一起来学SpringBoot（十六）优雅的整合Shiro

最新推荐文章于 2025-02-18 22:06:35 发布

wangliang369

最新推荐文章于 2025-02-18 22:06:35 发布

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Apache Shiro是一个功能强大且易于使用的Java安全框架，可执行身份验证，授权，加密和会话管理。借助Shiro易于理解的API，您可以快速轻松地保护任何应用程序 - 从最小的移动应用程序到最大的Web和企业应用程序。网上找到大部分文章都是以前SpringMVC下的整合方式，很多人都不知道shiro提供了官方的starter可以方便地跟SpringBoot整合。

请看shiro官网关于springboot整合shiro的链接：Integrating Apache Shiro into Spring-Boot Applications

整合准备

这篇文档的介绍也相当简单。我们只需要按照文档说明，然后在spring容器中注入一个我们自定义的Realm，shiro通过这个realm就可以知道如何获取用户信息来处理鉴权（Authentication），如何获取用户角色、权限信息来处理授权（Authorization）。如果是web应用程序的话需要引入shiro-spring-boot-web-starter，单独的应用程序的话则引入shiro-spring-boot-starter。

依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
    <artifactId>shiro-spring-boot-web-starter</artifactId>
    <version>1.4.0-RC2</version>
</dependency>

  
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用户实体

首先创建一个用户的实体，用来做认证

package com.maoxs.pojo;

import lombok.Data;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

@Data
public class User implements Serializable {
private Long uid; // 用户id
private String uname; // 登录名，不可改
private String nick; // 用户昵称，可改
private String pwd; // 已加密的登录密码
private String salt; // 加密盐值
private Date created; // 创建时间
private Date updated; // 修改时间
private Set<String> roles = new HashSet<>(); //用户所有角色值，用于shiro做角色权限的判断
private Set<String> perms = new HashSet<>(); //用户所有权限值，用于shiro做资源权限的判断
}

这里了为了方便，就不去数据库读取了，方便测试我们把，权限信息，角色信息，认证信息都静态模拟下。

Resources

package com.maoxs.service;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

@Service
public class ResourcesService {
/**
* 模拟根据用户id查询返回用户的所有权限
*
* @param uid
* @return
*/
public Set<String> getResourcesByUserId(Long uid) {
Set<String> perms = new HashSet<>();
//三种编程语言代表三种角色：js程序员、java程序员、c++程序员
//docker的权限
perms.add(“docker:run”);
perms.add(“docker:ps”);
//maven的权限
perms.add(“mvn:debug”);
perms.add(“mvn:test”);
perms.add(“mvn:install”);
//node的权限
perms.add(“npm:clean”);
perms.add(“npm:run”);
perms.add(“npm:test”);
return perms;
}

}

Role

package com.maoxs.service;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

@Service
public class RoleService {

<span class="token comment">/**
 * 模拟根据用户id查询返回用户的所有角色
 *
 * @param uid
 * @return
 */</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> Set<span class="token generics function"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>String<span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span> <span class="token function">getRolesByUserId</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Long uid<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    Set<span class="token generics function"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>String<span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span> roles <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">HashSet</span><span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token comment">//这里用三个工具代表角色</span>
    roles<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"docker"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    roles<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"maven"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    roles<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"node"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> roles<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

User

package com.maoxs.service;

import com.maoxs.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Random;

@Service
public class UserService {

<span class="token comment">/**
 * 模拟查询返回用户信息
 *
 * @param uname
 * @return
 */</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> User <span class="token function">findUserByName</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>String uname<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    User user <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">User</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    user<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setUname</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>uname<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    user<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setNick</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>uname <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token string">"NICK"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    user<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setPwd</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"J/ms7qTJtqmysekuY8/v1TAS+VKqXdH5sB7ulXZOWho="</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">//密码明文是123456</span>
    user<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setSalt</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"wxKYXuTPST5SG0jMQzVPsg=="</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">//加密密码的盐值</span>
    user<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setUid</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Random</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nextLong</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">//随机分配一个id</span>
    user<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setCreated</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Date</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> user<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

认证

Shiro 从从Realm获取安全数据（如用户、角色、权限），就是说SecurityManager要验证用户身份，那么它需要从Realm获取相应的用户进行比较以确定用户身份是否合法；也需要从Realm得到用户相应的角色/权限进行验证用户是否能进行操作；可以把Realm看成DataSource ，即安全数据源。

Realm

package com.maoxs.realm;

import com.maoxs.cache.MySimpleByteSource;
import com.maoxs.pojo.User;
import com.maoxs.service.ResourcesService;
import com.maoxs.service.RoleService;
import com.maoxs.service.UserService;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.credential.HashedCredentialsMatcher;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.crypto.hash.Sha256Hash;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import java.util.Set;

/**

这个类是参照JDBCRealm写的，主要是自定义了如何查询用户信息，如何查询用户的角色和权限，如何校验密码等逻辑
*/
public class CustomRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {

