交叉编译注意事项

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-21 09:38:47 发布

转载最新推荐文章于 2024-06-21 09:38:47 发布 · 2.7k 阅读

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#arm-none-linux-gnuea #交叉编译 #linux #配置 #make

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原文链接：http://www.crifan.com/summary_cross_compile_library_note/

交叉编译库时所最常用到的配置

一般编译都是：

./configure xxx

make

make install

此处，对于./configure的xxx，我最常用的是：

1	`.` `/configure` `--prefix=YOUR_INSTALL_PATH --build=CURRENT_ENV --target=CROSS_COMPILER --host=CROSS_COMPILER CC=CROSS_COMPILER-gcc OTHER_PARAMETER`

其中：

–prefix=YOUR_INSTALL_PATH

即，你所要把当前的库，在编译完毕之后，安装到哪里

如：

1	`.` `/configure` `--prefix=` `/opt/crosscompile/xmlrpc` `--build=i686-pc-linux-gnu --target=arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi --host=arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi CC=arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi-gcc`

–build=CURRENT_ENV

目前我遇到的有两种：

一个是cygwin：

–build=i686-pc-cygwin

如：

1	`.` `/configure` `--prefix=$HOME` `/develop/crosstool-ng/x-tools/armxscaleexpat` `--build=i686-pc-cygwin --target=arm-xscale-linux --host=arm-xscale-linux CC=arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi-gcc`

一个是普通的Linux，比如Ubuntu：

–build=i686-pc-linux-gnu

如

1	`.` `/configure` `--prefix=` `/opt/crosscompile/curl` `--build=i686-pc-linux-gnu --target=arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi --host=arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi CC=arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi-gcc --` `enable` `-static`

关于其值的来历：

（1）其中，此build的值，我之前是参考：

之前编译时的输出：

 
        [EXTRA]  Dumping internal crosstool-NG configuration
       
        [EXTRA]    Building a toolchain 
        for
        :
       
        [EXTRA]      build  = i686-pc-cygwin
       
        [EXTRA]      host   = i686-pc-cygwin
       
        [EXTRA]      target = arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi

而知道的。

（2）其中，此处的build的值，也是参考：

 
        [EXTRA]  Dumping internal crosstool-NG configuration
       
        [EXTRA]    Building a toolchain 
        for
        :
       
        [EXTRA]      build  = i686-pc-linux-gnu
       
        [EXTRA]      host   = i686-pc-linux-gnu
       
        [EXTRA]      target = arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi

才知道的。

–target=CROSS_COMPILER和–host=CROSS_COMPILER

对于target和host，此处，都是设置的是交叉编译器的（前缀）。

比如，如果你的交叉编译器是arm-linux，那就是：

1	`--target=arm-linux --host=arm-linux`

我此处，用crosstool-ng编译出来的for xscale的交叉编译器是：arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi

所以，此处后续编译各种库，都是用的是：

1	`--target=arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi --host=arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi`

举例：

1	`.` `/configure` `--prefix=$HOME` `/develop/crosstool-ng/x-tools/armxscalelog4c` `--build=i686-pc-cygwin --target=arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi --host=arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi --with-expat-prefix=$HOME` `/develop/crosstool-ng/x-tools/armxscaleexpat` `CC=arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi-gcc`

如：

1	`.` `/configure` `--prefix=` `/opt/crosscompile/curl` `--build=i686-pc-linux-gnu --target=arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi --host=arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi CC=arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi-gcc --` `enable` `-static`

CC=CROSS_COMPILER-gcc

1.此处的CC参数，是用于指定编译器用哪个。

一般都是对应的交叉编译器的前缀，加上gcc，比如：

arm-linux的话，加上gcc就是：arm-linux-gcc

arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi加上gcc，就是：arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi-gcc

2.而且，也多数都是可以在./configure时，就设置好对应的CC的值的。

如：

1	`.` `/configure` `--prefix=` `/opt/crosscompile/curl` `--build=i686-pc-linux-gnu --target=arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi --host=arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi CC=arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi-gcc --` `enable` `-static`

