https://www.luogu.org/problemnew/show/2617
整体二分比树套树高级多了
#include<cstdio>
#include<algorithm>
#define FOR(i,s,t) for(register int i=s;i<=t;++i)
const int N=1000011;
struct question{
int t,p,x,y,k,cnt,cur;
}q[N],s[N];
int ans[N];
int tr[N],a[N],tmp[N];
int n,m,tot,cnt,x,y,inf;
char c;
inline int max(int a,int b){return a>b?a:b;}
inline void add(int p,int v){for(;p<=n;p+=p&-p)tr[p]+=v;}
inline int query(int p){int ret=0;for(;p;p-=p&-p)ret+=tr[p];return ret;}
inline void solve(int h,int t,int l,int r){
if(h>t)return;
if(l==r){
FOR(i,h,t)ans[q[i].cnt]=l;
return;
}
int mid=(l+r)>>1;
FOR(i,h,t){
if(q[i].t!=3&&q[i].x<=mid)q[i].t==1?add(q[i].p,1):add(q[i].p,-1);
if(q[i].t==3)tmp[i]=query(q[i].y)-query(q[i].x-1);
}
FOR(i,h,t)if(q[i].t!=3&&q[i].x<=mid)q[i].t==1?add(q[i].p,-1):add(q[i].p,1);
int tail=h,d;
FOR(i,h,t){
if(q[i].t==3&&q[i].cur+tmp[i]>=q[i].k)s[tail++]=q[i];
if(q[i].t!=3&&q[i].x<=mid)s[tail++]=q[i];
}
d=tail-1;
FOR(i,h,t){
if(q[i].t==3&&q[i].cur+tmp[i]<q[i].k)q[i].cur+=tmp[i],s[tail++]=q[i];
if(q[i].t!=3&&q[i].x>mid)s[tail++]=q[i];
}
FOR(i,h,t)q[i]=s[i];
solve(h,d,l,mid);
solve(d+1,t,mid+1,r);
}
int main(){
scanf("%d%d",&n,&m);
FOR(i,1,n){
scanf("%d",a+i);
inf=max(inf,a[i]);
q[++tot].t=1;q[tot].p=i;q[tot].x=a[i];q[tot].cnt=0;
}
FOR(i,1,m){
scanf("\n%c",&c);
if(c=='Q'){
q[++tot].t=3;
scanf("%d%d%d",&q[tot].x,&q[tot].y,&q[tot].k);
q[tot].cnt=++cnt;
}
else{
scanf("%d%d",&x,&y);
q[++tot].t=2;q[tot].p=x;q[tot].x=a[x];q[tot].cnt=0;
a[x]=y;inf=max(inf,y);
q[++tot].t=1;q[tot].p=x;q[tot].x=a[x];q[tot].cnt=0;
}
}
solve(1,tot,0,inf);
FOR(i,1,cnt)printf("%d\n",ans[i]);
return 0;
}