@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@Autowired
private RoleService roleService;
@Autowired
private ResourcesService resourcesService;

//告诉shiro如何根据获取到的用户信息中的密码和盐值来校验密码
{
//设置用于匹配密码的CredentialsMatcher
HashedCredentialsMatcher hashMatcher = new HashedCredentialsMatcher();
hashMatcher.setHashAlgorithmName(Sha256Hash.ALGORITHM_NAME);
hashMatcher.setStoredCredentialsHexEncoded(false);
hashMatcher.setHashIterations(1024);
this.setCredentialsMatcher(hashMatcher);
}

//定义如何获取用户的角色和权限的逻辑，给shiro做权限判断
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) {
//null usernames are invalid
if (principals == null) {
throw new AuthorizationException(“PrincipalCollection method argument cannot be null.”);
}
User user = (User) getAvailablePrincipal(principals);
SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
System.out.println(“获取角色信息：” + user.getRoles());
System.out.println(“获取权限信息：” + user.getPerms());
info.setRoles(user.getRoles());
info.setStringPermissions(user.getPerms());
return info;
}

//定义如何获取用户信息的业务逻辑，给shiro做登录
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {
UsernamePasswordToken upToken = (UsernamePasswordToken) token;
String username = upToken.getUsername();
// Null username is invalid
if (username null) {
throw new AccountException(“请输入用户名”);
}
User userDB = userService.findUserByName(username);
if (userDB null) {
throw new UnknownAccountException(“用户不存在”);
}
//查询用户的角色和权限存到SimpleAuthenticationInfo中，这样在其它地方
//SecurityUtils.getSubject().getPrincipal()就能拿出用户的所有信息，包括角色和权限
Set<String> roles = roleService.getRolesByUserId(userDB.getUid());
Set<String> perms = resourcesService.getResourcesByUserId(userDB.getUid());
userDB.getRoles().addAll(roles);
userDB.getPerms().addAll(perms);
SimpleAuthenticationInfo info = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(userDB, userDB.getPwd(), getName());
if (userDB.getSalt() != null) {
info.setCredentialsSalt(ByteSource.Util.bytes(userDB.getSalt()));
}
return info;
}

}

yml

这里要说明下由于我们引入的是shiro-spring-boot-web-starter，官方对配置进行了一系列的简化，并加入了一些自动配置项，所以我们要在yml中加入

shiro:
  web:
    enabled: true
  loginUrl: /login

 
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除此之外呢还有这些属性

键	默认值	描述
shiro.enabled	`true`	启用Shiro的Spring模块
shiro.web.enabled	`true`	启用Shiro的Spring Web模块
shiro.annotations.enabled	`true`	为Shiro的注释启用Spring支持
shiro.sessionManager.deleteInvalidSessions	`true`	从会话存储中删除无效会话
shiro.sessionManager.sessionIdCookieEnabled	`true`	启用会话ID到cookie，用于会话跟踪
shiro.sessionManager.sessionIdUrlRewritingEnabled	`true`	启用会话URL重写支持
shiro.userNativeSessionManager	`false`	如果启用，Shiro将管理HTTP会话而不是容器
shiro.sessionManager.cookie.name	`JSESSIONID`	会话cookie名称
shiro.sessionManager.cookie.maxAge	`-1`	会话cookie最大年龄
shiro.sessionManager.cookie.domain	空值	会话cookie域
shiro.sessionManager.cookie.path	空值	会话cookie路径
shiro.sessionManager.cookie.secure	`false`	会话cookie安全标志
shiro.rememberMeManager.cookie.name	`rememberMe`	RememberMe cookie名称
shiro.rememberMeManager.cookie.maxAge	一年	RememberMe cookie最大年龄
shiro.rememberMeManager.cookie.domain	空值	RememberMe cookie域名
shiro.rememberMeManager.cookie.path	空值	RememberMe cookie路径
shiro.rememberMeManager.cookie.secure	`false`	RememberMe cookie安全标志
shiro.loginUrl	`/login.jsp`	未经身份验证的用户重定向到登录页面时使用的登录URL
shiro.successUrl	`/`	用户登录后的默认登录页面（如果在当前会话中找不到替代）
shiro.unauthorizedUrl	空值	页面将用户重定向到未授权的位置（403页）

在Controller中添加登录方法

@RequestMapping(value = "/login", method = RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
public Result login(@RequestParam("username") String userName, @RequestParam("password") String Password) throws Exception {
    Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
    UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(userName, Password);
    token.setRememberMe(true);// 默认不记住密码
    try {
        currentUser.login(token); //登录
        log.info("==========登录成功=======");
        return new Result(true, "登录成功");
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">UnknownAccountException</span> e<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    log<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"==========用户名不存在======="</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"用户名不存在"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">DisabledAccountException</span> e<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    log<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"==========您的账户已经被冻结======="</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"您的账户已经被冻结"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">IncorrectCredentialsException</span> e<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    log<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"==========密码错误======="</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"密码错误"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ExcessiveAttemptsException</span> e<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    log<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"==========您错误的次数太多了吧,封你半小时======="</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"您错误的次数太多了吧,封你半小时"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">RuntimeException</span> e<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    log<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"==========运行异常======="</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"运行异常"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}
@RequestMapping("/logout")
public String logOut() {
Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
subject.logout();
return “index”;
}