之后，直接去make即可。

但是也有例外：

有时，由于configure不支持设置CC，所以需要放到后面的make才行，即：

1 2	`.` `/configure` `--prefix=$HOME` `/develop/crosstool-ng/x-tools/libcgi` `--build=i686-pc-cygwin --target=arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi --host=arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi` `make` `CC=arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi-gcc`

OTHER_PARAMETER

1../configure可以去添加你所需要的参数

但是一般都支持的规则是：

–enable-xxx：启用（编译）某个子模块或功能（feature）

–disable-xxx：禁止（不编译）某个子模块或功能（feature）

–with-xxx：类似于–enable-xxx

–without-xxx：类似于–disable-xxx

经过调试错误，发现就不需要编译python，所以，可以去添加对应的

--without-python

去禁止编译python。

所用的配置就是：

1	`.` `/configure` `--prefix=` `/opt/crosscompile/libxml2` `--build=i686-pc-linux-gnu --target=arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi --host=arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi CC=arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi-gcc --without-python`

2.添加参数之前，需要搞清楚，当前你所要去编译的库，本身支持什么参数。

正常都是可以通过：

1	`.` `/configure` `--help`

去查看到，当前模块，所支持哪些参数。

`configure' configures this package to adapt to many kinds of systems.

Usage: ./configure [OPTION]... [VAR=VALUE]...

To assign environment variables (e.g., CC, CFLAGS...), specify them as
VAR=VALUE.  See below for descriptions of some of the useful variables.

Defaults for the options are specified in brackets.

Configuration:
  -h, --help              display this help and exit
      --help=short        display options specific to this package
      --help=recursive    display the short help of all the included packages
  -V, --version           display version information and exit
  -q, --quiet, --silent   do not print `checking ...' messages
      --cache-file=FILE   cache test results in FILE [disabled]
  -C, --config-cache      alias for `--cache-file=config.cache'
  -n, --no-create         do not create output files
      --srcdir=DIR        find the sources in DIR [configure dir or `..']

Installation directories:
  --prefix=PREFIX         install architecture-independent files in PREFIX
                          [/usr/local]
  --exec-prefix=EPREFIX   install architecture-dependent files in EPREFIX
                          [PREFIX]

By default, `make install' will install all the files in
`/usr/local/bin', `/usr/local/lib' etc.  You can specify
an installation prefix other than `/usr/local' using `--prefix',
for instance `--prefix=$HOME'.

For better control, use the options below.

Fine tuning of the installation directories:
  --bindir=DIR            user executables [EPREFIX/bin]
  --sbindir=DIR           system admin executables [EPREFIX/sbin]
  --libexecdir=DIR        program executables [EPREFIX/libexec]
  --sysconfdir=DIR        read-only single-machine data [PREFIX/etc]
  --sharedstatedir=DIR    modifiable architecture-independent data [PREFIX/com]
  --localstatedir=DIR     modifiable single-machine data [PREFIX/var]
  --libdir=DIR            object code libraries [EPREFIX/lib]
  --includedir=DIR        C header files [PREFIX/include]
  --oldincludedir=DIR     C header files for non-gcc [/usr/include]
  --datarootdir=DIR       read-only arch.-independent data root [PREFIX/share]
  --datadir=DIR           read-only architecture-independent data [DATAROOTDIR]
  --infodir=DIR           info documentation [DATAROOTDIR/info]
  --localedir=DIR         locale-dependent data [DATAROOTDIR/locale]
  --mandir=DIR            man documentation [DATAROOTDIR/man]
  --docdir=DIR            documentation root [DATAROOTDIR/doc/PACKAGE]
  --htmldir=DIR           html documentation [DOCDIR]
  --dvidir=DIR            dvi documentation [DOCDIR]
  --pdfdir=DIR            pdf documentation [DOCDIR]
  --psdir=DIR             ps documentation [DOCDIR]

Program names:
  --program-prefix=PREFIX            prepend PREFIX to installed program names
  --program-suffix=SUFFIX            append SUFFIX to installed program names
  --program-transform-name=PROGRAM   run sed PROGRAM on installed program names

System types:
  --build=BUILD     configure for building on BUILD [guessed]
  --host=HOST       cross-compile to build programs to run on HOST [BUILD]

