参考文章:http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/lijuwen/article/details/1353084
然后又按照自己的方式敲了一遍,各种错。。。。
下面是我的代码:
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
typedef char AtomType;//定义tag类型
typedef char AtomType;//定义原子类型为字符型
typedef enum{ATOM,LIST} ElemTag;
typedef struct{
char *ch;
int length;
}HString;
typedef struct GLNode{
ElemTag tag;
union{
AtomType data;
GLNode *subList;
}a;
GLNode *next;
}*GLList,GLNode;
//生成一个串等于chars
void strAssign(HString *T,char *chars)
{
//如果T存在值,释放T的空间
if((*T).ch) free((*T).ch);
//求chars的长度
int i = strlen(chars);
if(i ==0)
{
T->ch =NULL;
T->length =0;
}else{
//T= (HString*)malloc(sizeof(HString));
(*T).ch = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char));//分配串的空间
if(!(*T).ch) exit(0);
for(int j=0;j<i;j++) T->ch[j]=chars[j];
T->length = i;
}
}
//将S的值复制给T
void strCopy(HString *T,HString *S)
{
if((*T).ch) free((*T).ch);
(*T).ch = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char));
if(!(*T).ch) exit(0);
for(int i=0;i<S->length;i++) T->ch[i] = S->ch[i];
T->length = S->length;
}
//判断串是否为空
int strEmpty(HString *S)
{
if(S->length==0&&S->ch==NULL) return 1;
else return 0;
}
//比较两个字符的大小,前者大于后者返回1,相等返回0,前者小于后者返回-1
int strCompare(HString *T,HString *S)
{
int i,j;
for(i=0,j=0;i<T->length,j<S->length;i++,j++)
if(T->ch[i] != T->ch[j]) return T->ch[i]-T->ch[j];
return T->length - S->length;
}
//得到串的长度
int strLen(HString *S)
{
return S->length;
}
//清空串
void clearStr(HString *S)
{//这样写跟.ch应该没差别
if(S->ch){
free(S->ch);
S->ch = NULL;
}
S->length =0;
}
//连接串
void strConcat(HString *T,HString *S1,HString *S2)
{
if((*T).ch) free((*T).ch);
T->length = S1->length + S2->length;
(*T).ch = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char));
if(!(*T).ch) exit(0);
for(int i=0;i<S1->length;i++)
T->ch[i] = S1->ch[i];
for(int j=0;j<S2->length;j++)
T->ch[S1->length+j]=S2->ch[j];
}
//将S从pos位置截取length长的字符串赋值给sub
void subStr(HString *sub,HString *S,int pos,int length)
{
if(pos <1||pos>S->length||length<0||length>S->length+1-pos)
{
printf("%s","pos or length invalid");
exit(0);
}
if((*sub).ch) free((*sub).ch);
if((*S).ch == NULL){
(*sub).ch = NULL;
(*sub).length=0;
}else
{
(*sub).ch = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char));
if(!(*sub).ch) exit(0);
for(int i=0;i<length;i++)
sub->ch[i]=S->ch[pos+i];
sub->length = length;
}
}
//初始化串
void initStr(HString *S)
{
(*S).length =0;
(*S).ch = NULL;
}
//两个字符串是否有重合,在S的pos位置之后,重合返回第一次重合的下标,不重合返回-1
int indexStr(HString *T,HString *S,int pos)
{
int length = (*S).length-(*T).length+1;
if(pos>0)
{
for(int i=pos;i<length;i++)
{
HString temp;
subStr(&temp,S,i,length);
if(!strCompare(&temp,T)) return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
//在S的pos位置插入T
void strInsert(HString *S,int pos,HString *T)
{
if(pos<1||pos>(*S).length+1||(*T).length<0) exit(0);
if((*S).ch) free((*T).ch);
(*S).ch = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char));
if(!(*S).ch) exit(0);
for(int i=(*S).length-1;i>pos-1;i--) //(*S).ch[i+pos] = (*S).ch[i];
(*S).ch[i+(*T).length] = (*S).ch[i];
for(int i=0;i<(*T).length;i++)
(*S).ch[pos+i-1] = (*T).ch[i];
(*S).length +=(*T).length;