这样就实现了整合认证的流程，，如果token信息与数据库表总username和password数据一致，则该用户身份认证成功。

鉴权

只用注解控制鉴权授权

使用注解的优点是控制的粒度细，并且非常适合用来做基于资源的权限控制。

只用注解的话非常简单。我们只需要使用url配置配置一下所以请求路径都可以匿名访问：

@Bean
public ShiroFilterChainDefinition shiroFilterChainDefinition() {
	DefaultShiroFilterChainDefinition chain = new DefaultShiroFilterChainDefinition();
    //这里配置所有请求路径都可以匿名访问
    chain.addPathDefinition("/**", "anon");
    // 这另一种配置方式。但是还是用上面那种吧，容易理解一点。
    // chainDefinition.addPathDefinition("/**", "authcBasic[permissive]");
    return chain;
}

 
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然后在控制器类上使用shiro提供的种注解来做控制：

注解	功能
@RequiresGuest	只有游客可以访问
@RequiresAuthentication	需要登录才能访问
@RequiresUser	已登录的用户或“记住我”的用户能访问
@RequiresRoles	已登录的用户需具有指定的角色才能访问
@RequiresPermissions	已登录的用户需具有指定的权限才能访问

示例

@RestController
public class Test1Controller {
    // 由于TestController类上没有加@RequiresAuthentication注解，
    // 不要求用户登录才能调用接口。所以hello()和a1()接口都是可以匿名访问的
    @GetMapping("/hello")
    public String hello() {
        return "hello spring boot";
    }
<span class="token comment">// 游客可访问，这个有点坑，游客的意思是指：subject.getPrincipal()==null</span>
<span class="token comment">// 所以用户在未登录时subject.getPrincipal()==null，接口可访问</span>
<span class="token comment">// 而用户登录后subject.getPrincipal()！=null，接口不可访问</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@RequiresGuest</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@GetMapping</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"/guest"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> String <span class="token function">guest</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">"@RequiresGuest"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">// 已登录用户才能访问，这个注解比@RequiresUser更严格</span>
<span class="token comment">// 如果用户未登录调用该接口，会抛出UnauthenticatedException</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@RequiresAuthentication</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@GetMapping</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"/authn"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> String <span class="token function">authn</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">"@RequiresAuthentication"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">// 已登录用户或“记住我”的用户可以访问</span>
<span class="token comment">// 如果用户未登录或不是“记住我”的用户调用该接口，UnauthenticatedException</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@RequiresUser</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@GetMapping</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"/user"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> String <span class="token function">user</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">"@RequiresUser"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">// 要求登录的用户具有mvn:build权限才能访问</span>
<span class="token comment">// 由于UserService模拟返回的用户信息中有该权限，所以这个接口可以访问</span>
<span class="token comment">// 如果没有登录，UnauthenticatedException</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@RequiresPermissions</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mvn:install"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@GetMapping</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"/mvnInstall"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> String <span class="token function">mvnInstall</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">"mvn:install"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">// 要求登录的用户具有mvn:build权限才能访问</span>
<span class="token comment">// 由于UserService模拟返回的用户信息中【没有】该权限，所以这个接口【不可以】访问</span>
<span class="token comment">// 如果没有登录，UnauthenticatedException</span>
<span class="token comment">// 如果登录了，但是没有这个权限，会报错UnauthorizedException</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@RequiresPermissions</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"gradleBuild"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@GetMapping</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"/gradleBuild"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> String <span class="token function">gradleBuild</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">"gradleBuild"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">// 要求登录的用户具有js角色才能访问</span>
<span class="token comment">// 由于UserService模拟返回的用户信息中有该角色，所以这个接口可访问</span>
<span class="token comment">// 如果没有登录，UnauthenticatedException</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@RequiresRoles</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"docker"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@GetMapping</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"/docker"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> String <span class="token function">docker</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">"docker programmer"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">// 要求登录的用户具有js角色才能访问</span>
<span class="token comment">// 由于UserService模拟返回的用户信息中有该角色，所以这个接口可访问</span>
<span class="token comment">// 如果没有登录，UnauthenticatedException</span>
<span class="token comment">// 如果登录了，但是没有该角色，会抛出UnauthorizedException</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@RequiresRoles</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"python"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@GetMapping</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"/python"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> String <span class="token function">python</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">"python programmer"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

注意解决spring aop和注解配置一起使用的bug。如果您在使用shiro注解配置的同时，引入了spring aop的starter，会有一个奇怪的问题，导致shiro注解的请求，不能被映射，需加入以下配置：

