mooc课程mit 6.00.1x--problem set3解决方法

最新推荐文章于 2022-04-15 01:13:51 发布

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原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/honoka/p/4795895.html

本文探讨了如何使用编程解决两个问题：计算辐射暴露和实现一个猜单词游戏。通过迭代计算来评估不同时间段内的辐射暴露，并通过分步骤实现猜单词游戏的规则，包括加载词汇列表、选择单词、检查猜测字母是否正确、获取已猜字母的单词展示等。此文章深入介绍了编程技巧和逻辑思维在解决实际问题中的应用。

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RADIATION EXPOSURE
挺简单的一道题，计算函数和算法过程都已经给出，做一个迭代计算就行了。

 1 def radiationExposure(start, stop, step):
 2     '''
 3     Computes and returns the amount of radiation exposed
 4     to between the start and stop times. Calls the 
 5     function f (defined for you in the grading script)
 6     to obtain the value of the function at any point.
 7 
 8     start: integer, the time at which exposure begins
 9     stop: integer, the time at which exposure ends
10     step: float, the width of each rectangle. You can assume that
11       the step size will always partition the space evenly.
12 
13     returns: float, the amount of radiation exposed to 
14       between start and stop times.
15     '''
16     # FILL IN YOUR CODE HERE...
17     area = 0
18     while start <  stop:
19         area = area + f(start) * step
20         start += step
21 
22     return area

A WORDGAME: HANGMAN
一个猜单词游戏，个人感觉略有难度，游戏规则见这里。将其分步实现相应的函数。

  1 # 6.00 Problem Set 3
  2 # 
  3 # Hangman game
  4 #
  5 
  6 # -----------------------------------
  7 # Helper code
  8 # You don't need to understand this helper code,
  9 # but you will have to know how to use the functions
 10 # (so be sure to read the docstrings!)
 11 
 12 import random
 13 import string
 14 
 15 WORDLIST_FILENAME = "words.txt"
 16 
 17 def loadWords():
 18     """
 19     Returns a list of valid words. Words are strings of lowercase letters.
 20 
 21     Depending on the size of the word list, this function may
 22     take a while to finish.
 23     """
 24     print "Loading word list from file..."
 25     # inFile: file
 26     inFile = open(WORDLIST_FILENAME, 'r', 0)
 27     # line: string
 28     line = inFile.readline()
 29     # wordlist: list of strings
 30     wordlist = string.split(line)
 31     print "  ", len(wordlist), "words loaded."
 32     return wordlist
 33 
 34 def chooseWord(wordlist):
 35     """
 36     wordlist (list): list of words (strings)
 37     Returns a word from wordlist at random
 38     """
 39     return random.choice(wordlist)
 40 
 41 # end of helper code
 42 # -----------------------------------
 43 
 44 # Load the list of words into the variable wordlist
 45 # so that it can be accessed from anywhere in the program
 46 wordlist = loadWords()
 47 
 48 def isWordGuessed(secretWord, lettersGuessed):
 49     '''
 50     secretWord: string, the word the user is guessing
 51     lettersGuessed: list, what letters have been guessed so far
 52     returns: boolean, True if all the letters of secretWord are in 
 53         lettersGuessed; False otherwise
 54     '''
 55     # FILL IN YOUR CODE HERE...
 56     for c in secretWord:
 57         if c not in lettersGuessed:
 58             return False
 59 
 60     return True
 61 
 62 def getGuessedWord(secretWord, lettersGuessed):
 63     '''
 64     secretWord: string, the word the user is guessing
 65     lettersGuessed: list, what letters have been guessed so far
 66     returns: string, comprised of letters and underscores that represents
 67       what letters in secretWord have been guessed so far.
 68     '''
 69     # FILL IN YOUR CODE HERE...
 70     guess = ""
 71     for c in secretWord:
 72         if c in lettersGuessed:
 73             guess += c
 74         else:
 75             guess += "_ "
 76 
 77     return guess
 78 
 79 def getAvailableLetters(lettersGuessed):
 80     '''
 81     lettersGuessed: list, what letters have been guessed so far
 82     returns: string, comprised of letters that represents what letters have not
 83       yet been guessed.
 84     '''
 85     # FILL IN YOUR CODE HERE...
 86     available = ""
 87     for c in string.ascii_lowercase:
 88         if c not in lettersGuessed:
 89             available += c
 90 
 91     return available
 92 
 93 def hangman(secretWord):
 94     '''
 95     secretWord: string, the secret word to guess.
 96     Starts up an interactive game of Hangman.
 97     * At the start of the game, let the user know how many 
 98       letters the secretWord contains.
 99     * Ask the user to supply one guess (i.e. letter) per round.
100     * The user should receive feedback immediately after each guess 
101       about whether their guess appears in the computers word.
102     * After each round, you should also display to the user the 
103       partially guessed word so far, as well as letters that the 
104       user has not yet guessed.
105     Follows the other limitations detailed in the problem write-up.
106     '''
107     # FILL IN YOUR CODE HERE...
108     print "Welcome to the game Hangman!"
109     print "I am thinking of a word that is", len(secretWord), "letters long."
110     print "-------------"
111     lettersGuessed = []
112     mistakesMade = 0
113     availableLetters = string.ascii_lowercase
114 
115     while mistakesMade < 8 and not isWordGuessed(secretWord, lettersGuessed):
116         print "You have", 8 - mistakesMade, "guesses left."
117         print "Available letters:", availableLetters
118         guess = raw_input("Please guess a letter: ").lower()
119 
120         if guess in lettersGuessed:
121             print("Oops! You've already guessed that letter: " +
122                 getGuessedWord(secretWord, lettersGuessed))
123         elif guess in secretWord:
124             lettersGuessed.append(guess)
125             print "Good guess:", getGuessedWord(secretWord, lettersGuessed)
126         else:
127             mistakesMade += 1
128             lettersGuessed.append(guess)
129             print("Oops! That letter is not in my word: " + 
130                 getGuessedWord(secretWord, lettersGuessed))
131 
132         availableLetters = getAvailableLetters(lettersGuessed)
133 
134         print "------------"
135 
136     if isWordGuessed(secretWord, lettersGuessed):
137         print "Congratulations, you won!"
138     else:
139         print("Sorry, you ran out of guesses. The word was " + secretWord + 
140             ".")
141 
142 # When you've completed your hangman function, uncomment these two lines
143 # and run this file to test! (hint: you might want to pick your own
144 # secretWord while you're testing)
145 
146 secretWord = chooseWord(wordlist).lower()
147 hangman(secretWord)