Offline Package Installation I

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-22 08:52:23 发布

转载最新推荐文章于 2024-08-22 08:52:23 发布 · 171 阅读

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原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/chengdol/p/10437673.html

文章标签：

#开发工具 #运维 #数据库

本文详细介绍了在无网络环境下如何下载并安装Ansible、Docker及Kubernetes所需的所有依赖包，包括使用yum-plugin-downloadonly、yumdownloader及repotrack等工具的步骤与技巧。

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When I was working on the upgrade DS k8s installer issue, I ran into the problem that I need to install ansible, docker and kubeadm offline. In the production environment, we may not have internet access, that means we need to prepare the rpms and dependencies needed and create a self-contained installer.

Download missing rpms without installing

Note: This method is (by-design) sensitive to the existence of already-installed packages. It will only download actual dependencies you need for that particular box, not all.

First let's install the yum-plugin-downloadonly:

yum install -y yum-plugin-downloadonly

yum install --downloadonly --downloaddir=<directory> <package:version>

For example, I want to get missing rpms for vim editor, reside them in /root/vim folder

mkdir -p /root/vim
yum install --downloadonly --downloaddir=/root/vim vim

uc?id=1l5sohiuz020QXowIfKddAtIlUyjJWmFl

List the target folder:

uc?id=1o9fPX-boaTBYl7r6y2uzDFePAsLa9G9B

Another way is using yumdownloader that is from yum-utils. The difference is if the package is already installed completely, yumdownloader will download the outermost rpm but --downloadonly will do nothing.

yum install -y yum-utils

yumdownloader --resolve --destdir=/root/vim vim

uc?id=1I_QfnLAWpj-CNKnfZAvF4yKjZ6U8xHET

Download all rpms without installing

yum & yumdownloader

Usually what we really want is to resolve all dependencies and download them, yumdownloader or yum --downloadonly with --installroot option is the solution.

Keep in mind, that yumdownloader will use your yum database when resolving dependencies.

For example if you download bash, which needs glibc, it will resolve glibc and skip it, since it is installed. If you want to download all dependencies, use a different installroot instead.

mkdir -p /root/vim
mkdir -p /root/new_root
yumdownloader --installroot=/root/new_root --destdir=/root/vim/ --resolve vim

Let's check how many ansible related rpms are here, way to many then what we get from the first section methods.

ls -ltr /root/vim | wc -l
57

repotrack

This method can also resolve and download all dependencies, repotrack is from yum-utils, it will down all the dependencies for any architecture by default if it doesn't appear you specified the architecture which could account for the difference in what you see downloaded.

mkdir -p /root/vim
repotrack -p /root/vim vim-enhanced

if you check /root/vim, there are some i686 rpms, once you delete them and count again, 57 the same as we use yumdownloader above.

Note: actually repotrack has -a option to specify arch, but I am not able to figure it out, when I specify x86_64, it still download i686.

Install local rpms

Now the problem is how to install these rpms in correct order, install them one by one is obviously infeasible, the method that can resolve their dependencies and install automatically is welcome:

yum --disablerepo=* --skip-broken install -y /root/vim/*.rpm

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/chengdol/p/10437673.html