1.配置DispatcherServlet
在web.xml文件中,添加:
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>
org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
上述配置中,默认会在WEB-INF/目录下,查找springmvc-servlet.xml的配置文件,模式为:(servletname)-servlet.xml.找到该配置文件后,以此来加载应用程序上下文。
如果想要修改默认的配置文件,则可通过下面的方法来指定配置文件路径:
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/HelloWeb-servlet.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
2.配置springmvc-servlet.xml
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.xiaofan.hello.activiti" />
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
</beans>
3.定义控制器
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public class HelloController{
@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String printHello(ModelMap model) {
model.addAttribute("message", "Hello Spring MVC Framework!");
return "hello";
}
}
4.创建jsp视图
<html>
<head>
<title>Hello Spring MVC</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>${message}</h2>
</body>
</html>
5.运行web测试
习惯使用jetty进行web测试,因为是maven项目,所以对pom.xml进行以下步骤的修改:
1.添加servlet依赖:
<!-- servlet依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
2.添加jetty插件:
<plugin>
<groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>
<artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>8.1.14.v20131031</version>
<configuration>
<jvmArgs>-Dfile.encoding=UTF-8</jvmArgs>
<scanIntervalSeconds>0</scanIntervalSeconds>
<stopKey>foo</stopKey>
<stopPort>9999</stopPort>
<webApp>
<contextPath>/activiti-hello</contextPath>
</webApp>
<connectors>
<connector implementation="org.eclipse.jetty.server.nio.SelectChannelConnector">
<port>9090</port>
<maxIdleTime>60000</maxIdleTime>
</connector>
</connectors>
</configuration>
</plugin>
经过上述步骤,可以通过mvn jetty:run来运行测试了,在浏览器中输入http://127.0.0.1:9090/activiti-hello/hello,可以看到以下页面:
至此,springmvc基本框架的helloworld实例已经完成
总结
总结一下,开发springmvc的简单应用包括以下步骤:
- 在web.xml中配置DispatcherServlet,用它请求规划好的那类请求(如 *.do , *.action , / );
- 配置servletname-servlet.xml文件,以配置springmvc上下文环境;
- 编写Controller;
- 编写jsp页面;
- 运行jetty测试;