Java和.Net版通用工具类实现--生成自定义Web Html/Excel测试用例和测试报告

本文介绍了一种使用Java和C#实现的自动化测试工具，能够为WEB功能测试和WebServiceJson接口测试生成统一格式的测试用例及测试报告，并支持自定义的WebHtml/Excel输出。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

一、背景概述

工作中接触到不同的项目测试需求，其中一个是对WEB功能进行测试，采用了Selenium+Junit+Maven+SVN，另一个是对Web Service Json接口进行测试，自己使用C#写了一个自动化测试工具。我希望两者都能生成一样标准格式的测试用例和测试报告，既能展示在Web站点又能得到Excel，于是分别用Java和C#实现了这个工具类--生成自定义Web Html/Excel（CSV）测试用例和测试报告。

二、 Html模板设计

需要替换或追加的内容用变量标示，Html格式自定义，工具类中直接对文本内容进行替换或追加。

两个模板文件ListSample.htm和DetailSample.htm内容分别为：

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<html>
<head>
<title>$ProjectName Test Report</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>$ProjectName Test Report</h1>
<table border="1" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="8" style="border: #000000; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px">
<tr><td align="right" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR:#333399;COLOR:white;font-weight:bold;" colspan="1">Project Name: </td><td colspan="3">$ProjectName</td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR:#333399;COLOR:white;font-weight:bold;">Total: </td><td width="100px">$Total</td>
<td align="right" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR:#333399;COLOR:white;font-weight:bold;">Http Path: </td><td><a href="$HttpPath">$HttpPath</a></td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR:#333399;COLOR:white;font-weight:bold;">Passed: </td><td style="color:green;font-weight:bold;">$Passed</td>
<td align="right" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR:#333399;COLOR:white;font-weight:bold;">Code Path: </td><td><a href="$ScriptPath">$ScriptPath</a></td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR:#333399;COLOR:white;font-weight:bold;">Failed: </td><td style="color:red;font-weight:bold;">$Failed</td>
<td align="right" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR:#333399;COLOR:white;font-weight:bold;">Test Date: </td><td>$TestDate</td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR:#333399;COLOR:white;font-weight:bold;" colspan="1">Summary: </td><td colspan="3">$Summary</td></tr>
</table>
<br />
<table width="90%" border="1" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="8" style="table-layout:fixed;border: #000000; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px ">
<tr style="BACKGROUND-COLOR:#333399;COLOR:white;font-weight:bold;">
<td width="15%">CaseID</td>
<td width="15%"> TaskName </td>
<td width="10%"> TestTime </td>
<td> TestSummary</td>
<td width="10%"> TestResult</td>
<td width="15%"> Comments</td></tr>

其中：

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<tr><td>$CaseID</td><td>$TaskName</td><td>$TestTime</td><td>$TestSummary</td><td style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="$href"><font color="$color">$TestResult</font></a></td><td>$Comments</td></tr>

为需要替换追加的内容。

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<html>
<head>
<title>$TaskName Test Details</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>$TaskName Test Details</h1>
<h3><a href="$href">[[Return>>]]</a></h3>
<table border="1" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="8" style="border: #000000; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px ">
<tr><td align="right" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR:#333399;COLOR:white;font-weight:bold;">Task Name: </td><td>$TaskName</td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR:#333399;COLOR:white;font-weight:bold;">Test Time: </td><td>$TestTime</td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR:#333399;COLOR:white;font-weight:bold;">Test Summary: </td><td>$TestSummary </td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR:#333399;COLOR:white;font-weight:bold;">Test Result: </td><td style="color:$color;font-weight:bold;">$TestResult</td></tr>
<tr><td align="right" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR:#333399;COLOR:white;font-weight:bold;">Comments: </td><td>$Comments</td></tr>
</table>
<br />
<table width="90%" border="1" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="8" style="table-layout:fixed;border: #000000; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px ">
<tr style="BACKGROUND-COLOR:#333399;COLOR:white;font-weight:bold;"><td>CaseID</td></tr>
<tr><td>$CaseID</td></tr>
<tr style="BACKGROUND-COLOR:#333399;COLOR:white;font-weight:bold;"><td>TaskName </td></tr>
<tr><td>$TaskName</td></tr>
<tr style="BACKGROUND-COLOR:#333399;COLOR:white;font-weight:bold;"><td> Precondition </td></tr>
<tr><td>$Precondition</td></tr>
<tr style="BACKGROUND-COLOR:#333399;COLOR:white;font-weight:bold;"><td> Steps</td></tr>
<tr><td>$Steps</td></tr>
<tr style="BACKGROUND-COLOR:#333399;COLOR:white;font-weight:bold;"><td> Expects</td></tr>
<tr><td>$Expects</td></tr>
<tr style="BACKGROUND-COLOR:#333399;COLOR:white;font-weight:bold;"><td> Results</td></tr>
<tr><td>$Results</td></tr>
<tr style="BACKGROUND-COLOR:#333399;COLOR:white;font-weight:bold;"><td> TestResult</td></tr>
<tr><td style="color:$color;font-weight:bold;">$TestResult</td></tr>
<tr style="BACKGROUND-COLOR:#333399;COLOR:white;font-weight:bold;"><td> Remarks</td></tr>
<tr><td>$Remarks</td></tr>
</table></body>
</html>

