Centos MySQL 5.7安装、升级教程

MySQL 5.7安装、升级笔记分享：

卸载当前的 MySQL

查看当前 MySQL 版本：

?

1 2	[root@coderknock ~]# mysql -V mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.1.73, for redhat-linux-gnu (i386) using readline 5.1

停止 MySQL 服务

?

1 2	[root@coderknock ~]# service mysqld stop Stopping mysqld:      [ OK ]

备份数据【数据不重要可以忽略】

备份数据库，升级MySQL通常不会丢失数据，但保险起见，我们需要做这一步。输入命令：

[root@coderknock ~]# mysqldump -u xxx -h xxx -P 3306 -p --all-databases > databases.sql

卸载旧版本 MySQL

?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92

[root@coderknock ~]# yum remove mysql mysql-* Loaded plugins: security Setting up Remove Process Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql.i686 0:5.1.73-7.el6 will be erased ---> Package mysql-libs.i686 0:5.1.73-7.el6 will be erased --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16 for package: 2:postfix-2.6.6-6.el6_7.1.i686 --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16 for package: perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.i686 --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16(libmysqlclient_16) for package: 2:postfix-2.6.6-6.el6_7.1.i686 --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16(libmysqlclient_16) for package: perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.i686 --> Processing Dependency: mysql-libs for package: 2:postfix-2.6.6-6.el6_7.1.i686 ---> Package mysql-server.i686 0:5.1.73-7.el6 will be erased --> Running transaction check ---> Package perl-DBD-MySQL.i686 0:4.013-3.el6 will be erased ---> Package postfix.i686 2:2.6.6-6.el6_7.1 will be erased --> Processing Dependency: /usr/sbin/sendmail for package: cronie-1.4.4-16.el6_8.2.i686 --> Processing Dependency: /usr/sbin/sendmail for package: redhat-lsb-core-4.0-7.el6.centos.i686 --> Running transaction check ---> Package cronie.i686 0:1.4.4-16.el6_8.2 will be erased --> Processing Dependency: cronie = 1.4.4-16.el6_8.2 for package: cronie-anacron-1.4.4-16.el6_8.2.i686 ---> Package redhat-lsb-core.i686 0:4.0-7.el6.centos will be erased --> Running transaction check ---> Package cronie-anacron.i686 0:1.4.4-16.el6_8.2 will be erased --> Processing Dependency: /etc/cron.d for package: crontabs-1.10-33.el6.noarch --> Processing Dependency: /etc/cron.d for package: sysstat-9.0.4-31.el6.i686 --> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes. --> Running transaction check ---> Package crontabs.noarch 0:1.10-33.el6 will be erased ---> Package sysstat.i686 0:9.0.4-31.el6 will be erased --> Finished Dependency Resolution   Dependencies Resolved   =======================================================================================================================================================================================================   Package     Arch    Version     Repository        Size ======================================================================================================================================================================================================= Removing:   mysql     i686    5.1.73-7.el6     @base        2.3 M   mysql-libs     i686    5.1.73-7.el6     @base        3.9 M   mysql-server    i686    5.1.73-7.el6     @base        24 M Removing for dependencies:   cronie     i686    1.4.4-16.el6_8.2    @updates        169 k   cronie-anacron    i686    1.4.4-16.el6_8.2    @updates        38 k   crontabs     noarch    1.10-33.el6     @anaconda-CentOS-201311291201.i386/6.5    2.4 k   perl-DBD-MySQL    i686    4.013-3.el6     @base        341 k   postfix     i686    2:2.6.6-6.el6_7.1    @base        9.3 M   redhat-lsb-core    i686    4.0-7.el6.centos    @anaconda-CentOS-201311291201.i386/6.5    22 k   sysstat     i686    9.0.4-31.el6     @base        804 k   Transaction Summary ======================================================================================================================================================================================================= Remove 10 Package(s)   Installed size : 41 M Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction   Erasing : mysql-server-5.1.73-7.el6.i686                   1/10 warning: /var/log/mysqld.log saved as /var/log/mysqld.log.rpmsave   Erasing : redhat-lsb-core-4.0-7.el6.centos.i686                  2/10 /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.Y5QGjy: line 1: lsb_release: command not found   Erasing : mysql-5.1.73-7.el6.i686                    3/10   Erasing : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.i686                   4/10   Erasing : sysstat-9.0.4-31.el6.i686                    5/10   Erasing : crontabs-1.10-33.el6.noarch                   6/10   Erasing : cronie-anacron-1.4.4-16.el6_8.2.i686                  7/10   Erasing : cronie-1.4.4-16.el6_8.2.i686                   8/10   Erasing : 2:postfix-2.6.6-6.el6_7.1.i686                   9/10   Erasing : mysql-libs-5.1.73-7.el6.i686                   10/10   Verifying : redhat-lsb-core-4.0-7.el6.centos.i686                  1/10   Verifying : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.i686                   2/10   Verifying : mysql-server-5.1.73-7.el6.i686                   3/10   Verifying : crontabs-1.10-33.el6.noarch                   4/10   Verifying : sysstat-9.0.4-31.el6.i686                    5/10   Verifying : cronie-anacron-1.4.4-16.el6_8.2.i686                  6/10   Verifying : cronie-1.4.4-16.el6_8.2.i686                   7/10   Verifying : mysql-libs-5.1.73-7.el6.i686                   8/10   Verifying : mysql-5.1.73-7.el6.i686                    9/10   Verifying : 2:postfix-2.6.6-6.el6_7.1.i686                   10/10   Removed:   mysql.i686 0:5.1.73-7.el6     mysql-libs.i686 0:5.1.73-7.el6     mysql-server.i686 0:5.1.73-7.el6       Dependency Removed:   cronie.i686 0:1.4.4-16.el6_8.2  cronie-anacron.i686 0:1.4.4-16.el6_8.2 crontabs.noarch 0:1.10-33.el6 perl-DBD-MySQL.i686 0:4.013-3.el6 postfix.i686 2:2.6.6-6.el6_7.1   redhat-lsb-core.i686 0:4.0-7.el6.centos sysstat.i686 0:9.0.4-31.el6    Complete!

