mongoDB-3.x安装配置(单机版)

最新推荐文章于 2022-10-12 15:41:48 发布

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原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/lixuebin/p/10814273.html

文章标签：

#数据库 #运维 #json

本文详细介绍了如何在 CentOS 6.5 环境下通过 yum 和二进制包两种方式安装配置 MongoDB 3.2.0 单机版，包括安装步骤、启动关闭方法、指定配置文件、内核参数优化、系统资源限制调整等关键操作。

mongoDB-3.x 安装配置(单机版)

官方文档:

https://www.mongodb.org/downloads#production

https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/method/js-user-management/

https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/configuration-options/

https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/ulimit/

环境:

CentOS6.5 x64

mongoDB-3.2.0

方式一 : yum安装

请参看 yum安装mongoDB

方式二 : 二进制包

1.安装

wget https://fastdl.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.2.0.tgz --no-check-certificate

tar -xvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.2.0.tgz -C /opt/

ln -s /opt/mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.2.0/ /opt/mongodb

cat >>/etc/profile <<HERE

PATH=$PATH:/opt/mongodb/bin

HERE

source /etc/profile

mkdir -p /opt/mongodb/{log,db,conf}

2.启动

mongod --fork --httpinterface --rest --jsonp --setParameter enableLocalhostAuthBypass=0 --pidfilepath /opt/mongodb/mongod.pid --dbpath /opt/mongodb/db --logpath /opt/mongodb/log/mongod.log --logappend --logRotate rename --timeStampFormat ctime

可以加入 /etc/rc.d/rc.local ，以随操作系统重启时自启动

部分参数解释

--fork #后台daemon运行

--bind_ip #监听IP地址列表,以逗号分隔

--port #监听端口,默认27017

--setParameter enableLocalhostAuthBypass=0 #所有接口都需要认证

--pidfilepath #pid文件

--dbpath #db存放路径

--logpath #日志文件

--config #配置文件

--auth #启用认证

--httpinterface #启用web接口

--rest #rest api

--jsonp #json api

如果闲命令参数太多，可以指定配置文件

WARNING

Ensure that the HTTP status interface, the REST API, and the JSON API are all disabled in production environments to prevent potential data exposure and vulnerability to attackers

root@master:~#netstat -tunlp|grep mongod

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0: 28017 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 11896/mongod

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0: 27017 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 11896/mongod

默认监听端口，db端口为27017, web端口为28017

3.关闭

mongod --shutdown --dbpath /opt/mongodb/db

还可以

命令行模式执行shutdown

use admin

db.shutdownServer()

或

mongo admin --port 27017 --eval "db.shutdownServer()"

4.指定配置文件

Changed in version 2.6: MongoDB 2.6 introduces a YAML-based configuration file format. The 2.4 configuration file format remains for backward compatibility.

默认的二进制包没有配置文件模板，可以从源码包内提取

cp /usr/local/src/mongodb-src-r3.2.0/rpm/mongod.conf /opt/mongodb/conf

以下是一个简单的对应以上命令行参数的配置文件

# mongod.conf

# for documentation of all options, see:

# http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/configuration-options/

# where to write logging data.

systemLog:

destination: file

logAppend: true

logRotate: rename

timeStampFormat: ctime

path: /opt/mongodb/log/mongod.log

# Where and how to store data.

storage:

dbPath: /opt/mongodb/db

journal:

enabled: true

# engine:

# mmapv1:

# wiredTiger:

# how the process runs

processManagement:

fork: true # fork and run in background

pidFilePath: /opt/mongodb/mongod.pid # location of pidfile

# network interfaces

net:

port: 27017

#bindIp: 127.0.0.1 # Listen to local interface only, comment to listen on all interfaces.

http:

enabled: true

JSONPEnabled: true

RESTInterfaceEnabled: true

setParameter:

enableLocalhostAuthBypass: false

#security:

#operationProfiling:

#replication:

#sharding:

## Enterprise-Only Options

#auditLog:

#snmp:

更多参数和解释请参看官方文档

5.init管控脚本

useradd -s /sbin/nologin -r mongod

chown -R mongod: /opt/mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.2.0

cp /usr/local/src/mongodb-src-r3.2.0/rpm/init.d-mongod /etc/init.d/mongod

chmod +x /etc/init.d/mongod

sed -i '/CONFIGFILE=/i MONGOD="/opt/mongodb/bin/mongod"' /etc/init.d/mongod

sed -i '/CONFIGFILE=/s:/etc/mongod.conf:/opt/mongodb/conf/mongod.conf:g' /etc/init.d/mongod

或systemd
cat >/lib/system/systemd/mongod.service <<HERE
[Unit]
Description=mongoDB
After=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=forking
User=mongod
Group=mongod
LimitNOFILE=65536
ExecStart=/opt/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /opt/mongodb/conf/mongod.conf

KillMode=control-group
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
HERE
systemctl daemon-reload

6.修改内核参数

cat >>/etc/rc.d/rc.local <<HERE

echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled

echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag

HERE

或者加入 /etc/rc.sysinit末尾

7.优化系统资源限制

https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/ulimit/

Recommended `ulimit` Settings¶

Every deployment may have unique requirements and settings; however, the following thresholds and settings are particularly important for mongod and mongos deployments:

-f (file size): unlimited
-t (cpu time): unlimited
-v (virtual memory): unlimited [1]
-n (open files): 64000
-m (memory size): unlimited [1] [2]
-u (processes/threads): 64000