[Be a Coding Plasterer] Components 1：get Basic Things-优快云博客

本文从简单的'Hello World'程序开始，深入探讨计算机编程的基础概念，如硬件、软件框架、操作系统（OS）的工作原理，以及如何理解和使用CPU、内存等关键组件。通过实际例子和详细解释，作者揭示了计算机编程背后的复杂性和美妙之处。

Writer：BYSocket（泥沙砖瓦浆木匠）

Reprint it anywhere u want.

Written In The Font

I am writing at home.Today it is windy,but I am feeling isuitable and warm.Why the title is called ‘Be a Coding Plasterer’? I think that a good computer programmer should know something about Hardware and how the code runs with CPU andRAM.so when I am learning ,I wanna say somthing about them after thinking.

pieces:

1. Hello World

2. Software Framework

3. OS(Operating System)

Hello World

Hello World,its the start of computer coding.every programmer likes it.so how ‘Hello World’ runs in computer and why its designed so.I wrote an article before,go to C++的Hello，World！ .Here what I think,

1. A simple code is not simple.Like a tree,start from the root,its a little complex in the body.‘Dont let yourself stop learning’

2. Learning the basic things is so nice.‘Just a boy find ways to go home when being lost.’

After learning,some Questions in my head.

Q: IO chips,PCI,ISA.. What are they?

Q: Runtime Library,Operating System Kernel .. What are they? How they work together?

Software Framework

In daily life when we wanna cross the river,what we want is just a bridge. How the same meaning use in the computer.Long age,there are many problems in computer development.But after solving them, a saying is

‘Any problem in computer science can be solved by another layer of indirection.’

A software need to call the system.And its very complex but interesting.There are many layers of indirections between them.I will give a picture about computer software architecture

OS(Operating System)

1. CPU

CPU nerver stops.

Multiprograming:

It is monitoring the cpu.when its useless,let it handle other things.

Time-Sharing System:

After a process running for some time , it lets the CPU handle others for some time.each has the opportunity to run for a period of time.

Mutil-tasking System:

All softwares run with processes. Every process has its priority.Each has the independent space.Each gets the CPU by its priority.When its overtime,it pauses.Its called ‘Preemptive’.CPU switches bewteen processes.

2. Device Driver

Device Driver is a part of OS,running with the OS Kernel.

Hard Disk:

Basic storage unit is Sector. Every sector has 512 Bytes. For example, one hard disk has 2 discs,every disc has 65536 tracks,every track has 1024 sectors.So

1	`2 * 2 * 65536 * 1024 * 512 KB = 128 GB`

about CPU

CPU has some commands for I/O and others.Like,provides ‘in’‘out’to read or write in hardware.

3. Memory

Memory,Like what in our head.We store everything in head.So the computer does.

Q: How the computer provides the limited physical memory to some programs? and we can see many problems: 1.no isolation of address room. 2.week efficiency of memoryusing 3.program running adress is not sure.

1.Using the Virtual Address to make the isolation of address. Like the saying:‘Any problem in computer science can be solved by another layer of indirection.’,we solve it .Every process has own Virtual Address and it means the process has a own Physical Address.

2.Segmentaion