本文介绍如何使用 Android 的 ListView 实现自适应表格布局，通过在 HorizontalScrollView 中嵌套 ListView 并自定义 TableAdapter 来支持不同列宽和高度的单元格。
Android提高第十五篇之ListView自适应实现表格
说说如何用ListView实现自适应的表格。GridView比ListView更容易实现自适应的表格，但是GridView每个格单元的大小固定，而ListView实现的表格可以自定义每个格单元的大小，但因此实现自适应表格也会复杂些(格单元大小不一)。另外，GridView实现的表格可以定位在具体某个格单元，而ListView实现的表格则只能定位在表格行。因此还是那句老话：根据具体的使用环境而选择GridView 或者 ListView实现表格。先贴出本文程序运行的效果图：
本文实现的ListView表格，可以每个格单元大小不一，文本(TextView)或图片(ImageView)做格单元的数据，不需要预先定义XML实现样式(自适应的根本目标)。由于ListView置于HorizontalScrollView中，因此对于列比较多/列数据比较长的数据表也能很好地适应其宽度。main.xml源码如下：
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
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<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
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android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
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android:layout_height="fill_parent">
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<HorizontalScrollView android:id="@+id/HorizontalScrollView01"
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android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:layout_width="fill_parent">
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<ListView android:id="@+id/ListView01" android:layout_height="wrap_content"
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android:layout_width="wrap_content"></ListView>
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</HorizontalScrollView>
- </LinearLayout>
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package com.testMyListView;
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import java.util.ArrayList;
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import com.testMyListView.TableAdapter.TableCell;
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import com.testMyListView.TableAdapter.TableRow;
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import android.app.Activity;
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import android.os.Bundle;
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import android.view.View;
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import android.widget.AdapterView;
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import android.widget.ListView;
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import android.widget.LinearLayout.LayoutParams;
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import android.widget.Toast;
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/**
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* @author hellogv
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*/
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public class testMyListView extends Activity {
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/** Called when the activity is first created. */
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ListView lv;
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@Override
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public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
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super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
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setContentView(R.layout.main);
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this.setTitle("ListView自适应实现表格---hellogv");
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lv = (ListView) this.findViewById(R.id.ListView01);
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ArrayList[table]
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table = new ArrayList[table]
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();
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TableCell[] titles = new TableCell[5];// 每行5个单元
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int width = this.getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getWidth()/titles.length;
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// 定义标题
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for (int i = 0; i < titles.length; i++) {
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titles[i] = new TableCell("标题" + String.valueOf(i),
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width + 8 * i,
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LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT,
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TableCell.STRING);
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}
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table.add(new TableRow(titles));
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// 每行的数据
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TableCell[] cells = new TableCell[5];// 每行5个单元
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for (int i = 0; i < cells.length - 1; i++) {
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cells[i] = new TableCell("No." + String.valueOf(i),
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titles[i].width,
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LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT,
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TableCell.STRING);
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}
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cells[cells.length - 1] = new TableCell(R.drawable.icon,
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titles[cells.length - 1].width,
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LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,
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TableCell.IMAGE);
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// 把表格的行添加到表格
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for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++)
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table.add(new TableRow(cells));
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TableAdapter tableAdapter = new TableAdapter(this, table);
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lv.setAdapter(tableAdapter);
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lv.setOnItemClickListener(new ItemClickEvent());
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}
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class ItemClickEvent implements AdapterView.OnItemClickListener {
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@Override
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public void onItemClick(AdapterView arg0, View arg1, int arg2,
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long arg3) {
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Toast.makeText(testMyListView.this, "选中第"+String.valueOf(arg2)+"行", 500).show();
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}
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}
- }
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package com.testMyListView;
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import java.util.List;
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import android.content.Context;
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import android.graphics.Color;
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import android.view.Gravity;
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import android.view.View;
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import android.view.ViewGroup;
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import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
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import android.widget.ImageView;
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import android.widget.LinearLayout;
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import android.widget.TextView;
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public class TableAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
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private Context context;
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private List[table]
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table;
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public TableAdapter(Context context, List[table]
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table) {
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this.context = context;
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this.table = table;
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}
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@Override
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public int getCount() {
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return table.size();
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}
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@Override
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public long getItemId(int position) {
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return position;
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}
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public TableRow getItem(int position) {
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return table.get(position);
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}
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public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
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TableRow tableRow = table.get(position);
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return new TableRowView(this.context, tableRow);
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}
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/**
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* TableRowView 实现表格行的样式
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* @author hellogv
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*/
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class TableRowView extends LinearLayout {
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public TableRowView(Context context, TableRow tableRow) {
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super(context);
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this.setOrientation(LinearLayout.HORIZONTAL);
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for (int i = 0; i < tableRow.getSize(); i++) {//逐个格单元添加到行
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TableCell tableCell = tableRow.getCellValue(i);
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LinearLayout.LayoutParams layoutParams = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(
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tableCell.width, tableCell.height);//按照格单元指定的大小设置空间
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layoutParams.setMargins(0, 0, 1, 1);//预留空隙制造边框
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if (tableCell.type == TableCell.STRING) {//如果格单元是文本内容
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TextView textCell = new TextView(context);
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textCell.setLines(1);
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textCell.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER);
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textCell.setBackgroundColor(Color.BLACK);//背景黑色
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textCell.setText(String.valueOf(tableCell.value));
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addView(textCell, layoutParams);
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} else if (tableCell.type == TableCell.IMAGE) {//如果格单元是图像内容
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ImageView imgCell = new ImageView(context);
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imgCell.setBackgroundColor(Color.BLACK);//背景黑色
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imgCell.setImageResource((Integer) tableCell.value);
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addView(imgCell, layoutParams);
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}
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}
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this.setBackgroundColor(Color.WHITE);//背景白色，利用空隙来实现边框
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}
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}
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/**
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* TableRow 实现表格的行
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* @author hellogv
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*/
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static public class TableRow {
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private TableCell[] cell;
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public TableRow(TableCell[] cell) {
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this.cell = cell;
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}
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public int getSize() {
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return cell.length;
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}
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public TableCell getCellValue(int index) {
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if (index >= cell.length)
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return null;
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return cell[index];
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}
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}
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/**
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* TableCell 实现表格的格单元
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* @author hellogv
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*/
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static public class TableCell {
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static public final int STRING = 0;
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static public final int IMAGE = 1;
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public Object value;
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public int width;
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public int height;
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private int type;
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public TableCell(Object value, int width, int height, int type) {
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this.value = value;
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this.width = width;
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this.height = height;
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this.type = type;
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}
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}
- }
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