/**
* setUsePrefix(false)用于解决一个奇怪的bug。在引入spring aop的情况下。
* 在@Controller注解的类的方法中加入@RequiresRole等shiro注解，会导致该方法无法映射请求，
* 导致返回404。加入这项配置能解决这个bug
*/
@Bean
@DependsOn("lifecycleBeanPostProcessor")
public static DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator getDefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator(){
        DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator defaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator=new DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator();
        defaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.setUsePrefix(true);
        return defaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator;
}

 
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只用url配置控制鉴权授权

shiro提供和多个默认的过滤器，我们可以用这些过滤器来配置控制指定url的权限：

配置缩写	对应的过滤器	功能
anon	AnonymousFilter	指定url可以匿名访问
authc	FormAuthenticationFilter	指定url需要form表单登录，默认会从请求中获取`username`、`password`,`rememberMe`等参数并尝试登录，如果登录不了就会跳转到loginUrl配置的路径。我们也可以用这个过滤器做默认的登录逻辑，但是一般都是我们自己在控制器写登录逻辑的，自己写的话出错返回的信息都可以定制嘛。
authcBasic	BasicHttpAuthenticationFilter	指定url需要basic登录
logout	LogoutFilter	登出过滤器，配置指定url就可以实现退出功能，非常方便
noSessionCreation	NoSessionCreationFilter	禁止创建会话
perms	PermissionsAuthorizationFilter	需要指定权限才能访问
port	PortFilter	需要指定端口才能访问
rest	HttpMethodPermissionFilter	将http请求方法转化成相应的动词来构造一个权限字符串，这个感觉意义不大，有兴趣自己看源码的注释
roles	RolesAuthorizationFilter	需要指定角色才能访问
ssl	SslFilter	需要https请求才能访问
user	UserFilter	需要已登录或“记住我”的用户才能访问

在spring容器中使用ShiroFilterChainDefinition来控制所有url的鉴权和授权。优点是配置粒度大，对多个Controller做鉴权授权的控制。下面是栗子

@Bean
public ShiroFilterChainDefinition shiroFilterChainDefinition() {
    DefaultShiroFilterChainDefinition chain = new DefaultShiroFilterChainDefinition();
    /**
    * 这里小心踩坑！我在application.yml中设置的context-path: /api/v1
    * 但经过实际测试，过滤器的过滤路径，是context-path下的路径，无需加上"/api/v1"前缀
     */
    //访问控制
    chain.addPathDefinition("/user/login", "anon");//可以匿名访问
    chain.addPathDefinition("/page/401", "anon");//可以匿名访问
    chain.addPathDefinition("/page/403", "anon");//可以匿名访问
    chain.addPathDefinition("/my/hello", "anon");//可以匿名访问
    chain.addPathDefinition("/my/changePwd", "authc");//需要登录
    chain.addPathDefinition("/my/user", "user");//已登录或“记住我”的用户可以访问
    chain.addPathDefinition("/my/mvnBuild", "authc,perms[mvn:install]");//需要mvn:build权限
    chain.addPathDefinition("/my/npmClean", "authc,perms[npm:clean]");//需要npm:clean权限
    chain.addPathDefinition("/my/docker", "authc,roles[docker]");//需要js角色
    chain.addPathDefinition("/my/python", "authc,roles[python]");//需要python角色
    // shiro 提供的登出过滤器，访问指定的请求，就会执行登录，默认跳转路径是"/"，或者是"shiro.loginUrl"配置的内容
    // 由于application-shiro.yml中配置了 shiro:loginUrl: /page/401，返回会返回对应的json内容
    // 可以结合/user/login和/t1/js接口来测试这个/t4/logout接口是否有效
    chain.addPathDefinition("/logout", "anon,logout");
    //其它路径均需要登录
    chain.addPathDefinition("/**", "authc");
    return chain;
}

二者结合，url配置控制鉴权，注解控制授权

就个人而言，我是非常喜欢注解方式的。但是两种配置方式灵活结合，才是适应不同应用场景的最佳实践。只用注解或只用url配置，会带来一些比较累的工作。用url配置控制鉴权，实现粗粒度控制；用注解控制授权，实现细粒度控制。下面是示例:

/**
 * 这里统一做鉴权，即判断哪些请求路径需要用户登录，哪些请求路径不需要用户登录。
 * 这里只做鉴权，不做权限控制，因为权限用注解来做。
 * @return
 */
@Bean
public ShiroFilterChainDefinition shiroFilterChainDefinition() {
    DefaultShiroFilterChainDefinition chain = new DefaultShiroFilterChainDefinition();
    //哪些请求可以匿名访问
    chain.addPathDefinition("/user/login", "anon");
    chain.addPathDefinition("/page/401", "anon");
    chain.addPathDefinition("/page/403", "anon");
    chain.addPathDefinition("/hello", "anon");
    chain.addPathDefinition("/guest", "anon");
    //除了以上的请求外，其它请求都需要登录
    chain.addPathDefinition("/**", "authc");
    return chain;
}