三、Java实现

SnapShot类（网页截图）：

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package com.nhn.platform.qa.cwmtest.Utils;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Rectangle;
import java.awt.Robot;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.openqa.selenium.TakesScreenshot;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.OutputType;
public class SnapShot {
static boolean __Debug = false;
static String imageFormat = "png"; // image format
static int serialNum = 0;
static Dimension d = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize();
static void Initilize() {
serialNum = 0;
}
/****************************
* snapShot the whole screen *
****************************/
public static void screenShoot(String dirPath,String picName,String htmlPath) {
try {
serialNum++;
// copy a screen shoot capture to a BufferedImage object screens
// hoot
BufferedImage screenShoot = (new Robot()).createScreenCapture(new Rectangle(0, 0, (int) d.getWidth(), (int) d.getHeight()));
String picPathName = dirPath + "\\images\\" + picName;
File dir=new File(dirPath + "\\images");
if(!dir.exists()){
dir.mkdirs();
}
File f = new File(picPathName);
if (__Debug) {
System.out.print("Save File " + picName);
}
// Write to file
ImageIO.write(screenShoot, imageFormat, f);
if (__Debug) {
System.out.print("..Finished!\n");
}
appendSnapShotToLogFile("images/"+picName,htmlPath);
} catch (Exception ex) {
System.out.println(ex);
}
}
public static void appendSnapShotToLogFile(String imageName,String htmlPath) {
String content = "";
content += "<table width=\"90%\"><tr><td>\n";
//content += "<img src=\"" + imageName + "\" width=\"" + EtcIO.logPicWidth + "\" height=\"" + EtcIO.logPicHeight + "\" onclick=\"showPic(this);\" />\n";
content += "<img src=\"" + imageName + "\" />\n";
content += "</td></tr></table>\n";
EtcIO.AppendContent(htmlPath, content);
}
public static void appendSnapShot(WebDriver driver,String dirPath,String picName,String htmlPath) {
File screenShotFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
try {
FileUtils.copyFile(screenShotFile,new File(dirPath + "\\images\\" + picName));
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
String content = "\n<br /><a href=\"images/"+picName+"\" target=\"_blank\"><img src=\"images/"+picName+"\" width=\"" + EtcIO.logPicWidth + "\" height=\"" + EtcIO.logPicHeight + "\" onclick=\"showPic(this);\" /></a>";
EtcIO.AppendContent(htmlPath, content);
}
}

