java 基础之--传统网络编程-优快云博客

本文深入解析了Java中Socket的工作原理，展示了如何使用Socket实现服务器与客户端的双向通信。通过具体的代码示例，详细介绍了服务端如何监听并接受客户端连接，以及双方如何通过读写操作进行数据交换。

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什么是socket ？

socket 是连接运行在网络上的两个程序间的双向通讯端点

服务器将某一套接字绑定到一个特定的端口，并通过这一套接字等待和监听客户端的的连接请求

客户端通过这个端口与服务器进行连接

如果一切正常，服务器接受到了连接的请求，并获得一个新的绑定到不同端口的套接字

服务端与客户通过读写套接字进行通讯

下面的基于Java 传统的tcp/ip 的代码编写，实现了服务器与客户端的通信

服务端代码：

package com.java.baseknowledge.net;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class ServiceSockets {
    
    private static  HashMap<String,Socket> map = new HashMap<String,Socket>();
    
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        
        ServerSocket serverSocket =new ServerSocket(9099);
        
        while(true) {
            //阻塞方法，一旦有客户端与fwq连接，将会获得绑定新的绑定到不同端口到套接字与客户端进行通讯
            Socket accept = serverSocket.accept();
            TheMap.map.put(accept.getPort()+"", accept);
            System.err.println(TheMap.map);
            OutputThread run1 =new OutputThread(accept);
        
            Thread th1 =new Thread(run1);
            
            th1.start();
            
            
        }
        
        
        
    }
    

}
/**
 * 全局存储连接的socket对象，进行广播?通讯
 * @author iscys
 *
 */
class TheMap{
    
    public static  HashMap<String,Socket> map = new HashMap<String,Socket>();
}


class OutputThread implements Runnable{
    
    private Socket socket;
    
    public OutputThread(Socket socket) {
        
        this.socket=socket;
        
    }
    InputStream inputStream;
    
    @Override
    public void run() {
    System.out.println(TheMap.map);
        
        try {
            inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        
        
        while(true)
        {
                    byte [] b =new byte[2048];
                    while(-1!=(inputStream.read(b))) {
                        //进行广播
                        TheMap.map.forEach((k,v)->{
                            try{
                                if(v!=socket) {
                            OutputStream outputStream = v.getOutputStream();
                            
                            outputStream.write(b);
                                }
                            }
                            catch(Exception e) {
                                e.printStackTrace();
                            }
                            
                        });
                    }
                    
                } 
        }
            catch(Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        
        
    }
}

客户端代码：

package com.java.baseknowledge.net;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.Map;

public class ClientSocket {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception, IOException {
        
        Socket socket =new Socket("localhost",9099);
        
        
            

            OutputThread2 run1 =new OutputThread2(socket);
            InputThread3 run2 =new InputThread3(socket);
            Thread th1 =new Thread(run1);
            Thread th2 =new Thread(run2);
            
            th1.start();
            th2.start();

    }    

}


class OutputThread2 implements Runnable{
    
    private Socket socket;
    
    public OutputThread2(Socket socket) {
        
        this.socket=socket;

    }
    
    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            
                    OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
        
                    while(true) {
                    BufferedReader bufferefReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
                    
                    String readLine = bufferefReader.readLine();
                
                    
                    
                    outputStream.write(readLine.getBytes());
                    
                    }
                    //outputStream.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
        
    }


}


class InputThread3 implements Runnable{
    
    private Socket socket;
    
    public InputThread3(Socket socket) {
        
        this.socket=socket;
    
    }
    
    @Override
    public void run() {
        
        while(true)
        
                
                try {
                    InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
                    byte [] b =new byte[2048];
                    int length =inputStream.read(b);
                    System.out.println(new String(b));
                    
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                

}
}