 
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@RestController
public class Test5Controller {
<span class="token comment">// 由于ShiroConfig中配置了该路径可以匿名访问，所以这接口不需要登录就能访问</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@GetMapping</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"/hello"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> String <span class="token function">hello</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">"hello spring boot"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">// 如果ShiroConfig中没有配置该路径可以匿名访问，所以直接被登录过滤了。</span>
<span class="token comment">// 如果配置了可以匿名访问，那这里在没有登录的时候可以访问，但是用户登录后就不能访问</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@RequiresGuest</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@GetMapping</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"/guest"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> String <span class="token function">guest</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">"@RequiresGuest"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token annotation punctuation">@RequiresAuthentication</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@GetMapping</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"/authn"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> String <span class="token function">authn</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">"@RequiresAuthentication"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token annotation punctuation">@RequiresUser</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@GetMapping</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"/user"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> String <span class="token function">user</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">"@RequiresUser"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token annotation punctuation">@RequiresPermissions</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mvn:install"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@GetMapping</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"/mvnInstall"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> String <span class="token function">mvnInstall</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">"mvn:install"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token annotation punctuation">@RequiresPermissions</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"gradleBuild"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@GetMapping</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"/gradleBuild"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> String <span class="token function">gradleBuild</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">"gradleBuild"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token annotation punctuation">@RequiresRoles</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"python"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@GetMapping</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"/python"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> String <span class="token function">python</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">"python programmer"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

记住我

记住我功能在各大网站是比较常见的，实现起来也是大同小异，主要就是利用cookie来实现，而shiro对记住我功能的实现也是比较简单的，只需要几步即可。

首先呢配置下Cookie的生成模版，配置下cookie的name，cookie的有效时间等等。

@Bean
public SimpleCookie rememberMeCookie() {
    //System.out.println("ShiroConfiguration.rememberMeCookie()");
    //这个参数是cookie的名称，对应前端的checkbox的name = rememberMe
    SimpleCookie simpleCookie = new SimpleCookie("rememberMe");
    //<!-- 记住我cookie生效时间30天 ,单位秒;-->
    simpleCookie.setMaxAge(259200);
    return simpleCookie;
}

然后呢配置rememberMeManager

@Bean
public CookieRememberMeManager rememberMeManager() {
    //System.out.println("ShiroConfiguration.rememberMeManager()");
    CookieRememberMeManager cookieRememberMeManager = new CookieRememberMeManager();
    cookieRememberMeManager.setCookie(rememberMeCookie());
    //rememberMe cookie加密的密钥 建议每个项目都不一样 默认AES算法 密钥长度(128 256 512 位)
    cookieRememberMeManager.setCipherKey(Base64.decode("2AvVhdsgUs0FSA3SDFAdag=="));
    return cookieRememberMeManager;
}

 
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rememberMeManager()方法是生成rememberMe管理器，而且要将这个rememberMe管理器设置到securityManager中。

@Bean
public DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager() {
    DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
    securityManager.setRealm(customRealm(redisCacheManager));
    securityManager.setRememberMeManager(rememberMeManager());
    return securityManager;
}

好了记住我功能就到这里了，不过要记住一点，如果使用了authc的过滤的url的是不能使用记住我功能的，切记，至于什么原因，很好理解。有一些操作你是不需要别人在记住我功能下完成的，这样很不安全，所以shiro规定记住我功能最多得user级别的，不能到authc级别。

启用缓存

Shiro提供了类似Spring的Cache抽象，即Shiro本身不实现Cache，但是对Cache进行了又抽象，方便更换不同的底层Cache实现。对应前端的一个页面访问请求会同时出现很多的权限查询操作，这对于权限信息变化不是很频繁的场景，每次前端页面访问都进行大量的权限数据库查询是非常不经济的。因此，非常有必要对权限数据使用缓存方案。

由于Spring和Shiro都各自维护了自己的Cache抽象，为防止Realm注入的service里缓存注解和事务注解失效，所以定义自己的CacheManager处理缓存。

整合Redis

CacheManager代码如下。

package com.maoxs.cache;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.shiro.cache.Cache;
import org.apache.shiro.cache.CacheException;
import org.apache.shiro.cache.CacheManager;
import org.apache.shiro.util.Destroyable;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Set;

public class ShiroRedisCacheManager implements CacheManager, Destroyable {
private RedisCacheManager cacheManager;

