Protocol Buffers教程

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-02 15:16:23 发布

转载最新推荐文章于 2025-06-02 15:16:23 发布 · 178 阅读

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原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/luckygxf/p/9193457.html

文章标签：

#java #c/c++

本文介绍了Protocol Buffers（PB）这一跨语言、平台中立的数据序列化方式，并通过实例演示了如何使用PB进行数据结构定义及序列化操作。同时，文章还简要提及了与FastJSON的序列化大小对比。

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今天想比较下pb和fastjson两个序列化后的大小。再看了一下pb序列化

pb官网：https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/

pb是啥

1 What are protocol buffers?
2 Protocol buffers are Google's language-neutral, platform-neutral, extensible mechanism for serializing structured data – think XML, but smaller, faster, 
and simpler. You define how you want your data to be structured once, then you can use special generated source code to easily write and read your structured
 data to and from a variety of data streams and using a variety of languages.

一个序列化框架，比xml序列化后的空间更小，更快，更简单。定义好实体文件，可以生成指定语言代码，如java, c++等，这也是一个很重要的功能吧

官网demo教程：

1. 定义实体文件

addressbook.proto

syntax = "proto2";

package demo;

option java_package = "com.gxf.demo";
option java_outer_classname = "AddressBookProtos";

message Person {
  required string name = 1;
  required int32 id = 2;
  optional string email = 3;

  enum PhoneType {
    MOBILE = 0;
    HOME = 1;
    WORK = 2;
  }

  message PhoneNumber {
    required string number = 1;
    optional PhoneType type = 2 [default = HOME];
  }

  repeated PhoneNumber phones = 4;
}

message AddressBook {
  repeated Person people = 1;
}

3. 下载、安装pb编译器

https://github.com/google/protobuf/releases/

解压， configure, make, make install

4. 编译实体文件

protoc -I=. --java_out=. ./addressbook.proto

5. java demo

package com.gxf.demo;

public class PtotobufDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AddressBookProtos.Person gxf =
                AddressBookProtos.Person.newBuilder()
                        .setId(1234)
                        .setName("guan xianseng")
                        .setEmail("guanxianseng@example.com")
                        .addPhones(
                                AddressBookProtos.Person.PhoneNumber.newBuilder()
                                        .setNumber("555-4321")
                                        .setType(AddressBookProtos.Person.PhoneType.HOME))
                        .build();

        System.out.println(gxf);

        byte[] bytes = gxf.toByteArray();
        System.out.println(bytes.length);
    }
}