HtmlDoc类：

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package com.nhn.platform.qa.cwmtest.Utils;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
public class HtmlDoc {
protected String DirPath = "";
protected String IndexList = "<tr><td>$CaseID</td><td>$TaskName</td><td>$TestTime</td><td>$TestSummary</td><td style=\"font-weight:bold;\"><a href=\"$href\"><font color=\"$color\">$TestResult</font></a></td><td>$Comments</td></tr>";
protected String IndexModel = "";
protected String DetailModel = "";
protected String IndexFile = "";
protected String DetailFile = "";
protected String CsvFile = "";
protected String ProjectName = "CMS";
protected String HttpPath = "http://127.0.0.1/";
protected String ScriptPath = "http://127.0.0.1/";
protected String TestDate = "2013-01-16";
protected String Summary = "";
protected int Total = 0;
protected int Passed = 0;
protected int Failed = 0;
protected String CaseID = "";
protected String TaskName = "";
protected String TestSummary = "";
protected String TestResult = "";
protected String href = "";
protected String color = "";
protected String Comments = "none";
protected String Precondition = "";
protected String Steps = "";
protected String Expects = "";
protected String Results = "";
protected String Remarks = "none";
public String HomePath;
private String testTime;
public String getTestTime() {
Date now = new Date();
SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("HH.mm.ss");
this.testTime = dateFormat.format(now);
return this.testTime;
}
public HtmlDoc() {
this.ProjectName = EtcIO.readValue("HtmlDoc.ProjectName");
this.HomePath = EtcIO.readValue("HtmlDoc.HomePath");
this.IndexModel = EtcIO.readValue("HtmlDoc.IndexModel");
this.DetailModel = EtcIO.readValue("HtmlDoc.DetailModel");
this.ScriptPath = EtcIO.readValue("HtmlDoc.ScriptPath");
Date now = new Date();
SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
this.TestDate = dateFormat.format(now);
this.DirPath = EtcIO.readValue("HtmlDoc.DirPath") + "\\"
+ this.TestDate;
this.HttpPath = EtcIO.readValue("HtmlDoc.HttpPath") + "/"
+ this.TestDate;
this.IndexFile = this.DirPath + "\\" + "index.html";
this.CsvFile = this.DirPath + "\\" + "test_result.txt";
try {
String temp = EtcIO.readValue("HtmlDoc.IndexList");
if (temp != null && temp.equals("")) {
this.IndexList = temp;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
}
File dirPath = new File(this.DirPath);
if (dirPath.exists()) {
String distFolder = this.DirPath + ".bak." + this.getTestTime();
try {
FileToolkit.moveFile(this.DirPath, distFolder);
} catch (IOException e1) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e1.printStackTrace();
}
try {
dirPath.delete();
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
dirPath.mkdirs();
String[] search = new String[] { "$ProjectName", "$HttpPath",
"$ScriptPath", "$TestDate" };
String[] replace = new String[] { this.ProjectName, this.HttpPath,
this.ScriptPath, this.TestDate };
EtcIO.ReplaceContent(this.IndexModel, this.IndexFile, search, replace);
}
public void InsertHtml(String TaskName, String TestSummary,
String TestResult, String Comments, String Precondition,
String Steps, String Expects, String Results, String Remarks) {
this.Total++;
this.CaseID = this.ProjectName + "-TEST-";
if (this.Total < 10) {
this.CaseID += "000" + this.Total;
} else if (this.Total < 100) {
this.CaseID += "00" + this.Total;
} else if (this.Total < 1000) {
this.CaseID += "0" + this.Total;
} else {
this.CaseID += this.Total;
}
this.TestResult = TestResult;
this.TestSummary = TestSummary;
this.Comments = Comments;
if (this.TestResult.trim().toLowerCase().equals("pass")) {
this.Passed++;
this.color = "GREEN";
} else {
this.Failed++;
this.color = "RED";
}
this.TaskName = TaskName;
this.href = this.HttpPath + "/" + TaskName + "-" + this.CaseID
+ ".html";
this.DetailFile = this.DirPath + "\\" + TaskName + "-" + this.CaseID
+ ".html";
this.Precondition = Precondition;
this.Steps = Steps;
this.Expects = Expects;
this.Results = Results;
this.Remarks = Remarks;
String temprow = this.IndexList.replace("$CaseID", this.CaseID)
.replace("$TaskName", this.TaskName)
.replace("$TestTime", this.getTestTime())
.replace("$TestSummary", this.TestSummary)
.replace("$href", this.href).replace("$color", this.color)
.replace("$TestResult", this.TestResult)
.replace("$Comments", this.Comments);
EtcIO.AppendContent(this.IndexFile, temprow);
String[] search = new String[] { "$CaseID", "$TaskName", "$TestTime",
"$TestSummary", "$color", "$TestResult", "$Comments",
"$Precondition", "$Steps", "$Expects", "$Results", "$Remarks",
"$href" };
String[] replace = new String[] { this.CaseID, this.TaskName,
this.getTestTime(), this.TestSummary, this.color,
this.TestResult, this.Comments, this.Precondition, this.Steps,
this.Expects, this.Results, this.Remarks, this.HttpPath };
EtcIO.ReplaceContent(this.DetailModel, this.DetailFile, search, replace);
EtcIO.AppendContent(this.CsvFile, this.CaseID + "`" + this.TaskName
+ "`" + this.TestSummary + "`" + this.Precondition + "`"
+ this.Steps + "`" + this.Expects + "`" + this.getTestTime()
+ "`" + this.Results + "`" + this.TestResult + "`"
+ this.Remarks + "\r\n");
}
public void CompleteCount() {
String[] search = new String[] { "$Total", "$Passed", "$Failed" };
String[] replace = new String[] { "" + this.Total, "" + this.Passed,
"" + this.Failed };
EtcIO.ReplaceContent(this.IndexFile, this.IndexFile, search, replace);
this.Summary = "PassRate: "
+ String.format("%.2f",
((double) this.Passed / this.Total) * 100)
+ "% \t CompleteRate: 100%";
EtcIO.ReplaceContent(this.IndexFile, this.IndexFile,
new String[] { "$Summary" }, new String[] { this.Summary });
}
public void ScreenCapture() {
if (!this.DetailFile.equals("")) {
SnapShot.screenShoot(this.DirPath, this.CaseID + ".png",
this.DetailFile);
}
}
public void ScreenCapture(WebDriver driver) {
if (!this.DetailFile.equals("")) {
SnapShot.appendSnapShot(driver, this.DirPath, this.CaseID + ".png",
this.DetailFile);
}
}
public void ScreenCapture(String imagePath) {
if (!this.DetailFile.equals("")) {
SnapShot.appendSnapShotToLogFile(imagePath, this.DetailFile);
}
}
}