这样就卸载完成了，为了保险起见我们检查一下系统中是否还有 MySQL 相关内容没有删除干净

?

1 2	[root@coderknock ~]# yum list installed | grep mysql [root@coderknock ~]#

上面的情况是没有未删除部分，如果有的话可通过下面的命令删除：

[root@coderknock ~]# yum remove mysql－libs

下载最新版本的 MySQL

查看系统配置信息选择对应 MySQL 包

?

1 2	[root@coderknock ~]# uname -r 3.10.104-1.el6.elrepo.i686

在浏览器打开 sohu提供的MySQL 镜像（官网速度太慢）

然后根据自己系统配置选择对应的 rpm 包，右键复制文件链接，我的选择如下：

下载并解压

?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

[root@coderknock ~]# wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm-bundle.tar --2017-01-06 22:46:15-- http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm-bundle.tar Resolving mirrors.sohu.com... 119.188.36.70 Connecting to mirrors.sohu.com|119.188.36.70|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 448163840 (427M) [application/octet-stream] Saving to : “mysql-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm-bundle.tar”   100%[=============================================================================================================================================================>] 448,163,840 9.98M/s in 45s   2017-01-06 22:47:00 (9.54 MB/s) - “mysql-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm-bundle.tar” saved [448163840/448163840] [root@coderknock ~]# tar xvf mysql-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm-bundle.tar mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm mysql-community-devel-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm mysql-community-test-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm mysql-community-embedded-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm

安装及配置

安装 rpm 【有依赖关系，请按下面的步骤安装，搜索 [root@coderknock ~]# 可跳过安装日志直接查看相关命令】

 

?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149

[root@coderknock ~]# yum localinstall mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm Loaded plugins: security Setting up Local Package Process Examining mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm: mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el6.i686 Marking mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm to be installed Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-community-common.i686 0:5.7.17-1.el6 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution   Dependencies Resolved   =======================================================================================================================================================================================================   Package      Arch    Version     Repository        Size ======================================================================================================================================================================================================= Installing:   mysql-community-common    i686    5.7.17-1.el6    /mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el6.i686    2.5 M   Transaction Summary ======================================================================================================================================================================================================= Install 1 Package(s)   Total size : 2.5 M Installed size : 2.5 M Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction   Installing : mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el6.i686                  1/1   Verifying : mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el6.i686                  1/1   Installed:   mysql-community-common.i686 0:5.7.17-1.el6                      Complete! [root@coderknock ~]# yum localinstall mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm Loaded plugins: security Setting up Local Package Process Examining mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm: mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el6.i686 Marking mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm to be installed Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-community-libs.i686 0:5.7.17-1.el6 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution   Dependencies Resolved   =======================================================================================================================================================================================================   Package      Arch    Version     Repository        Size ======================================================================================================================================================================================================= Installing:   mysql-community-libs    i686    5.7.17-1.el6    /mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el6.i686    7.8 M   Transaction Summary ======================================================================================================================================================================================================= Install 1 Package(s)   Total size : 7.8 M Installed size : 7.8 M Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction   Installing : mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el6.i686                  1/1   Verifying : mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el6.i686                  1/1   Installed:   mysql-community-libs.i686 0:5.7.17-1.el6                      Complete! [root@coderknock ~]# yum localinstall mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm Loaded plugins: security Setting up Local Package Process Examining mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm: mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el6.i686 Marking mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm to be installed Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-community-client.i686 0:5.7.17-1.el6 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution   Dependencies Resolved   =======================================================================================================================================================================================================   Package      Arch    Version     Repository        Size ======================================================================================================================================================================================================= Installing:   mysql-community-client    i686    5.7.17-1.el6    /mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el6.i686    87 M   Transaction Summary ======================================================================================================================================================================================================= Install 1 Package(s)   Total size : 87 M Installed size : 87 M Is this ok [y/N]: ^[[A^Hy Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction   Installing : mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el6.i686                  1/1   Verifying : mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el6.i686                  1/1   Installed:   mysql-community-client.i686 0:5.7.17-1.el6                      Complete! [root@coderknock ~]# yum localinstall mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm Loaded plugins: security Setting up Local Package Process Examining mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm: mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el6.i686 Marking mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm to be installed Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-community-server.i686 0:5.7.17-1.el6 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution   Dependencies Resolved   =======================================================================================================================================================================================================   Package      Arch    Version     Repository        Size ======================================================================================================================================================================================================= Installing:   mysql-community-server    i686    5.7.17-1.el6    /mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el6.i686    695 M   Transaction Summary ======================================================================================================================================================================================================= Install 1 Package(s)   Total size : 695 M Installed size : 695 M Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction   Installing : mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el6.i686                  1/1   Verifying : mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el6.i686                  1/1   Installed:   mysql-community-server.i686 0:5.7.17-1.el6                      Complete!

