小结几种基本排序算法:选择、插入、希尔、快排、归并、堆排序。
0.各算法都用到的父类:
package algs;
import java.util.Arrays;
/**
* Author: areful
* Date: 2018/8/9
*/
public abstract class BaseSort {
protected static Comparable<Character>[] data() {
return new Comparable[]{'A', 'r', 'e', 'f', 'u', 'l', '1', '9', '9', '7' };
}
protected static boolean less(Comparable[] a, int i, int j) {
return a[i].compareTo(a[j]) < 0;
}
protected static void exch(Comparable[] a, int i, int j) {
Comparable tmp = a[i];
a[i] = a[j];
a[j] = tmp;
}
static boolean heapLess(Comparable[] a, int i, int j) {
return a[i - 1].compareTo(a[j - 1]) < 0;
}
static void heapExch(Comparable[] a, int i, int j) {
Comparable tmp = a[i - 1];
a[i - 1] = a[j - 1];
a[j - 1] = tmp;
}
static void printArray(Comparable[] a) {
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(a));
}
}
1.选择排序
package algs;
/**
* Author: areful
* Date: 2018/8/9
*/
public class TestSort extends BaseSort {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Comparable a[] = data();
sort(a);
printArray(a);
}
public static void sort(Comparable[] a) {
int N = a.length;
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
int min = i;
for (int j = i + 1; j < N; j++) {
if (less(a, j, min)) min = j;
}
exch(a, i, min);
}
}
}
2.插入排序
package algs;
/**
* Author: areful
* Date: 2018/8/9
*/
public class TestSort extends BaseSort {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Comparable a[] = data();
sort(a);
printArray(a);
}
public static void sort(Comparable[] a) {
int N = a.length;
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
for (int j = i; j > 0 && less(a, j, j - 1); j--) {
exch(a, j, j - 1);
}
}
}
}
3.希尔排序
package algs;
/**
* Author: areful
* Date: 2018/8/9
*/
public class TestSort extends BaseSort {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Comparable a[] = data();
sort(a);
printArray(a);
}
public static void sort(Comparable[] a) {
int N = a.length;
int h = 1;
while (h < N / 3) h = 3 * h + 1;
while (h >= 1) {
for (int i = h; i < N; i++) {
for (int j = i; j >= h && less(a, j, j - h); j -= h) {
exch(a, j, j - h);
}
}
h /= 3;
}
}
}
4.快速排序
package algs;
/**
* Author: areful
* Date: 2018/8/9
*/
public class TestSort extends BaseSort {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Comparable a[] = data();
sort(a);
printArray(a);
}
public static void sort(Comparable[] a) {
sort(a, 0, a.length - 1);
}
private static void sort(Comparable[] a, int lo, int hi) {
if (hi <= lo) return;
int j = partition(a, lo, hi);
sort(a, lo, j-1);
sort(a, j+1, hi);
}
private static int partition(Comparable[] a, int lo, int hi) {
int i = lo;
int j = hi + 1;
while (true) {
while (less(a, ++i, lo))
if (i == hi) break;
while (less(a ,lo, --j))
if (j == lo) break;
if (i >= j) break;
exch(a, i, j);
}
exch(a, lo, j);
return j;
}
}
5.归并排序
package algs;
/**
* Author: areful
* Date: 2018/8/9
*/
public class TestSort extends BaseSort {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Comparable a[] = data();
sort(a);
printArray(a);
}
public static void sort(Comparable[] a) {
Comparable[] aux = new Comparable[a.length];
sort(a, aux, 0, a.length - 1);
}
private static void sort(Comparable[] a, Comparable[] aux, int lo, int hi) {
if (hi <= lo) return;
int mid = lo + (hi - lo) / 2;
sort(a, aux, lo, mid);
sort(a, aux, mid + 1, hi);
merge(a, aux, lo, mid, hi);
}
private static void merge(Comparable[] a, Comparable[] aux, int lo, int mid, int hi) {
for (int k = lo; k <= hi; k++) {
aux[k] = a[k];
}
int i = lo, j = mid + 1;
for (int k = lo; k <= hi; k++) {
if (i > mid) a[k] = aux[j++]; // this copying is unnecessary
else if (j > hi) a[k] = aux[i++];
else if (less(aux, j, i)) a[k] = aux[j++];
else a[k] = aux[i++];
}
}
}
6.堆排序
package algs;
/**
* Author: areful
* Date: 2018/8/9
*/
public class TestSort extends BaseSort {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Comparable a[] = data();
sort(a);
printArray(a);
}
private static void sort(Comparable[] a) {
int n = a.length;
for (int k = n / 2; k > 0; k--) {
sink(a, k, n);
}
while (n >= 1) {
heapExch(a, 1, n--);
sink(a, 1, n);
}
}
private static void sink(Comparable[] a, int k, int n) {
while (k * 2 <= n) {
int j = k * 2;
if (j < n && heapLess(a, j, j + 1)) j++;
if (!heapLess(a, k, j)) break;
heapExch(a, k, j);
k = j;
}
}
}