显示图像直方图步骤:
1、 点击ResourceView,右键点击Dialog,选Insert Dialog 在属性对话框中将ID改为ID_HIST,对话框名称改为“直方图”
2、 在工具栏中点“插入”-“新建类”,输入类名,并选Base Class为CDialog,Dialog ID为ID_HIST。这样就将对话框和类联系起来了,在该对话框中拖入一Edit控件,将其ID设为IDC_HISTSHOW;
3、 快捷键“Ctrl+W”,出现MFC ClassWizard对话框,在Messages栏中分别选WM_INITDIALOG和WM_Paint,再点击“Add Function”,即将对话框初始化和画图函数加入对话框类之中。
4、 在Hist.h文件“public:”下面输入如下变量定义: LONG m_lCount[256]; char* m_lpDIBBits; LONG m_lWidth; LONG m_lHeight; int m_iIsDraging; CDlgIntensity(CWnd* pParent = NULL);
5、 打开Hist.cpp程序,在CHist::OnInitDialog()函数中“// TODO: Add extra initialization here”前将如下代码拷贝进去: unsigned char* lpSrc; LONG i; LONG j;
6、 在“// TODO: Add extra initialization here”后将如下代码拷贝进去:
CWnd* pWnd=GetDlgItem(IDC_HISTSHOW);
CRect rect;
GetClientRect(rect);
ClientToScreen(&rect);
for(i=0;i<256;i++)
{
m_lCount[i]=0;
}
LONG lLineBytes;
lLineBytes=WIDTHBYTES(m_lWidth*8);
for(i=0;i<m_lHeight;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<m_lWidth;j++)
{
lpSrc=(unsigned char*)m_lpDIBBits+lLineBytes*i+j;
m_lCount[*(lpSrc)]++;
}
}
m_iIsDraging=0;
7、在CHist::OnPaint()函数“CPaintDC dc(this);”前将如下代码拷如其中: CString str; LONG i; LONG lMaxCount=0; LONG m_iLowGray=0; LONG m_iUpGray=255; 在CHist::OnPaint()函数“// TODO: Add your message handler code here”后将如下代码拷如其中:
CWnd* pWnd=GetDlgItem(IDC_ HISTSHOW);
CDC* pDC=pWnd->GetDC();
pWnd->Invalidate();
pWnd->UpdateWindow();
pDC->Rectangle(0,0,330,300);
CPen* pPenRed=new CPen;
pPenRed->CreatePen(PS_SOLID,1,RGB(255,0,0));
CPen* pPenBlue=new CPen;
pPenBlue->CreatePen(PS_SOLID,1,RGB(0,0,255));
CPen* pPenGreen=new CPen;
pPenGreen->CreatePen(PS_SOLID,1,RGB(0,255,0));
CGdiObject* pOldPen=pDC->SelectObject(pPenRed);
pDC->MoveTo(10,10);
pDC->LineTo(10,280);
pDC->LineTo(320,280);
str.Format("0");
pDC->TextOut(10,283,str);
str.Format("50");
pDC->TextOut(60,283,str);
str.Format("100");
pDC->TextOut(110,283,str);
str.Format("150");
pDC->TextOut(160,283,str);
str.Format("200");
pDC->TextOut(210,283,str);
str.Format("255");
pDC->TextOut(265,283,str);
for(i=0;i<256;i+=5)
{
if((i&1)==0)
{
pDC->MoveTo(i+10,280);
pDC->LineTo(i+10,284);
}
else
{
pDC->MoveTo(i+10,280);
pDC->LineTo(i+10,282);
}
}
pDC->MoveTo(315,275);
pDC->LineTo(320,280);
pDC->LineTo(315,285);
pDC->MoveTo(10,10);
pDC->LineTo(5,15);
pDC->MoveTo(10,10);
pDC->LineTo(15,15);
for(i=m_iLowGray;i<=m_iUpGray;i++)
{
if(m_lCount[i]>lMaxCount)
{
lMaxCount=m_lCount[i];
}
}
pDC->MoveTo(10,25);
pDC->LineTo(14,25);
str.Format("%d",lMaxCount);
pDC->TextOut(11,26,str);
pDC->SelectObject(pPenGreen);
pDC->MoveTo(m_iLowGray+10,25);
pDC->LineTo(m_iLowGray+10,280);
pDC->MoveTo(m_iUpGray+10,25);
pDC->LineTo(m_iUpGray+10,280);
pDC->SelectObject(pPenBlue);
if(lMaxCount>0)
{
for(i=m_iLowGray;i<=m_iUpGray;i++)
{
pDC->MoveTo(i+10,280);
pDC->LineTo(i+10,281-(int)(m_lCount[i]*256/lMaxCount));
}
}
pDC->SelectObject(pOldPen);
delete pPenRed;
delete pPenBlue;
delete pPenGreen;
8、点开ResourceView中的Menu,出现IDR_MAINFRAME和 IDR_MY111TYPE,双击IDR_MY111TYPE就出现了程序界面,有文件、编辑、查看、窗口、帮助按钮。点“查看”下面的虚线框右键——点“属性”,输入标题(直方图),和ID(大写英文,如ID_VIEW_HIST),这样就将按钮和程序通过ID联系起来了,点击该按钮,就会执行相应的程序。下面为该按钮添加函数:点Ctrl+W ,出现MFC ClassWizard对话框,选Class name为CMy111View,在Object IDs对应的选项中选中设置的ID(如为ID_VIEW_HIST),在Messages选项中选中COMMAND,然后点击“Add Function”按钮,选默认设置,就为ID_VIEW_HIST添加了相应的函数OnViewHist()。该函数在111View.cpp文件中定义,在函数void CMy111View:: OnViewHist()添加如下代码:
// TODO: Add your command handler code here
CMy111Doc* pDoc=GetDocument();
if(pDoc->m_hDIB==NULL)
{
MessageBox("请先打开一幅256色的BMP图像!","系统提示",MB_ICONINFORMATION|MB_OK);
return;
}
LPSTR lpDIB;
LPSTR lpDIBBits;
lpDIB=(LPSTR)::GlobalLock((HGLOBAL)pDoc->GetHDIB());
lpDIBBits=::FindDIBBits(lpDIB);
if(::DIBNumColors(lpDIB)!=256)
{
MessageBox("目前只支持查看256色位图灰度直方图!","系统提示",MB_ICONINFORMATION|MB_OK);
::GlobalUnlock((HGLOBAL)pDoc->GetHDIB());
return;
}
BeginWaitCursor();
CHist dlgPara;
dlgPara.m_lpDIBBits=lpDIBBits;
dlgPara.m_lWidth=::DIBWidth(lpDIB);
dlgPara.m_lHeight=::DIBHeight(lpDIB);
// dlgPara.m_iLowGray=0;
// dlgPara.m_iUpGray=255;
if(dlgPara.DoModal()!=IDOK)
{
return;
}
::GlobalUnlock((HGLOBAL)pDoc->GetHDIB());
EndWaitCursor();