配置

查看版本

?

1 2	[root@coderknock ~]# mysql -V mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.17, for Linux (i686) using EditLine wrapper

启动 MySQL

?

1 2 3

[root@coderknock ~]# service mysqld start MySQL Daemon failed to start. Starting mysqld:   [FAILED]

上面的情况说明启动失败，这是因为经过上面的步骤，MySQL 最新版已经安装到我们的系统了，但这是还没有初始化数据，所以导致无法启动。

初始化数据库

[root@coderknock ~]# mysqld --initialize

如果遇到错误如下：

2017-01-06T14:53:08.889803Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2017-01-06T14:53:08.892190Z 0 [ERROR] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.
2017-01-06T14:53:08.892475Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting

可以运行以下命令【无需再执行 mysqld --initialize】：

?

1 2 3 4 5

[root@coderknock ~]# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql [root@coderknock ~]# service mysqld start Initializing MySQL database :  [ OK ] Installing validate password plugin: [ OK ] Starting mysqld:   [ OK ]

这样我们就启动了 MySQL 服务

MySQL 无法登陆的解决办法

登录时我遇到了一些问题：

?

1 2 3

[root@coderknock ~]# mysql -u root -p Enter password : ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root' @ 'localhost' (using password : YES)

这是因较新版本的 MySQL 因为安全的考虑，会设置默认密码

?

1 2	[root@coderknock ~]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log 2017-01-06T14:53:33.490540Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Ei(GLix_p6/1

这样就找到了密码，如果上面方法不可行可以看看是否有 /root/.mysql_secret 文件

或者通过以下方法直接修改密码：

 

?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

[root@coderknock ~]# service mysqld stop Stopping mysqld:      [ OK ] [root@coderknock ~]# mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking & [1] 14208 [root@coderknock ~]# 2017-01-06T15:02:18.663496Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysqld.log' . 2017-01-06T15:02:18.666764Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysqld.log' . 2017-01-06T15:02:18.693025Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql ^C [root@coderknock ~]# mysql -u root mysql Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A   Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 3 Server version: 5.7.17 MySQL Community Server (GPL)   Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and / or its affiliates. All rights reserved.   Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and / or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.   Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.   mysql> update mysql. user set authentication_string= password ( '你的密码.' ) where User = 'root' ; Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 1 mysql> flush privileges ; mysql> update mysql. user set Host= '%' where User = 'root' Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 1 mysql> flush privileges ;

注意SQL在Linux下要注意大小写，执行之后Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)，row 之前是1才代表执行成功了。update mysql.user set Host='%' where User='root' 这句是为了别的 IP 的机器也可以登录我们的MySQL，可以按需执行

重置密码

无论是获取到了默认密码还是强行修改了密码。新版 MySQL 在第一次通过密码登录后会无法执行SQL：

?

1 2	mysql> select host from mysql. user where User = 'root' ; ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

这是因为 MySQL 为了安全会要求修改初始密码。

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '你的密码';

如果遇到ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements说明你的密码太简单，需要设置复杂点的密码，有大小写字母、有数字、有标点基本上就可以通过。 
注意，如果你没有修改过 root 用户的Host或者修改为非 % 的字符，需要对上面的语句进行对应的修改，例如： ALTER USER ‘root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY ‘你的密码'

如果遇到ERROR 1290 (HY000): The MySQL server is running with the --skip-grant-tables option so it cannot execute this statement 则需要退出安全模式，正常启动MySQL后登陆再进行以上操作：

?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

mysql> quit [root@coderknock ~]# ps -ef|grep mysql root 14208 12686 0 23:02 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking mysql 14381 14208 0 23:02 pts/0 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib/mysql/plugin --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking --log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock root 15148 12686 0 23:23 pts/0 00:00:00 grep mysql [root@coderknock ~]# kill -9 114208 -bash: kill: (114208) - No such process [root@coderknock ~]# kill -9 14208 [1]+ Killed   mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking [root@coderknock ~]# kill -9 1438 [root@coderknock ~]# service mysqld start [root@coderknock ~]# mysql -u root mysql

精彩专题分享：mysql不同版本安装教程 mysql5.7各版本安装教程

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/duanqiao123/p/8609891.html