<span class="token keyword">public</span> RedisCacheManager <span class="token function">getCacheManager</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> cacheManager<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">setCacheManager</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>RedisCacheManager cacheManager<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>cacheManager <span class="token operator">=</span> cacheManager<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">//为了个性化配置redis存储时的key，我们选择了加前缀的方式，所以写了一个带名字及redis操作的构造函数的Cache类</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token generics function"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>K<span class="token punctuation">,</span> V<span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span> Cache<span class="token generics function"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>K<span class="token punctuation">,</span> V<span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span> <span class="token function">getCache</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>String name<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throws</span> CacheException <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>name <span class="token operator">==</span> null<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">return</span> null<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">ShiroRedisCache</span><span class="token generics function"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>K<span class="token punctuation">,</span> V<span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>name<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token function">getCacheManager</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">destroy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throws</span> Exception <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    cacheManager <span class="token operator">=</span> null<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">/**
* &lt;p&gt; 自定义缓存 将数据存入到redis中 &lt;/p&gt;
*
* @param &lt;K&gt;
* @param &lt;V&gt;
* @author xxx
* @date 2018年2月1日
* @time 22:32:11
*/</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Slf4j</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">ShiroRedisCache</span><span class="token generics function"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>K<span class="token punctuation">,</span> V<span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span> <span class="token keyword">implements</span> <span class="token class-name">org<span class="token punctuation">.</span>apache<span class="token punctuation">.</span>shiro<span class="token punctuation">.</span>cache<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Cache</span><span class="token generics function"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>K<span class="token punctuation">,</span> V<span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">private</span> RedisCacheManager cacheManager<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">private</span> org<span class="token punctuation">.</span>springframework<span class="token punctuation">.</span>cache<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Cache cache<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token comment">//    private RedisCache cache2;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token function">ShiroRedisCache</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>String name<span class="token punctuation">,</span> RedisCacheManager cacheManager<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>name <span class="token operator">==</span> null <span class="token operator">||</span> cacheManager <span class="token operator">==</span> null<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
            <span class="token keyword">throw</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">IllegalArgumentException</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"cacheManager or CacheName cannot be null."</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
        <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>cacheManager <span class="token operator">=</span> cacheManager<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token comment">//这里首先是从父类中获取这个cache,如果没有会创建一个redisCache,初始化这个redisCache的时候</span>
        <span class="token comment">//会设置它的过期时间如果没有配置过这个缓存的，那么默认的缓存时间是为0的，如果配置了，就会把配置的时间赋予给这个RedisCache</span>
        <span class="token comment">//如果从缓存的过期时间为0，就表示这个RedisCache不存在了，这个redisCache实现了spring中的cache</span>
        <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>cache <span class="token operator">=</span> cacheManager<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getCache</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>name<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> V <span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>K key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throws</span> CacheException <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        log<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"从缓存中获取key为{}的缓存信息"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>key <span class="token operator">==</span> null<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
            <span class="token keyword">return</span> null<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
        org<span class="token punctuation">.</span>springframework<span class="token punctuation">.</span>cache<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Cache<span class="token punctuation">.</span>ValueWrapper valueWrapper <span class="token operator">=</span> cache<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>valueWrapper <span class="token operator">==</span> null<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
            <span class="token keyword">return</span> null<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
        <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>V<span class="token punctuation">)</span> valueWrapper<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> V <span class="token function">put</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>K key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> V value<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throws</span> CacheException <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        log<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"创建新的缓存，信息为：{}={}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        cache<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">put</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> V <span class="token function">remove</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>K key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throws</span> CacheException <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        log<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"干掉key为{}的缓存"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        V v <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        cache<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">evict</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">//干掉这个名字为key的缓存</span>
        <span class="token keyword">return</span> v<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">clear</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throws</span> CacheException <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        log<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"清空所有的缓存"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        cache<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clear</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">size</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">return</span> cacheManager<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getCacheNames</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">size</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token comment">/**
     * 获取缓存中所的key值
     */</span>
    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> Set<span class="token generics function"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>K<span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span> <span class="token function">keys</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>Set<span class="token generics function"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>K<span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> cacheManager<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getCacheNames</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token comment">/**
     * 获取缓存中所有的values值
     */</span>
    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> Collection<span class="token generics function"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>V<span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span> <span class="token function">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>Collection<span class="token generics function"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>V<span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> cache<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>cacheManager<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getCacheNames</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> String <span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">"ShiroSpringCache [cache="</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> cache <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token string">"]"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

