#####################################################
grub(grub-0.9x)
#####################################################
/boot/grub/grub.conf
default 0
#从上往下第1个title,1则是第2个
timeout 5
#倒计时5秒后载入操作系统
hiddenmenu
#timeout前不对grub干预将隐藏菜单直到按下ESC才出现菜单
password=123456
#简单的grub密码
color cyan/blue white/blue
#grub菜单的前景色及选中后的高亮色
title "Ubuntu12.04 LTS"
lock
#在title下锁住单一title,
root (hd0,0)
#指定内核所在分区通常是/boot分区
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-23-generic ro root=/dev/hda1 text
#root=后面接/分区
initrd
/boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-23-generic
#指定"虚拟根"
MD5加密
grub-md5-crypt
#回车后输入想设定的密码
password:
Retype password:
$!x2klaflasjdfljaakldjfde8*
将password=123456替换为
password --md5 $!x2klaflasjdfljaakldjfde8*
阻止用户更改grub
...
timeout 5
password --md5
$!x2klaflasjdfljaakldjfde8*
#阻止用户进入grub交互模式，即按‘p’时要求输入密码
title ...
注：但用户仍可通过按‘e’来编辑启动项
单独锁定某个启动项
...
timeout 5
title Ubuntu12.04 LTS
password --md5 $!x2klaflasjdfljaakldjfde8*
root (hd0,0)
交互和启动都锁定
...
timeout 5
password --md5 $!x2klaflasjdfljaakldjfde8*
title Ubuntu12.04 LTS
lock
#只需在title下加上一把锁lock即可，但每把锁的密码相同
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-3.2...
initrd /boot/initrd-3.2...
title CentOS6
lock
root (hd0,1)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6...
initrd /boot/initrd-2.6...
要使用不同的lock可以
...
timeout 5
password --md5 $!x2klaflasjdfljaakldjfde8*
title Ubuntu12.04 LTS
lock
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-3.2...
initrd /boot/initrd-3.2...
title CentOS6
password --md5
$!12koaflasjdxljaakykjfdel7
#再hash一个密码放在这里就行了
root (hd0,1)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6...
initrd /boot/initrd-2.6...
title BackTack 5
password --md5
l!#2kkaflasjd*ljaakykjfle!a
#再hash一个密码放在这里就行了
root (hd0,3)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6...
initrd /boot/initrd-2.6...
修复grub
通过livecd启动
sudo grub
#进入grub命令行
grub>root
(hd0,0)
#指定内核所在分区
grub>setup (hd0)
#写入MBR,写入某个分区则是setup (hd0,x)
grub>quit
#####################################################
grub2(grub-1.9x)
#####################################################
/boot/grub/grub.cfg
#
# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE
#
# It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using
templates
# from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub
#
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then
set have_grubenv=true
load_env
fi
set default="0"
if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then
set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}"
save_env saved_entry
set prev_saved_entry=
save_env prev_saved_entry
set boot_once=true
fi
function savedefault {
if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then
saved_entry="${chosen}"
save_env
saved_entry
fi
}
function recordfail {
set recordfail=1
if [ -n "${have_grubenv}" ]; then if [ -z
"${boot_once}" ]; then save_env recordfail; fi; fi
}
function load_video {
insmod vbe
insmod vga
insmod video_bochs
insmod video_cirrus
}
if [ "${recordfail}" = 1 ]; then
set timeout=-1
else
set timeout=10
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###
set menu_color_normal=yellow/black
set menu_color_highlight=red/light-gray
if background_color 75,75,75; then
clear
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
function gfxmode {
set
gfxpayload="$1"
if [ "$1" =
"keep" ]; then
set vt_handoff=vt.handoff=7
else
set vt_handoff=
fi
}
if [ ${recordfail} != 1 ]; then
if [ -e ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt ]; then
if hwmatch
${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt 3; then
if [ ${match} = 0 ]; then
set linux_gfx_mode=keep
else
set linux_gfx_mode=text
fi
else
set linux_gfx_mode=text
fi
else
set
linux_gfx_mode=keep
fi
else
set linux_gfx_mode=text
fi
export linux_gfx_mode
if [ "$linux_gfx_mode" != "text" ]; then load_video; fi
menuentry 'Ubuntu，Linux 3.2.0-23-generic' --class ubuntu --class
gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
recordfail
gfxmode
$linux_gfx_mode
insmod
gzio
insmod
part_msdos
insmod
ext2
set
root='(hd0,msdos10)'
search
--no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root
7fbacbfd-6819-45ac-b777-1d6f7bbdc125
linux
/vmlinuz-3.2.0-23-generic
root=/dev/mapper/vg1-snap ro
quiet splash security=selinux selinux=1 $vt_handoff
initrd
/initrd.img-3.2.0-23-generic
}
### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###
### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
menuentry "Windows 7 (loader) (on /dev/sda1)" --class windows
--class os {
insmod
part_msdos
insmod
ntfs
set
root='(hd0,msdos1)'
search
--no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root F88CD2AA8CD26324
drivemap -s
(hd0) ${root}
chainloader
+1
}
menuentry "Windows 8 (loader) (on /dev/sda2)" --class windows
--class os {
insmod
part_msdos
insmod
ntfs
set
root='(hd0,msdos2)'
search
--no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root E4C8D3F4C8D3C34A
drivemap -s
(hd0) ${root}
chainloader
+1
}
menuentry "CentOS (2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64) (on
/dev/mapper/vg0-root)" --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os
{
insmod
part_msdos
insmod
ext2
set
root='(hd0,msdos13)'
search
--no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root
2eecf34f-1c16-4558-8543-b6122ee35e0a
linux
/vmlinuz-2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64 ro root=/dev/mapper/vg0-root
vga=791
initrd
/initramfs-2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64.img
}
menuentry "Ubuntu，Linux 3.2.0-23-generic (on
/dev/mapper/vg1-ubuntu)" --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os
{
insmod
part_msdos
insmod
ext2
set
root='(hd0,msdos10)'
search
--no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root
7fbacbfd-6819-45ac-b777-1d6f7bbdc125
linux
/vmlinuz-3.2.0-23-generic root=/dev/mapper/vg1-ubuntu ro text
vga=791
initrd
/initrd.img-3.2.0-23-generic
}
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu
entries. Simply type the
# menu entries you want to add after this
comment. Be careful not to change
# the 'exec tail' line above.
### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###
if [ -f $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then
source $prefix/custom.cfg;
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###
最显著的变化
color cyan/blue white/blue ==> set color_normal=cyan/black
set
color_highlight=megenta/black
title
==>
menuentry
root (hd0,0)
==>
set root=(hd0,msdos0)
kernel
==>
linux
grub硬盘分区都从0开始计数，比如：(hd0,0)表示hda1(或sda1),(hd1,4)表示hdb5(或sdb5)而grub2则是硬盘从0开始，分区从1开始，比如：(hd0,msdos1)表示hda1(或sda1),(hd1,msdos5)表示hdb5(或sdb5)
当然，在模块化和功能性上有大幅提升，一般更新比较积极的发行版都采用的是grub2，如：ubuntu,linux mint,open
suse, fedra等,这里就不多说，各位有兴趣可以参考grub2官方文档。
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