ajax的使用-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/wangling123s/article/details/120801498

这篇博客展示了如何使用原生JavaScript、jQuery和axios库进行Ajax请求，包括GET和POST方法，同时涉及了请求头的设置及数据序列化。通过对比这三种方式，阐述了它们在实现HTTP请求时的异同。

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1.原生js的使用

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <title>Document</title>
  <script src="../js/qs.js"></script>
  <script>
    const qs = Qs
    const baseUrl = 'http://39.23.46.113:8888'
    const queryData = {
      page: 1,
      pageSize: 10
    }
    const loginData = {
      username: 'admin1',
      password: 123321
    }
    const applyData = {
      name: 'tom',
      age: 12,
      telephone: 13455667788,
      gender: 'male'
    }

    // 1.实例化http请求对象
    let xhr = new XMLHttpRequest()

    // 2.打开连接，设置请求的配置参数
    // xhr.open('get', baseUrl + '/index/category/findAll')
    // const qsData = qs.stringify(queryData)
    // xhr.open('get', baseUrl + '/index/article/pageQuery' + '?' + qsData)
    // xhr.open('post', baseUrl + '/user/login')
    // xhr.setRequestHeader(
    //   'Content-Type',
    //   'application/json'
    // )
    xhr.open('post', baseUrl + '/user/login')
    xhr.setRequestHeader(
      'Content-Type',
      'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
    )

    // 3.发送请求并且配置请求体中的参数
    // xhr.send(JSON.stringify(loginData))
    xhr.send(qs.stringify(applyData))

    // 4.监听http连接状态的改变，获取响应
    xhr.onreadystatechange = () => {
      if (xhr.readyState == 4 && xhr.status == 200) {
        console.log(JSON.parse(xhr.response));
      }
    }
  </script>
</head>

<body>

</body>

</html>

2.jQuery封装的ajax

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <title>Document</title>
  <script src="../js/jquery.js"></script>
  <script src="../js/qs.js"></script>
  <script>
    const qs = Qs
    const baseUrl = 'http://39.23.46.113:8888'
    const queryData = {
      page: 1,
      pageSize: 10
    }
    const loginData = {
      username: 'admin1',
      password: 123321
    }
    const applyData = {
      name: 'tom',
      age: 12,
      telephone: 13455667788,
      gender: 'male'
    }

    $.ajax({
      url: baseUrl + '/index/category/findAll',
      method: 'get',
      success(res) {
        console.log(res);
      },
      error(error) {
        console.log(error);
      }
    })
    $.ajax({
      url: baseUrl + '/user/login',
      method: 'post',
      headers: {
        'Content-Type': 'application/json'
      },
      data: JSON.stringify(loginData),
      success(res) {
        console.log(res);
      },
      error(error) {
        console.log(error);
      }
    })
  </script>
</head>

<body>

</body>

</html>

3.axios封装的ajax

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <title>Document</title>
  <script src="../js/axios.js"></script>
  <script src="../js/qs.js"></script>
  <script>
    const qs = Qs
    const baseUrl = 'http://39.23.46.113:8888'
    const queryData = {
      page: 1,
      pageSize: 10
    }
    const loginData = {
      username: 'admin1',
      password: 123321
    }
    const applyData = {
      name: 'tom',
      age: 12,
      telephone: 13455667788,
      gender: 'male'
    }

    axios({
      baseURL: 'http://39.23.46.113:8888',
      url: '/user/login',
      method: 'post',
      data: loginData
    }).then(res => {
      console.log(res);
    }).catch(error => {
      console.log(error);
    })

    axios({
      baseURL: 'http://39.23.46.113:8888',
      url: '/user/login',
      method: 'post',
      headers: {
        'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
      },
      data: qs.stringify(loginData)
    })

    axios({
      baseURL: 'http://47.94.46.113:8888',
      url: '/user/login',
      method: 'get',
      params: {
        page: 1,
        pageSize: 10
      }
    })
  </script>
</head>

<body>

</body>

</html>