}
//在S的pos位置删除len长度
void strDelete(HString *S,int pos,int len)
{
if(len < 1||len>(*S).length-1||pos<1||pos>(*S).length-1||pos<(*S).length-1-len) exit(0);
for(int i=pos;i<(*S).length;i++) (*S).ch[pos]=(*S).ch[pos+len];
(*S).length -=len;
(*S).ch = (char*)realloc((*S).ch,(*S).length*sizeof(char));
}
//替换字符串,将V替换成T
void strReplace(HString *S,HString *T,HString *V)
{
int i=1;
if(strEmpty(S)) exit(0);
do
{
i = indexStr(S,V,i);//i为上次寻找的位置
if(i)
{
strDelete(S,i,(*V).length);
strInsert(S,i,T);
i+=(*V).length;
}
}while(i);
}
//输出str
void strPrint(HString *S)
{
for(int i=0;i<(*S).length;i++)
printf("%c",(*S).ch[i]);
printf("/n");
}
//初始化广义表
int initGList(GLList *L)
{
*L = NULL;
return 1;
}
//将str分成两部分,hstr为第一个,之前的字符串,str为第一个,之后的字符串
int sever(HString *str,HString *hstr)
{
printf("%s","开始执行sever/n");
HString ch,c1,c2,c3;
initStr(&ch);initStr(&c1);initStr(&c2);initStr(&c3);
printf("%s","init success/n");
strAssign(&c1,",");strAssign(&c2,"(");strAssign(&c3,")");
printf("%s","strassgin success/n");
int n = strLen(str);
int i=1;
int k=0;
do{
printf("%s","begin to inter do/n");
printf("i=%d/n",i);
subStr(&ch,str,i,1);
printf("substr:%c",&ch);
if(!strCompare(&ch,&c2)) k++;
else if(!strCompare(&ch,&c3)) k--;
++i;
}while(i<=n&&strCompare(&ch,&c1)||k!=0);
printf("&ch=%c",ch);
if(i<n)
{
strCopy(&ch,str);
subStr(hstr,&ch,1,i-2);
subStr(str,&ch,i,n-i+1);
}
else
{
strCopy(hstr,str);
clearStr(str);
}
return 1;
}
//s为广义表格式的字符串,L为要创建的表,
void createList(GLList &L,HString *S)
{
GLList p;
HString emp,sub,hsub;
initStr(&emp);initStr(&sub);initStr(&hsub);
strAssign(&emp,"()");
L = (GLList)malloc(sizeof(GLNode));
if(!L)
{
printf("%s","创建表失败");
exit(0);
}
if(!strCompare(S,&emp))//创建空表
{
L->tag = LIST;
L->next = NULL;
L->a.subList = NULL;
}else if(strLen(S)==1)//创建原子表
{
L->tag = ATOM;
L->next = NULL;
L->a.data = (*S).ch[0];
}else//普通的广义表
{
L->tag = LIST;
L->next = NULL;
//脱外层括号
subStr(&sub,S,1,strLen(S)-2);
printf("脱外层括号之后:%s",sub);
sever(&sub,&hsub);
printf("sublist=%s",hsub);
printf("next=%s",sub);
createList(L->a.subList,&hsub);
p = L->a.subList;
while(!strEmpty(&sub))
{
sever(&sub,&hsub);
createList(p->next,&hsub);
p = p->next;
}
}
}
//销毁广义表
void destroyList(GLList *L)
{
GLList subList,next;
if(*L)
{
if((*L)->tag = ATOM) subList = NULL;
else subList = (*L)->a.subList;
next = (*L)->next;
free(*L);
(*L) = NULL;
destroyList(&subList);
destroyList(&next);
}
}
// 由广义表L复制得到广义表T
int copyList(GLList *T,GLList L)
{
if(!L)
{
*T = NULL;
return 1;
};
T = (GLList *)malloc(sizeof(GLList));
if(!(*T)) exit(0);
(*T)->tag = L->tag;
if(L->tag = ATOM) (*T)->a.data = L->a.data;
else copyList(&(*T)->a.subList,L->a.subList);
if(L->next == NULL) (*T)->next = L->next;
else copyList(&(*T)->next ,L->next);
return 1;
}
//获得表的长度
int listLength(GLList *L)
{
//如果是空表,返回0,如果是原子表,返回1,如果是一般表,p->tp,元素个数也就是最外层括号内逗号隔开的个数
int length = 0;
GLList p;
if((*L)->tag == LIST &&!(*L)->a.subList) return 0;
else if((*L)->tag == ATOM) return 1;
else
{
p = (*L)->a.subList;
do
{
length++;
p = p->next;
}while(p);
return length;
}
}
//获得表的深度
int listDepth(GLList *L)
{
//如果表为空或者表的类型为list但是表的sublist为空,return1,如果tag=0,return0.