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InsertHtml(String TaskName, String TestSummary,
String TestResult, String Comments, String Precondition,
String Steps, String Expects, String Results, String Remarks)

该方法即ListSample.htm插入一条Summary并生成一个DetailSample.htm测试详细文件。

CompleteCount()方法为测试完成后对ListSample.htm替换统计和计算测试通过率。

ScreenCapture()方法为测试过程中截图，截屏或者网页截图，并插入DetailSample.htm测试详细文件中。

同时，会生成一个CSV类似格式的文本文件，自定义分隔符·，可以方便使用Excel打开。

四、 .NET实现

HtmlDoc类：

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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading;
namespace WugSshLib
{
public class HtmlDoc
{
public string DirPath = "";
public string IndexList = "<tr><td>$CaseID</td><td>$TaskName</td><td>$TestTime</td><td>$TestSummary</td><td style=\"font-weight:bold;\"><a href=\"$href\"><font color=\"$color\">$TestResult</font></a></td><td>$Comments</td></tr>";
public string IndexModel = "";
public string DetailModel = "";
public string IndexFile = "";
public string DetailFile = "";
public string CsvFile = "";
public string ProjectName = "CMS";
public string HttpPath = "http://127.0.0.1/";
public string ScriptPath = "http://127.0.0.1/";
public string TestDate = "2013-01-16";
public string Summary = "";
public int Total = 0;
public int Passed = 0;
public int Failed = 0;
public string CaseID = "";
public string TaskName = "";
public string TestSummary = "";
public string TestResult = "";
public string href = "";
public string color = "";
public string Comments = "none";
public string Precondition = "";
public string Steps = "";
public string Expects = "";
public string Results = "";
public string Remarks = "none";
public string TestTime
{
get
{
return DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString();
}
}
public HtmlDoc(string project,string webdir)
{
this.ProjectName = project;
if (Directory.Exists(webdir))
{
this.DirPath = Path.Combine(webdir,project);
}
else
{
this.DirPath = Path.Combine(System.Windows.Forms.Application.StartupPath, "nginx/html/" + project );
}
if (!Directory.Exists(this.DirPath))
{
Directory.CreateDirectory(this.DirPath);
}
IniFiles inifile = new IniFiles(Path.Combine(System.Windows.Forms.Application.StartupPath, "HtmlDoc.ini"));
//IndexList = Path.Combine(this.DirPath, inifile.ReadString("HTMLDOC", "IndexList", IndexList));
IndexModel = Path.Combine(System.Windows.Forms.Application.StartupPath, inifile.ReadString("HTMLDOC", "IndexModel", "ListSample.htm"));
DetailModel = Path.Combine(System.Windows.Forms.Application.StartupPath, inifile.ReadString("HTMLDOC", "DetailModel", "DetailSample.htm"));
this.ScriptPath = inifile.ReadString("HTMLDOC", "ScriptPath", "http://127.0.0.1/");
this.TestDate = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd");
this.HttpPath = inifile.ReadString("HTMLDOC", "HttpPath", "http://127.0.0.1/") + project + "/" + this.TestDate;
this.IndexFile = Path.Combine(this.DirPath, this.TestDate, "index.html");
this.CsvFile = Path.Combine(this.DirPath, this.TestDate, "test_result.txt");
if (Directory.Exists(Path.Combine(this.DirPath, this.TestDate)))
{
Directory.Move(Path.Combine(this.DirPath, this.TestDate), Path.Combine(this.DirPath, this.TestDate) + ".bak" + DateTime.Now.ToString("-HHmmss"));
Thread.Sleep(2000);
}
Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.Combine(this.DirPath, this.TestDate));
