虚拟机之 LNMP

最新推荐文章于 2022-05-02 20:59:52 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-05-02 20:59:52 发布

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原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/wangshaojun/p/5136982.html

本文详细介绍如何在Linux环境下安装配置Nginx、MySQL及PHP（LNMP），并实现它们之间的关联。文章提供了具体步骤，包括安装过程中的常见错误解决方法。

LNMP就是Linux nginx mysql php

一、mysql

下载安装mysql转至 LAMP (点击“LAMP”即可跳转)

也可以从快照跳转至mysql安装ok

二、php

下载同上，

1.安装

cd /usr/local/src/

tar zxvf php-5.6.9.tar.gz

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=php-fpm --with-fpm-group=php-fpm --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-libxml-dir --with-gd--with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-exif --enable-zend-multibyte --disable-ipv6 --with-pear --with-curl --with-openssl

把lamp的错误解决方法yum安装完之后，新的错误解决方法

错误1

configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH
配置:错误:不接受C编译器中发现路径
解决
yum install gcc -y

错误2

configure: error: Please reinstall the libcurl distribution -
    easy.h should be in <curl-dir>/include/curl/
配置:错误:请重新安装libcurl分布-
一件容易的事。在< curl-dir > / h应该包括/卷/
解决
yum -y install curl-devel

echo $?
make
echo $?
make install
echo $?

make install 之前，如果已经安装过在php，同样指定的目录位/usr/local/php，可以把原来的删掉，or，挪个位置。

2.配置文件，启动脚本

cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
配置文件

cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
启动脚本

chmod 755 !$
执行权限

chkconfig --add php-fpm
chkconfig php-fpm on
开机启动

cd /usr/local/php/etc/
mv php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
配置文件

useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M php-fpm
用户，编译的时候指定的user group

service php-fpm start
启动

拍摄快照：备注LNMP php安装ok

php安装成功

三、nginx

1.下载

cd /usr/local/src/

wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/nginx/nginx-1.9.8.tar.gz

2.安装

tar zxvf nginx-1.9.8.tar.gz

 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-pcre

pcre 正则

错误1

./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
。/配置:错误:HTTP重写模块需要PCRE库。
解决
yum -y install pcre-devel

echo $?
make
echo $?
make install
echo $?

3.启动

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

shell脚本安装

vim nginx_install.sh

#! /bin/bash
cd /usr/local/src/
yum install wget -y
wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/nginx/nginx-1.9.8.tar.gz
tar zxvf nginx-1.9.8.tar.gz
yum -y install pcre-devel
yum install -y zlib-devel
yum -y install gcc
cd nginx-1.9.8
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-pcre
make && make install

nginx安装ok

四、关联php和nginx

php和nginx不能联系到一起，需要手动修改配置文件。

1.nginx

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

找到
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}
改为

location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}

2.防火墙

vim /etc/selinux/config
找到
SELINUX=enforcing
改为
SELINUX=disabled

setenforce 0

iptables -F

 service iptables save

详细说明见 LAMP 四、php 8-9小节

3.浏览器访问

192.168.1.116

Welcome to nginx!
If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and working. Further configuration is required.
For online documentation and support please refer to nginx.org.
Commercial support is available at nginx.com.
Thank you for using nginx.

4.测试解析php

vim /usr/local/nginx/html/info.php

<?php
phpinfo();
?>

http://192.168.1.116/info.php

php解析ok

五、nginx启动脚本

nginx启动重启非常不方便，手动写一个nginx启动脚本。

1.启动脚本

vim /etc/init.d/nginx

#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: - 30 21
# description: http service.
# Source Function Library
. /etc/init.d/functions
# Nginx Settings

NGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
RETVAL=0
prog="Nginx"

start() {
        echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
        mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp
        daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF
        RETVAL=$?
        echo
        return $RETVAL
}

stop() {
        echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
        killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM
        rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp
        RETVAL=$?
        echo
        return $RETVAL
}

reload(){
        echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
        killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP
        RETVAL=$?
        echo
        return $RETVAL
}

restart(){
        stop
        start
}

configtest(){
    $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t
    return 0
}

case "$1" in
  start)
        start
        ;;
  stop)
        stop
        ;;
  reload)
        reload
        ;;
  restart)
        restart
        ;;
  configtest)
        configtest
        ;;
  *)
        echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"
        RETVAL=1
esac

exit $RETVAL

chmod 755 !$

chkconfig --add nginx
chkconfig nginx on

2.配置文件

默认的配置文件不完美，手动写一个，

全局的配置，删掉原来的东西

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

user nobody nobody;
worker_processes 2;
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;

events
{
    use epoll;
    worker_connections 6000;
}

http
{
    include mime.types;
    default_type application/octet-stream;
    server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526;
    server_names_hash_max_size 4096;
    log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]'
    '$host "$request_uri" $status'
    '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';
    sendfile on;
    tcp_nopush on;
    keepalive_timeout 30;
    client_header_timeout 3m;
    client_body_timeout 3m;
    send_timeout 3m;
    connection_pool_size 256;
    client_header_buffer_size 1k;
    large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;
    request_pool_size 4k;
    output_buffers 4 32k;
    postpone_output 1460;
    client_max_body_size 10m;
    client_body_buffer_size 256k;
    client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;
    proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;
    fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;
    fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
    tcp_nodelay on;
    gzip on;
    gzip_min_length 1k;
    gzip_buffers 4 8k;
    gzip_comp_level 5;
    gzip_http_version 1.1;
    gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm application/xml;
    include vhosts/*.conf;
}

虚拟主机的配置

 cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/

mkdir  vhosts

cd vhosts/

server
{
    listen 80 default_server;
    server_name localhost;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root /tmp/1233;

}

##不管主机访问什么域名都会走这个配置，限制访问403

 mkdir /tmp/1233

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
检查配置文件

/etc/init.d/nginx reload
重新加载

 curl -x127.0.0.1:80 www.qq.com
测试默认虚拟主机配置，写什么域名都是403

 vim vhosts2.conf

server
{
    listen 80;
    server_name 111.com;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root /data/www;

    location ~ \.php$ {
        include fastcgi_params;
       # fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock;
        fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /data/www$fastcgi_script_name;
    }

}

server_name 111.com 指定域名

root /data/www root的目录

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;两种形式sockt和ip+端口。如果502,那就是因为这个socket文件的权限不能让nginx用户读到，办法是在php-fpm.conf配置文件中指定一下socket文件的权限： listen.mode=644

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /data/www$fastcgi_script_name; 也要指定路径

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

/etc/init.d/nginx reload

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/wangshaojun/p/5136982.html