Optional Features:
  --disable-option-checking  ignore unrecognized --enable/--with options
  --disable-FEATURE       do not include FEATURE (same as --enable-FEATURE=no)
  --enable-FEATURE[=ARG]  include FEATURE [ARG=yes]
  --enable-silent-rules          less verbose build output (undo: `make V=1')
  --disable-silent-rules         verbose build output (undo: `make V=0')
  --disable-dependency-tracking  speeds up one-time build
  --enable-dependency-tracking   do not reject slow dependency extractors
  --enable-shared[=PKGS]  build shared libraries [default=yes]
  --enable-static[=PKGS]  build static libraries [default=yes]
  --enable-fast-install[=PKGS]
                          optimize for fast installation [default=yes]
  --disable-libtool-lock  avoid locking (might break parallel builds)
  --enable-rebuild-docs[=yes/no]  rebuild some generated docs [default=no]
  --enable-ipv6[=yes/no]  enables compilation of IPv6 code [default=yes]

Optional Packages:
  --with-PACKAGE[=ARG]    use PACKAGE [ARG=yes]
  --without-PACKAGE       do not use PACKAGE (same as --with-PACKAGE=no)
  --with-pic[=PKGS]       try to use only PIC/non-PIC objects [default=use
                          both]
  --with-gnu-ld           assume the C compiler uses GNU ld [default=no]
  --with-sysroot=DIR Search for dependent libraries within DIR
                        (or the compiler's sysroot if not specified).
  --with-c14n             add the Canonicalization support (on)
  --with-catalog          add the Catalog support (on)
  --with-debug            add the debugging module (on)
  --with-docbook          add Docbook SGML support (on)
  --with-fexceptions      add GCC flag -fexceptions for C++ exceptions (off)
  --with-ftp              add the FTP support (on)
  --with-history          add history support to xmllint shell(off)
  --with-html             add the HTML support (on)
  --with-html-dir=path    path to base html directory, default
                          $datadir/doc/html
  --with-html-subdir=path directory used under html-dir, default
                          $PACKAGE-$VERSION/html
  --with-http             add the HTTP support (on)
  --with-iconv[=DIR]      add ICONV support (on)
  --with-icu                add ICU support (off)
  --with-iso8859x         add ISO8859X support if no iconv (on)
  --with-legacy           add deprecated APIs for compatibility (on)
  --with-mem-debug        add the memory debugging module (off)
  --with-minimum          build a minimally sized library (off)
  --with-output           add the serialization support (on)
  --with-pattern          add the xmlPattern selection interface (on)
  --with-push             add the PUSH parser interfaces (on)
  --with-python[=DIR]     build Python bindings if found
  --with-reader           add the xmlReader parsing interface (on)
  --with-readline=DIR     use readline in DIR
  --with-regexps          add Regular Expressions support (on)
  --with-run-debug        add the runtime debugging module (off)
  --with-sax1             add the older SAX1 interface (on)
  --with-schemas          add Relax-NG and Schemas support (on)
  --with-schematron       add Schematron support (on)
  --with-threads          add multithread support(on)
  --with-thread-alloc     add per-thread memory(off)
  --with-tree             add the DOM like tree manipulation APIs (on)
  --with-valid            add the DTD validation support (on)
  --with-writer           add the xmlWriter saving interface (on)
  --with-xinclude         add the XInclude support (on)
  --with-xpath            add the XPATH support (on)
  --with-xptr             add the XPointer support (on)
  --with-modules          add the dynamic modules support (on)
  --with-zlib[=DIR]       use libz in DIR
  --with-lzma[=DIR]       use liblzma in DIR
  --with-coverage         build for code coverage with GCC (off)

Some influential environment variables:
  CC          C compiler command
  CFLAGS      C compiler flags
  LDFLAGS     linker flags, e.g. -L<lib dir> if you have libraries in a
              nonstandard directory <lib dir>
  LIBS        libraries to pass to the linker, e.g. -l<library>
  CPPFLAGS    (Objective) C/C++ preprocessor flags, e.g. -I<include dir> if
              you have headers in a nonstandard directory <include dir>
  CPP         C preprocessor

Use these variables to override the choices made by `configure' or to help
it to find libraries and programs with nonstandard names/locations.

Report bugs to the package provider.