Linux文件归档工具——cpio

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-10 21:15:00 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-09-10 21:15:00 发布

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原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/wang618/p/11177221.html

本文介绍了Linux中用于文件归档的cpio命令，详细讲解了其基本功能、常用选项，包括-o选项用于打包文件，-i选项用于解包，-t选项用于预览文件内容。此外，还提供了将etc目录备份的使用示例。

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一cpio的介绍

功能：复制文件从或到归档

cpio命令是通过重定向的方式将文件进行打包备份，还原恢复的工具，它可以解压以“.cpio”或者“.tar”结尾的文件。

cpio [选项] > 文件名或者设备名

cpio [选项] < 文件名或者设备名

选项
-o 将文件拷贝打包成文件或者将文件输出到设备上
-i 解包，将打包文件解压或将设备上的备份还原到系统
-t 预览，查看文件内容或者输出到设备上的文件内容
-v 显示打包过程中的文件名称。
-d 解包生成目录，在cpio还原时，自动的建立目录
-c 一种较新的存储方式

二cpio的使用

（一）-o 将文件拷贝打包成文件或者将文件输出到设备上

将etc目录备份：

[root@centos72 ~]# ls  /app/etc/  -ld
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 23 May  3 10:59 /app/etc/ [root@centos72 ~]# find /app/etc/ /app/etc/ /app/etc/sysconfig /app/etc/sysconfig/ip6tables-config /app/etc/sysconfig/iptables-config /app/etc/sysconfig/cbq /app/etc/sysconfig/cbq/avpkt /app/etc/sysconfig/cbq/cbq-0000.example /app/etc/sysconfig/rdisc /app/etc/sysconfig/console /app/etc/sysconfig/init /app/etc/sysconfig/modules /app/etc/sysconfig/netconsole /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-bnep /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-eth /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-ippp /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-ipv6 /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-isdn /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-post /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-ppp /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-routes /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-sit /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-tunnel /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-aliases /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-bnep /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-eth /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-ippp /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-ipv6 /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-isdn /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-plip /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-plusb /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-post /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-ppp /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-routes /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-sit /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-tunnel /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-wireless /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/init.ipv6-global /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/network-functions /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/network-functions-ipv6 /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-Team /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-TeamPort /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-Team /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-TeamPort /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens37 /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup /app/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown /app/etc/sysconfig/readonly-root /app/etc/sysconfig/crond /app/etc/sysconfig/run-parts /app/etc/sysconfig/wpa_supplicant /app/etc/sysconfig/ebtables-config /app/etc/sysconfig/irqbalance /app/etc/sysconfig/man-db /app/etc/sysconfig/rsyslog /app/etc/sysconfig/firewalld /app/etc/sysconfig/kdump /app/etc/sysconfig/sshd /app/etc/sysconfig/authconfig /app/etc/sysconfig/cpupower /app/etc/sysconfig/kernel /app/etc/sysconfig/network /app/etc/sysconfig/anaconda /app/etc/sysconfig/chronyd /app/etc/sysconfig/ntpdate /app/etc/sysconfig/ntpd /app/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /app/etc/sysconfig/ipvsadm-config /app/etc/sysconfig/nginx /app/etc/sysconfig/nginx-debug /app/etc/sysconfig/htcacheclean /app/etc/sysconfig/httpd /app/etc/sysconfig/grub /app/etc/sysconfig/selinux</