Django中提示render_to_response未定义的错误

本文提供了两种解决Django模板加载失败的方法:一是避免使用快捷方式,直接通过loader获取模板并渲染;二是设置环境变量PYTHONPATH和DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE,确保Django能够找到项目设置。

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解决办法有两个:

1,不用这个快捷方法,而使用笨办法:

1 t = loader.get_template('polls/index.html')
2 c = Context({
3     'latest_poll_list': latest_poll_list,
4 })
5 return HttpResponse(t.render(c))

2,定义两个环境变量(用户级别的就行了)

PYTHONPATH=E:\python

DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=mysite.settings

其中mysite是Django项目所在的目录,而E:\python则是mysite目录的上级目录

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/ifan/archive/2011/10/16/2213822.html

from wsgiref.simple_server import demo_app from django.contrib.auth import authenticate from django.http import HttpResponse from django.shortcuts import render from rest_framework import status from rest_framework.views import APIView from rest_framework.response import Response from app.scripts.mysql import Mysql from django.contrib.auth.hashers import make_password from rest_framework import serializers # Create your views here. def index(request): import json de = Mysql() sql = "select * from enter" lit = de.select(sql) print(lit) return HttpResponse(json.dumps(lit)) class LoginSerializer(serializers.Serializer): username = serializers.CharField() password = serializers.CharField(write_only=True) class UserProfileSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): class Meta: model = demo_app() fields = ['username', 'password', 'bj', 'ss'] read_only_fields = ['username'] class LoginView(APIView): def post(self, request, RefreshToken=None): serializer = LoginSerializer(data=request.data) if not serializer.is_valid(): return Response({ 'code': 400, 'message': '参数错误', 'errors': serializer.errors }, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST) user = authenticate( username=serializer.validated_data['username'], password=serializer.validated_data['password'] ) if not user: return Response({ 'code': 401, 'message': '用户名或密码错误' }, status=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED) refresh = RefreshToken.for_user(user) return Response({ 'code': 200, 'message': '登录成功', 'data': { 'user': UserProfileSerializer(user).data, 'access': str(refresh.access_token), 'refresh': str(refresh) } })
03-21
C:\Users\ASUS\myproject\myapp\.venv\Scripts\python.exe K:\专业\py\PycharmProjects\mysite\manage.py runserver 8000 Performing system checks... Watching for file changes with StatReloader System check identified some issues: WARNINGS: ?: (staticfiles.W004) The directory 'K:\专业\py\PycharmProjects\mysite\static' in the STATICFILES_DIRS setting does not exist. System check identified 1 issue (0 silenced). May 24, 2025 - 17:08:15 Django version 5.2.1, using settings 'mysite.settings' Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/ Quit the server with CTRL-BREAK. WARNING: This is a development server. Do not use it in a production setting. Use a production WSGI or ASGI server instead. For more information on production servers see: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.2/howto/deployment/ Not Found: / [24/May/2025 17:08:18] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 404 2306 Not Found: /img/new_ico.0750a9ab.png Not Found: /img/ico.png [24/May/2025 17:08:18] "GET /img/new_ico.0750a9ab.png HTTP/1.1" 404 2396 [24/May/2025 17:08:18] "GET /img/ico.png HTTP/1.1" 404 2357 [24/May/2025 17:09:18] "GET /polls/1/vote HTTP/1.1" 301 0 Internal Server Error: /polls/1/vote/ Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Users\ASUS\myproject\myapp\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\utils\datastructures.py", line 84, in __getitem__ list_ = super().__getitem__(key) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ KeyError: 'choice' During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: Traceback (most recent call last): File "K:\专业\py\PycharmProjects\mysite\polls\views.py", line 41, in vote selected_choice = question.choice_set.get(pk=request.POST['choice']) ~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^ File "C:\Users\ASUS\myproject\myapp\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\utils\datastructures.py", line 86, in __getitem__ raise MultiValueDictKeyError(key) django.utils.datastructures.MultiValueDictKeyError: 'choice' During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Users\ASUS\myproject\myapp\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\exception.py", line 55, in inner response = get_response(request) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "C:\Users\ASUS\myproject\myapp\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py", line 197, in _get_response response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "K:\专业\py\PycharmProjects\mysite\polls\views.py", line 44, in vote return render(request, "polls / detail.html", { ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "C:\Users\ASUS\myproject\myapp\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\shortcuts.py", line 25, in render content = loader.render_to_string(template_name, context, request, using=using) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "C:\Users\ASUS\myproject\myapp\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\template\loader.py", line 61, in render_to_string template = get_template(template_name, using=using) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "C:\Users\ASUS\myproject\myapp\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\template\loader.py", line 19, in get_template raise TemplateDoesNotExist(template_name, chain=chain) django.template.exceptions.TemplateDoesNotExist: polls / detail.html [24/May/2025 17:09:18] "GET /polls/1/vote/ HTTP/1.1" 500 99573 Not Found: /img/new_ico.0750a9ab.png [24/May/2025 17:09:18] "GET /img/new_ico.0750a9ab.png HTTP/1.1" 404 2396 Not Found: /polls/1/vote/img/ico.png [24/May/2025 17:09:18] "GET /polls/1/vote/img/ico.png HTTP/1.1" 404 3328
最新发布
05-26
### 将 `render_to_response` 替换为 `render` 在较新的 Django 版本中,推荐使用 `render()` 函数来代替已经过时的 `render_to_response()`。这不仅是因为官方文档建议这样做,还因为 `render()` 提供了更简洁和一致的方式处理模板渲染。 当使用 `render()` 时,可以自动推断并传递请求对象给模板上下文处理器,而无需显式指定字典参数中的 `context_instance=RequestContext(request)`[^2]。 #### 使用 `render()` 的示例 假设有一个视图函数如下: ```python from django.shortcuts import render_to_response from django.template import RequestContext def old_view(request): context = {'info': '这是通过 render_to_response 渲染的信息'} return render_to_response('template.html', context, context_instance=RequestContext(request)) ``` 为了将其转换成现代风格,应该修改为: ```python from django.shortcuts import render def new_view(request): context = {'info': '这是通过 render 渲染的信息'} return render(request, 'template.html', context) ``` 这里的变化在于直接调用了 `render()` 方法,并将请求对象作为第一个参数传入,简化了代码结构的同时也提高了可读性和维护性[^4]。 #### HTML 模板文件 (`template.html`) 对于上述例子所使用的HTML模板文件内容可能像这样定义: ```html <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <div>接收变量<br>{{ info }}</div> </body> </html> ``` 这种做法使得前端展示更加直观易懂,同时也遵循了前后端分离的良好实践原则。
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