//否则就是一般表,每次取尾,遍历一次+1,最大dep为max,返回max+1
if(*L==NULL||((*L)->tag ==LIST&&(*L)->a.subList==NULL)) return 1;
else if((*L)->tag == ATOM) return 0;
else
{
int max,depth;
GLList p;
for(max=0,depth=0,p=(*L)->a.subList;p;p=p->next)
{
depth = listDepth(&p);
if(depth>max) max = depth;
}
return max+1;
}
}
//list是否为空
int listEmpty(GLList *L)
{
//如果表不存在或者表为list类型但是sublist为空,
if(*L==NULL||((*L)->tag ==LIST&&(*L)->a.subList==NULL)) return 1;
else return 0;
}
//获取表头
GLList getHead(GLList *L)
{
//如果是空表,无表头,否则,申请表空间,复制tag,如果是atom,复制atom值,如果不是,将l->sublist->sublist复制给要返回的值
if(listEmpty(L)) return NULL;
else
{
GLList head;
head = (GLList)malloc(sizeof(GLList));
if(!head) exit(0);
head->tag = (*L)->tag;
if(head->tag == ATOM) head->a.data = (*L)->a.data;
else
copyList(&head->a.subList,(*L)->next);
return head;
}
}
//获取表尾
GLList getTail(GLList *L)
{
//如果是空表,无表尾,否则,申请表空间,赋值tag,复制l->sublist->next,表尾是一大块哦,是用哪个截取第一个,之后的后半部分转化成的表
//如果是原子表,也没有表尾
if(!L||(*L)->tag == ATOM) return NULL;
GLList tail ;
tail = (GLList)malloc(sizeof(GLList));
if(!tail) exit(0);
tail->tag = LIST;
tail->next = NULL;
copyList(&tail->a.subList,(*L)->a.subList->next);
return tail;
}
//在第一个元素前插入
void insertFirst(GLList *L,GLList e)
{
GLList p = (*L)->a.subList;
(*L)->a.subList = e;
e->next = p;
}
//删除第一个元素
void deleteFirst(GLList *L,GLList e)
{
//删除结果赋值给e,如果不为空,e=a.sublist,l->sublist=e->next,e->next=null,如果为空,e=l
if(*L)
{
e = (*L)->a.subList;
(*L)->a.subList = e->next;
e->next= NULL;
}
else
e = *L;
}
void traverse(GLList *L)
{
//递归遍历gl,如果表不为空,如果是原子,如果为子表,sublist遍历,
}
//从键盘输入创建
void createByScanf(GLList *L)
{
//输入的所有字符可能是 # 字母 ( ) , 一个方法有两次输入,第一个输入(,字母,# 因为输入(之后会进入下一个函数的首次输入,所以一#和字母终止
//第二次输入 , ) )代表nex是null,,代表下一个值开始输入,进入下一个方法第一个输入
char ch;
scanf_s("%c",&ch);
if(ch == '#')*L = NULL;
else if(ch == '(')
{
L = (GLList *)malloc(sizeof(GLList));
if(!L) exit(0);
(*L)->tag = LIST;
createByScanf(&(*L)->a.subList);
}
else
{
L = (GLList *)malloc(sizeof(GLList));
if(!L) exit(0);
(*L)->tag = ATOM;
(*L)->a.data = ch;
}
scanf_s("%c",&ch);
if(ch == ',')
createByScanf(&(*L)->next);
else if(ch == ')')
(*L)->next = NULL;
}
void main()
{
HString t;
GLList l,m;
initStr(&t);
initGList(&l);
initGList(&m);
/*char c[80];
gets_s(c);
strAssign(&t,c);
createList(l,&t);//每次循环sub出来的的值都一样,但是每次执行的sub都不同
printf("广义表l的长度=%d/n",listLength(&l));*/
createByScanf(&l);
printf("广义表l的长度=%d/n",listLength(&l));
/*HString t,m;
initStr(&t);
initStr(&m);
char c[10];
gets_s(c);
strAssign(&t,c);
subStr(&m,&t,1,1);
strPrint(&m);*/
}
显示是调不通了,有机会再好好调下