本文详细介绍了基于XML和注解的Spring整合方式，包括如何设置set与get方法，以及如何在bean.xml文件中进行配置。同时，文章深入探讨了HibernateTemplate的设计模式，以及其在数据库操作中的应用。此外，文章还分析了常见的错误及其解决方案，如加载JDBC驱动失败、无法打开数据库连接、Hibernate序列问题等。
如果是基于xml的形式使用Spring整合，那么要在相应的类或者方法或者属性中设置set与get方法，此时在bean.xml文件中文件头的内容如下：
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd" >
如果是基于注解的Spring整合的话，那么可以把相应的set与get方法去掉，同时在属性定义的上面加上@autowire（默认按类型装配）或者@resource（默认按名称装配），同时beam.xml的文件头是这样的：
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd"> <context:annotation-config />
此时注意必须加入<context:annotation-config/>表示使用注解，缺少这个会报空指针异常！！！
这样，当 Spring 容器启动时，AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor 将扫描 Spring 容器中所有 Bean，当发现 Bean 中拥有 @Autowired 注释时就找到和其匹配（默认按类型匹配）的 Bean，并注入到对应的地方中去。
如果是@component注解的话，它是注释在类上面的，注释的类上面加上要注入的名字即component（name="userService"），被注释的类会被注入，然后在bean.xml中只需要配置如下图，其中base_package是指要扫描的区域。
<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.bjsxt"/>
HibernateTemplate是一种设计模式，模板模式。它把数据库的一些session的一些操作进行了一些封装。原理是把sessionFactory创建session的过程封装进了hibernatetemplate里面，让他去管理。
常见错误分析：
1.
org.springframework.jdbc.UncategorizedSQLException: Hibernate operation: Can not load jdbs driver
这种错误产生的原因是因为没有加具体驱动的Jar包，加入即可。
2.can not open connection ,hibernate SQLException
问题的原因是数据库的连接有问题，解决办法是更换数据库服务器，比如是oracle的就换为MySQL，还有一种原因是因为读取的properties配置文件的时候没读取到
3.
org.springframework.dao.InvalidDataAccessResourceUsageException: could not g，[select hibernate_sequence.natival from dual]
问题的原因是当时没把dialect改为MySQL的，改回来就可以。
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">
org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
</prop>
4.org.springframework.dao.InvalidDataAccessResourceUsageException: could not insert: [com.bjsxt.model.User]; SQL [insert into User (name) values (?)]; nested exception is org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: could not insert: [com.bjsxt.model.User]
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.SessionFactoryUtils.convertHibernateAccessException(SessionFactoryUtils.java:629)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateAccessor.convertHibernateAccessException(HibernateAccessor.java:412)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.doExecute(HibernateTemplate.java:411)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.executeWithNativeSession(HibernateTemplate.java:374)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.save(HibernateTemplate.java:683)
at com.bjsxt.dao.impl.UserDAOImpl.save(UserDAOImpl.java:33)
at com.bjsxt.service.UserService.add(UserService.java:31)
at com.bjsxt.service.UserServiceTest.testAdd(UserServiceTest.java:28)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:45)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:42)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:20)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:263)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:68)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:47)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:231)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:60)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:229)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:50)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:222)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:300)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
Caused by: org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: could not insert: [com.bjsxt.model.User]
at org.hibernate.exception.SQLStateConverter.convert(SQLStateConverter.java:92)
at org.hibernate.exception.JDBCExceptionHelper.convert(JDBCExceptionHelper.java:66)
at org.hibernate.id.insert.AbstractReturningDelegate.performInsert(AbstractReturningDelegate.java:63)
at org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.insert(AbstractEntityPersister.java:2346)
at org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.insert(AbstractEntityPersister.java:2853)
at org.hibernate.action.EntityIdentityInsertAction.execute(EntityIdentityInsertAction.java:71)
at org.hibernate.engine.ActionQueue.execute(ActionQueue.java:273)
at org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractSaveEventListener.performSaveOrReplicate(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:320)
at org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractSaveEventListener.performSave(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:203)
at org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractSaveEventListener.saveWithGeneratedId(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:129)
at org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultSaveOrUpdateEventListener.saveWithGeneratedOrRequestedId(DefaultSaveOrUpdateEventListener.java:210)
at org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultSaveEventListener.saveWithGeneratedOrRequestedId(DefaultSaveEventListener.java:56)
at org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultSaveOrUpdateEventListener.entityIsTransient(DefaultSaveOrUpdateEventListener.java:195)
at org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultSaveEventListener.performSaveOrUpdate(DefaultSaveEventListener.java:50)
at org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultSaveOrUpdateEventListener.onSaveOrUpdate(DefaultSaveOrUpdateEventListener.java:93)
at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.fireSave(SessionImpl.java:713)
at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.save(SessionImpl.java:701)
at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.save(SessionImpl.java:697)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate$12.doInHibernate(HibernateTemplate.java:686)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate$12.doInHibernate(HibernateTemplate.java:1)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.doExecute(HibernateTemplate.java:406)
... 28 more
Caused by: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: Table 'test.user' doesn't exist
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)
at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:406)
at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.getInstance(Util.java:381)
at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:1030)
at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:956)
at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3491)
at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3423)
at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sendCommand(MysqlIO.java:1936)
at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sqlQueryDirect(MysqlIO.java:2060)
at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.execSQL(ConnectionImpl.java:2542)
at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeInternal(PreparedStatement.java:1734)
at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeUpdate(PreparedStatement.java:2019)
at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeUpdate(PreparedStatement.java:1937)
at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeUpdate(PreparedStatement.java:1922)
at org.apache.commons.dbcp.DelegatingPreparedStatement.executeUpdate(DelegatingPreparedStatement.java:102)
at org.hibernate.id.IdentityGenerator$GetGeneratedKeysDelegate.executeAndExtract(IdentityGenerator.java:93)
at org.hibernate.id.insert.AbstractReturningDelegate.performInsert(AbstractReturningDelegate.java:56)
... 46 more
解决办法：是因为我们数据库表应该是user，而我在mysql里面创建的确实user1，所以把user1改成user即可。
5.
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userAction': Injection of resource dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [com.bjsxt.model.User] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {} at oorg.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197) Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [com.bjsxt.model.User] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {} at
出现这个错误的原因是：注入了不该依赖的元素，比如在action中注入model，把某些注解去掉
6.在做测试的时候有时候会报nullpointerException或者attemp to saveOrupdate null entity
解决办法：原因在于你的测试类中是调用的方法必须把所需要的参数赋进去。如下，如果excute中没有把User传进去的话会报nullpointerException
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ctx=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml"); UserAction action=(UserAction) ctx.getBean("userAction"); System.out.println(action); User user=new User(); user.setId(8); user.setName("小马"); action.excute(user);
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