然后呢就是把这个CacheManager注入到securityManager中

@Bean
public RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
    RedisTemplate<Object, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();
    template.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
    //使用Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer来序列化和反序列化redis的value值（默认使用JDK的序列化方式）
    Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer serializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);
    ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
    mapper.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
    mapper.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
    serializer.setObjectMapper(mapper);
    template.setValueSerializer(serializer);
    //使用StringRedisSerializer来序列化和反序列化redis的key值
    template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
    template.afterPropertiesSet();
    return template;
}
/**
* Spring缓存管理器配置
*
* @param redisTemplate
* @return
*/
@Bean
public RedisCacheManager redisCacheManager(RedisTemplate redisTemplate) {
    CollectionSerializer<Serializable> collectionSerializer = CollectionSerializer.getInstance();
    RedisCacheWriter redisCacheWriter = RedisCacheWriter.nonLockingRedisCacheWriter(redisTemplate.getConnectionFactory());
    RedisCacheConfiguration redisCacheConfiguration = RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig()
        .entryTtl(Duration.ofHours(1))
        .serializeValuesWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(collectionSerializer));
    return new RedisCacheManager(redisCacheWriter, redisCacheConfiguration);
}
/**
* shiro缓存管理器的配置
*
* @param redisCacheManager
* @return
*/
@Bean
public ShiroRedisCacheManager shiroRedisCacheManager(RedisCacheManager redisCacheManager) {
    ShiroRedisCacheManager cacheManager = new ShiroRedisCacheManager();
    cacheManager.setCacheManager(redisCacheManager);
    //name是key的前缀，可以设置任何值，无影响，可以设置带项目特色的值
    return cacheManager;
}

 
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相对应的Realm和securityManager也要稍做更改

@Bean
public CustomRealm customRealm(RedisCacheManager redisCacheManager) {
    CustomRealm realm = new CustomRealm();
    realm.setCachingEnabled(true);
    //设置认证密码算法及迭代复杂度
    //realm.setCredentialsMatcher(credentialsMatcher());
    //认证
    realm.setCacheManager(shiroRedisCacheManager(redisCacheManager));
    realm.setAuthenticationCachingEnabled(true);
    //授权
    realm.setAuthorizationCachingEnabled(true);
    //这里主要是缓存key的名字
    realm.setAuthenticationCacheName("fulinauthen");
    realm.setAuthenticationCacheName("fulinauthor");
    return realm;
}
@Bean
public DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager(RedisCacheManager redisCacheManager) {
    DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
    securityManager.setRealm(customRealm(redisCacheManager));
    securityManager.setCacheManager(shiroRedisCacheManager(redisCacheManager));
    securityManager.setRememberMeManager(rememberMeManager());
    return securityManager;
}

 
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这样的话每次认证的时候就会把权限信息放入redis中，就不用反复的去查询数据库了。

注意

Realm里注入的UserService等service，需要延迟注入，所以都要添加@Lazy注解(如果不加需要自己延迟注入)，否则会导致该service里的@Cacheable缓存注解、@Transactional事务注解等失效。

整合的时候应该会有人遇到不能序列化的问题吧,原因是因为用了Shiro的SimpleAuthenticationInfo中的setCredentialsSalt注入的属性ByteSource没有实现序列化接口，此时呢只用把源码一贴，实现下序列化接口即可

package com.maoxs.cache;

import org.apache.shiro.codec.Base64;
import org.apache.shiro.codec.CodecSupport;
import org.apache.shiro.codec.Hex;
import org.apache.shiro.util.ByteSource;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Arrays;

/**

解决ByteSource 序列化问题
*/
public class MySimpleByteSource implements ByteSource, Serializable {
private byte[] bytes;
private String cachedHex;
private String cachedBase64;

public MySimpleByteSource() {
}

public MySimpleByteSource(byte[] bytes) {
this.bytes = bytes;
}

public MySimpleByteSource(char[] chars) {
this.bytes = CodecSupport.toBytes(chars);
}

public MySimpleByteSource(String string) {
this.bytes = CodecSupport.toBytes(string);
}

public MySimpleByteSource(ByteSource source) {
this.bytes = source.getBytes();
}

public MySimpleByteSource(File file) {
this.bytes = (new MySimpleByteSource.BytesHelper()).getBytes(file);
}

public MySimpleByteSource(InputStream stream) {
this.bytes = (new MySimpleByteSource.BytesHelper()).getBytes(stream);
}

public static boolean isCompatible(Object o) {
return o instanceof byte[] || o instanceof char[] || o instanceof String || o instanceof ByteSource || o instanceof File || o instanceof InputStream;
}

public byte[] getBytes() {
return this.bytes;
}

public boolean isEmpty() {
return this.bytes null || this.bytes.length 0;
}

public String toHex() {
if (this.cachedHex == null) {
this.cachedHex = Hex.encodeToString(this.getBytes());
}
```
 return this.cachedHex;
```
}

public String toBase64() {
if (this.cachedBase64 == null) {
this.cachedBase64 = Base64.encodeToString(this.getBytes());
}
```
 return this.cachedBase64;
```
}

public String toString() {
return this.toBase64();
}

public int hashCode() {
return this.bytes != null && this.bytes.length != 0 ? Arrays.hashCode(this.bytes) : 0;
}

public boolean equals(Object o) {
if (o == this) {
return true;
} else if (o instanceof ByteSource) {
ByteSource bs = (ByteSource) o;
return Arrays.equals(this.getBytes(), bs.getBytes());
} else {
return false;
}
}

private static final class BytesHelper extends CodecSupport {
private BytesHelper() {
}
```
 public byte[] getBytes(File file) {
 return this.toBytes(file);
 }

 public byte[] getBytes(InputStream stream) {
 return this.toBytes(stream);
 }
```
}
}
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然后在realm中改变使用

if (userDB.getSalt() != null) {
	info.setCredentialsSalt(new MySimpleByteSource(userDB.getSalt()));
}

