat(wfc);
ws.addCell(new jxl.write.Label(0, 0, "为保证您提交定单的稳定和正确，导入定单时候请勿更改此表格式(请勿更改书目ID,订购本数自行添加！)"));
wwb.write();
//关闭Excel工作薄对象
wwb.close();
} catch (IOException e)
{} catch (RowsExceededException e)
{} catch (WriteException e)
{}
}
//导入EXCEL
if (f.getName().indexOf(".xls") > 0)
{
try
{
fis= new FileInputStream(f);
BookBean bob= new BookBean();
UserBean usb= new UserBean();
jxl.Workbook rwb= Workbook.getWorkbook(fis);
jxl.Sheet sh= rwb.getSheet(0);
int rowCount= sh.getRows();
SimpleDateFormat sdf= new SimpleDateFormat("dd/MM/yyyy");
book= new Book[rowCount - 1];
for (int i= 1; i < rowCount; i++)
{
book[i - 1]= new Book();
jxl.Cell[] ce= sh.getRow(i);
book[i - 1].setIsbn(ce[0].getContents().toString());
book[i - 1].setSeries(ce[1].getContents().toString());
book[i - 1].setBookTitle(ce[2].getContents().toString());
book[i - 1].setWriter(ce[3].getContents().toString());
book[i - 1].setTranscribe(ce[4].getContents().toString());
book[i - 1].setPublisher(ce[5].getContents().toString());
book[i - 1].setPublishDate(sdf.parse(ce[6].getContents().toString(), new ParsePosition(0)));
book[i-1].setVersion(Integer.parseInt(ce[7].getContents().toString()));
book[i-1].setPage(Integer.parseInt(ce[8].getContents().toString()));
book[i-1].setCls(ce[9].getContents().toString());
book[i-1].setPrecisnotes(ce[10].getContents().toString());
book[i-1].setInstall(ce[11].getContents().toString());
book[i-1].setPrice(Float.parseFloat(ce[12].getContents().toString()));
book[i-1].setUserid(usb.getUser().getUserid());
getVector().addElement(book[i - 1]);
}
rwb.close();
fis.close();
} catch (FileNotFoundException e)
{} catch (BiffException e)
{} catch (IOException e)
{} catch (NumberFormatException e)
{
ShowMessage("数据导入失败，请按照本软件要求的EXCEL格式导入定单");
}
}
=================================================
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