NFS部署学习

最新推荐文章于 2023-10-11 17:57:01 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-10-11 17:57:01 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/wangruxin222/article/details/109777763

本文介绍了NFS部署的详细步骤。包括显示内核信息，安装依赖包rpcbind，启动rpc和nfs服务并设置开机自启，关闭防火墙。还涉及在虚拟机创建共享目录、添加磁盘、设置分区、格式化及挂载，最后配置nfs共享目录并检验成果。

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NFS部署
显示内核信息：uname -a

[root@localhost ~]# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 19 22:10:57 UTC 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

NFS依赖于RPC
安装依赖包rpcbind

[root@localhost ~]# yum install nfs-utils rpcbind -y
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies

查看nfsnobody用户是否存在

[root@localhost ~]# id nfsnobody
uid=65534(nfsnobody) gid=65534(nfsnobody) groups=65534(nfsnobody)

启动rpc服务并设置为开机自启

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start rpcbind
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable rpcbind

启动nfs服务并设置为开机自启

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start nfs
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable nfs

关闭防火墙及规则

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0

查看rpc端口

[root@localhost ~]# netstat -ntpl
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      18540/rpcbind       
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:20048           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      18594/rpc.mountd    
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:44726           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -                   
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1492/sshd           
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:55159           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      18584/rpc.statd     
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2002/master         
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:2049            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -                   
tcp6       0      0 :::111                  :::*                    LISTEN      18540/rpcbind       
tcp6       0      0 :::20048                :::*                    LISTEN      18594/rpc.mountd    
tcp6       0      0 :::21                   :::*                    LISTEN      18333/vsftpd        
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1492/sshd

以上两台虚拟机都需进行操作
在20节点创建共享目录

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /data

更改共享目录权限

[root@localhost ~]# chown -R nfsnobody.nfsnobody /data
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 755 -R /data

添加磁盘并重启虚拟机

设置磁盘分区

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xfea90052.
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 
First sector (2048-41943039, default 2048): 
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-41943039, default 41943039): +5G
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 5 GiB is set

Command (m for help): W
The partition table has been altered!

格式化分区

[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1

并自动挂载[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/fstab
添加 /dev/sdb1 /data ext4 defaults 0 0
刷新[root@localhost ~]# mount -a
查看挂载是否成功

[root@localhost ~]# df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root   18G  879M   17G   5% /
devtmpfs                 903M     0  903M   0% /dev
tmpfs                    913M     0  913M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    913M  8.6M  904M   1% /run
tmpfs                    913M     0  913M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1                497M  125M  373M  25% /boot
tmpfs                    183M     0  183M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1                4.8G   20M  4.6G   1% /data

配置nfs共享目录

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/exports
/data 192.168.200.0/24(rw,no_root_squash,async)

生效配置与检验

[root@localhost ~]# exportfs -rv
exporting 192.168.200.0/24:/data
[root@localhost ~]# showmount -e localhost
Export list for localhost:
/data 192.168.200.0/24

此处重启后需要再次开启RPC和nfs
检测nfs共享目录创建成果

[root@localhost ~]# showmount -e 192.168.200.20
Export list for 192.168.200.20:
/data 192.168.200.0/24

将data目录挂载到/mnt并查看

[root@localhost ~]# mount -t nfs 192.168.200.20:/data /mnt
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root   18G  879M   17G   5% /
devtmpfs                 903M     0  903M   0% /dev
tmpfs                    913M     0  913M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    913M  8.6M  904M   1% /run
tmpfs                    913M     0  913M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1                497M  125M  373M  25% /boot
tmpfs                    183M     0  183M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0                 4.1G  4.1G     0 100% /opt/cdrom
192.168.200.20:/data     4.8G   20M  4.6G   1% /mnt

显示格式

[root@localhost ~]# df -Th
Filesystem              Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs        18G  879M   17G   5% /
devtmpfs                devtmpfs  903M     0  903M   0% /dev
tmpfs                   tmpfs     913M     0  913M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                   tmpfs     913M  8.6M  904M   1% /run
tmpfs                   tmpfs     913M     0  913M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1               xfs       497M  125M  373M  25% /boot
tmpfs                   tmpfs     183M     0  183M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0                iso9660   4.1G  4.1G     0 100% /opt/cdrom
192.168.200.20:/data    nfs4      4.8G   20M  4.6G   1% /mnt