 
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整合Ehcache

整合ehcache就更简单，套路都是一样的只不过2.x和3.x 需要注入不同的CacheManager即可。这里需要注入下3.x的Ehcache是实现了Jcache，不过整合起来都是一样的，详情可以去看我之前的整合Spring抽象缓存的帖子。

官方提供了shiro-ehcache的整合包，不过这个整合包是针对Ehcache2.x的。

Redis存储Session

关于共享session的问题大家都应该知道了，传统的部署项目，两个相同的项目部署到不同的服务器上，Nginx负载均衡后会导致用户在A上登陆了，经过负载均衡后，在B上要重新登录，因为A上有相关session信息，而B没有。这种情况也称为“有状态”服务。而“无状态”服务则是：在一个公共的地方存储session，每次访问都会统一到这个地方来拿。思路呢就是实现Shiro的Session接口，然后呢自己控制，这里我们实现AbstractSessionDAO。

package com.maoxs.cache;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;
import org.apache.shiro.session.UnknownSessionException;
import org.apache.shiro.session.mgt.eis.AbstractSessionDAO;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

@Slf4j
public class ShiroRedisSessionDao extends AbstractSessionDAO {

<span class="token keyword">private</span> RedisTemplate redisTemplate<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token function">ShiroRedisSessionDao</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>RedisTemplate redisTemplate<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>redisTemplate <span class="token operator">=</span> redisTemplate<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">update</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Session session<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throws</span> UnknownSessionException <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    log<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"更新seesion,id=[{}]"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> session<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getId</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">try</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        redisTemplate<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">opsForValue</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getId</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> session<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">30</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> TimeUnit<span class="token punctuation">.</span>MINUTES<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Exception</span> e<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        log<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">error</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>e<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMessage</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> e<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">delete</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Session session<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    log<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"删除seesion,id=[{}]"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> session<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getId</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">try</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        String key <span class="token operator">=</span> session<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getId</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        redisTemplate<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">delete</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Exception</span> e<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        log<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>e<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMessage</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> e<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> Collection<span class="token generics function"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>Session<span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span> <span class="token function">getActiveSessions</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    log<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"获取存活的session"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> Collections<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">emptySet</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
<span class="token keyword">protected</span> Serializable <span class="token function">doCreate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Session session<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    Serializable sessionId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">generateSessionId</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>session<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">assignSessionId</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>session<span class="token punctuation">,</span> sessionId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    log<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"创建seesion,id=[{}]"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> session<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getId</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">try</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        redisTemplate<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">opsForValue</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getId</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> session<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">30</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> TimeUnit<span class="token punctuation">.</span>MINUTES<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Exception</span> e<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        log<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">error</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>e<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMessage</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> e<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> sessionId<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
<span class="token keyword">protected</span> Session <span class="token function">doReadSession</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Serializable sessionId<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    log<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"获取seesion,id=[{}]"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> sessionId<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    Session readSession <span class="token operator">=</span> null<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">try</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        readSession <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>Session<span class="token punctuation">)</span> redisTemplate<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">opsForValue</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sessionId<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Exception</span> e<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        log<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">error</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>e<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMessage</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> readSession<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

最后吧你写好的SessionDao注入到shiro的securityManager中即可

/**
* 配置sessionmanager，由redis存储数据
*/
@Bean(name = "sessionManager")
public DefaultWebSessionManager sessionManager(RedisTemplate redisTemplate) {
    DefaultWebSessionManager sessionManager = new DefaultWebSessionManager();
    CollectionSerializer<Serializable> collectionSerializer = CollectionSerializer.getInstance();
    redisTemplate.setDefaultSerializer(collectionSerializer);
    //redisTemplate默认采用的其实是valueSerializer，就算是采用其他ops也一样，这是一个坑。
    redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(collectionSerializer);
    ShiroRedisSessionDao redisSessionDao = new ShiroRedisSessionDao(redisTemplate);
    //这个name的作用也不大，只是有特色的cookie的名称。
    sessionManager.setSessionDAO(redisSessionDao);
    sessionManager.setDeleteInvalidSessions(true);
    SimpleCookie cookie = new SimpleCookie();
    cookie.setName("starrkCookie");
    sessionManager.setSessionIdCookie(cookie);
    sessionManager.setSessionIdCookieEnabled(true);
    return sessionManager;
}
@Bean
public DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager(RedisTemplate redisTemplate, RedisCacheManager redisCacheManager) {
    DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
    securityManager.setRealm(customRealm(redisCacheManager));
    securityManager.setCacheManager(shiroRedisCacheManager(redisCacheManager));
    securityManager.setRememberMeManager(rememberMeManager());
    securityManager.setSessionManager(sessionManager(redisTemplate));
    return securityManager;
}

 
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