linux bridge vlan,Linux Bridge vlan filtering

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最新推荐文章于 2025-03-05 22:28:14 发布

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文章标签： linux bridge vlan

本文介绍了Linux Bridge如何支持VLAN过滤功能，通过配置命令行实现VLAN划分，简化网络配置。详细讲解了`bridge vlan`命令的选项，并通过实例展示了如何在Ubuntu上创建Bridge，设置VLAN以及进行互ping验证。

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linux网桥支持vlan filtering过滤功能后，咱们不仔再须要经过子接口的形式进行vlan划分，简化了vlan配置。linux

1. bridge vlan说明

man bridge能够了解到，linux经过以下命令进行vlan filtering的配置：shell

bridge vlan { add | del } dev DEV vid VID [ pvid ] [ untagged ] [ self ] [ master ]

选项说明：ubuntu

pvid：端口的默认vlan，全部从该端口输入的没有携带vlan的报文，会被打上该vlan标签，该选项只对输入报文有效。ui

untagged：端口的untag vlan，输出报文携带该vlan时，会被剥离。code

通常状况下pvid和untagged是同时使用的，对应于cisco的switchport trunk native vlan接口

selfip

masterci

这两个选项在帮助手册上是这么解释的：terminal

self the vlan is configured on the specified physical device. Required if the device is the bridge device.

master the vlan is configured on the software bridge (default).

个人理解是：self表示该vlan是添加再bridge设备上的，并且给桥添加vlan时必须且只能携带该选项，不然会报错：it

ubuntu@VM-126-137-ubuntu:~$ sudo ip link add Bridge up type bridge vlan_filtering 1

ubuntu@VM-126-137-ubuntu:~/bgp-lab$ sudo bridge vlan add vid 100 dev Bridge self

ubuntu@VM-126-137-ubuntu:~/bgp-lab$

ubuntu@VM-126-137-ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan add vid 100 dev Bridge master

RTNETLINK answers: Operation not supported

ubuntu@VM-126-137-ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan add vid 100 dev Bridge

RTNETLINK answers: Operation not supported

ubuntu@VM-126-137-ubuntu:~/$

master表示该vlan是添加再bridge的端口设备上的，该选项是默认的，给桥上的端口添加vlan时能够不指定该参数。

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo ip link del Bridge

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo ip link add Bridge up type bridge vlan_filtering 1

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo ip link set eth1 master Bridge

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan add vid 100 dev Bridge self

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan add vid 100 dev eth1

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan add vid 100 dev eth1 master

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan add vid 100 dev eth1 self

RTNETLINK answers: Operation not supported

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan show

port vlan ids

eth1 1 PVID Egress Untagged

100

Bridge 1 PVID Egress Untagged

100

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$

添加桥时，默认会以 pvid untagged形式添加的默认vlan 1中，不少厂商会把vlan 1做为保留vlan，不容许用户配置。

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo ip link del Bridge

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan show

port vlan ids

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo ip link add Bridge up type bridge vlan_filtering 1

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan show

port vlan ids

Bridge 1 PVID Egress Untagged

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$

端口加入桥时，也会默认以 pvid untagged形式添加的默认vlan 1中，

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo ip link del Bridge

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo ip link add Bridge up type bridge vlan_filtering 1

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo ip link set eth1 master Bridge

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan show

port vlan ids

eth1 1 PVID Egress Untagged

Bridge 1 PVID Egress Untagged

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$

也能够删除默认vlan 1

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan del vid 1 dev enp4s0f0 master

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan show

port vlan ids

enp129s0f0np0

enp129s0f1np1

enp4s0f0 100

Bridge 1 PVID Egress Untagged

100

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan del vid 1 dev Bridge self

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan show

port vlan ids

enp4s0f0 100

Bridge 100

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$

2.实验

88eb40398f3e4e7a9988e6b6.html

2.1 ubuntu配置

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo ip link add Bridge up type bridge vlan_filtering 1

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo ip link set eth1 master Bridge

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan add vid 100 dev Bridge self

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan add vid 100 dev eth1 master

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo ip link add link Bridge name Vlan100 up type vlan id 100

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo ip addr add 10.0.2.1/24 dev Vlan100

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan show

port vlan ids

eth1 1 PVID Egress Untagged

100

Bridge 1 PVID Egress Untagged

100

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$

2.2 交换机配置

SWITCH# exit

SWITCH> enable

SWITCH# show vlan

+-----------+--------------+---------+----------------+-----------------------+

+===========+==============+=========+================+=======================+

+-----------+--------------+---------+----------------+-----------------------+

SWITCH# configure terminal

SWITCH(config)# vlan 100

SWITCH(config)# interface eth25GE 47

SWITCH(config-if)# switchport mode

access trunk

SWITCH(config-if)# switchport mode trunk

SWITCH(config-if)# switchport trunk allowd vlan add 100

SWITCH(config-if)# exit

SWITCH(config)# interface vlan 100

SWITCH(config-if)# ip address 10.0.2.2/24

Add Vlan100 into default VRF

SWITCH(config-if)#

2.3 互ping

SWITCH(config-if)# do ping 10.0.2.1

PING 10.0.2.1 (10.0.2.1) 56(84) bytes of data.

64 bytes from 10.0.2.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.196 ms

64 bytes from 10.0.2.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.219 ms

64 bytes from 10.0.2.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.150 ms

SWITCH(config-if)#

--- 10.0.2.1 ping statistics ---

3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2032ms

rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.150/0.188/0.219/0.030 ms

SWITCH(config-if)#

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ ping 10.0.2.2

PING 10.0.2.2 (10.0.2.2) 56(84) bytes of data.

64 bytes from 10.0.2.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.308 ms

64 bytes from 10.0.2.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.245 ms

64 bytes from 10.0.2.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.262 ms

--- 10.0.2.2 ping statistics ---

3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2031ms

rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.245/0.271/0.308/0.032 ms

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$