列表推导式/列表生成式:
是Python内置的非常简单却强大的快速方便生成列表的方式
格式:
variable= [out_exp for out_exp in input_list ]
variable= [out_exp for out_exp in input_list if out_exp ==2]
out_exp:代表生成的元素
>>> [x * x for x in range(1, 11)]
[1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100]
格式2举例
>>> [x * x for x in range(1, 11) if x % 2 == 0]
[4, 16, 36, 64, 100]
两层循环举例
>>> [m + n for m in 'ABC' for n in 'XYZ']
['AX', 'AY', 'AZ', 'BX', 'BY', 'BZ', 'CX', 'CY', 'CZ']
>>> q = [x+y+z for x in '1234' for y in '1234' for z in '1234' if(x!=y and y!=z and z!=x)]
>>> print q
['123', '124', '132', '134', '142', '143', '213', '214', '231', '234', '241', '243', '312', '314', '321', '324', '341', '342', '412', '413', '421', '423', '431', '432']
列出当前目录下的文件
import os
s = [d for d in os.listdir('.')]
print s
>>> d = {'x': 'A', 'y': 'B', 'z': 'C' }
>>> [k + '=' + v for k, v in d.iteritems()]
['y=B', 'x=A', 'z=C']
list中所有的字符串变成小写:
>>> L = ['Hello', 'World', 'IBM', 'Apple']
>>> [s.lower() for s in L]
['hello', 'world', 'ibm', 'apple']