string tempmodel = File.ReadAllText(this.IndexModel).Replace("$ProjectName", this.ProjectName).Replace("$HttpPath", this.HttpPath).Replace("$ScriptPath", this.ScriptPath).Replace("$TestDate", this.TestDate);
File.AppendAllText(this.IndexFile, tempmodel);
}
public void InsertHtml(string TaskName, string TestSummary, string TestResult, string Comments, string Precondition, string Steps, string Expects, string Results, string Remarks)
{
this.Total++;
this.CaseID = this.ProjectName + "-TEST-";
if (this.Total < 10)
{
this.CaseID += "000" + this.Total;
}
else if (this.Total < 100)
{
this.CaseID += "00" + this.Total;
}
else if (this.Total < 1000)
{
this.CaseID += "0" + this.Total;
}
else
{
this.CaseID += this.Total;
}
this.TestResult = TestResult;
this.TestSummary = TestSummary;
this.Comments = Comments;
if (this.TestResult.Trim().ToLower().Equals("pass"))
{
this.Passed++;
this.color = "GREEN";
}
else
{
this.Failed++;
this.color = "RED";
}
this.TaskName = TaskName;
this.href = this.HttpPath + "/" + TaskName + "-"+this.CaseID+".html";
this.DetailFile = Path.Combine(this.DirPath, this.TestDate, TaskName + "-" + this.CaseID + ".html");
this.Precondition = Precondition;
this.Steps = Steps;
this.Expects = Expects;
this.Results = Results;
this.Remarks = Remarks;
string temprow = this.IndexList.Replace("$CaseID", this.CaseID).Replace("$TaskName", this.TaskName).Replace("$TestTime", this.TestTime).Replace("$TestSummary", this.TestSummary).Replace("$href", this.href).Replace("$color", this.color).Replace("$TestResult", this.TestResult).Replace("$Comments", this.Comments);
File.AppendAllText(this.IndexFile, temprow);
string tempdetail = File.ReadAllText(this.DetailModel).Replace("$CaseID", this.CaseID).Replace("$TaskName", this.TaskName).Replace("$TestTime", this.TestTime).Replace("$TestSummary", this.TestSummary).Replace("$color", this.color).Replace("$TestResult", this.TestResult).Replace("$Comments", this.Comments).Replace("$Precondition", this.Precondition).Replace("$Steps", this.Steps).Replace("$Expects", this.Expects).Replace("$Results", this.Results).Replace("$Remarks", this.Remarks).Replace("$href", this.HttpPath);
File.AppendAllText(this.DetailFile, tempdetail);
File.AppendAllText(this.CsvFile, this.CaseID + "`" + this.TaskName + "`" + this.TestSummary + "`" + this.Precondition + "`" + this.Steps + "`" + this.Expects + "`" + this.TestTime + "`" + this.Results + "`" + this.TestResult + "`" + this.Remarks + "\r\n");
}
public void CompleteCount()
{
string tempindex = File.ReadAllText(this.IndexFile);
tempindex = tempindex.Replace("$Total", "" + this.Total).Replace("$Passed", "" + this.Passed).Replace("$Failed", "" + this.Failed);
this.Summary = "PassRate: "+Math.Round(((double)this.Passed / this.Total)*100,2) + "% \t CompleteRate: 100%";
tempindex = tempindex.Replace("$Summary", this.Summary);
//string file = this.IndexFile.Replace("index.htm", "index.html");
File.WriteAllText(this.IndexFile, tempindex);
//File.Delete(this.IndexFile);
}
}
}

同样，InsertHtml(string TaskName, string TestSummary, string TestResult, string Comments, string Precondition, string Steps, string Expects, string Results, string Remarks)函数即ListSample.htm插入一条Summary并生成一个DetailSample.htm测试详细文件。

CompleteCount()函数为测试完成后对ListSample.htm替换统计和计算测试通过率。该处没有使用截图，需要的可以引用WinAPI对屏幕或窗口进行截图。

同时，会生成一个CSV类似格式的文本文件，自定义分隔符·，可以方便使用Excel打开。