java 基于网络编程的聊天小程序

最新推荐文章于 2021-06-21 12:00:10 发布

polestar.wang

最新推荐文章于 2021-06-21 12:00:10 发布

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分类专栏： java 文章标签： java

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/wangdingfeng5141/article/details/52292953

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本文介绍了Java中的TCP和UDP编程，通过示例代码详细解析了客户端和服务端的交互过程，包括建立连接、数据收发及关闭连接等核心操作。

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java基础之网络编程 TCP编程和UDP编程

TCP编程

TCP协议是一个有连接、可靠的协议

客户端 TClient

public class TClient{

    /**
     * @param args
     */
    static PrintWriter printW=null;
    static BufferedReader buffR=null;
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Socket socket=null;
        try {
            System.out.println("------客户端已启动-------");
            socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 9000);
            OutputStream outputS = socket.getOutputStream();
            InputStream inputS = socket.getInputStream();
            buffR=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputS, "utf-8"));
            printW=new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputS,"utf-8"),true);
            while(true){
                System.out.print("客户端:");
                String str=SystemIn.nextLine();
                printW.println(str);
                if(str.equals("gun")){
                    System.out.println("客户端断开链接");
                    break;
                }
                String strFromServer = buffR.readLine();
                System.out.println("服务器："+strFromServer);
                if(strFromServer.equals("gun")){
                    System.out.println("客户端断开链接");
                    break;
                }    
            }
            
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO: handle exception
        }finally{
            try {
                printW.flush();
                buffR.close();
                socket.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

}

服务器端

public class TServer extends Thread{

    /**
     * @param args
     */
    static PrintWriter printW=null;
    static BufferedReader buffR=null;
    private Socket socket;
    public TServer(Socket socket) {
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
        this.socket=socket;
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("------服务端已启动-------");
        ServerSocket serverSocket=new ServerSocket(9000);
        while(true){
            try {
                Socket socket=serverSocket.accept();
                new TServer(socket).start();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
                break;
            }
        }
        serverSocket.close();
        
    }
    public void run() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Socket socket = this.socket;
        try {
            InputStream inputS=socket.getInputStream();
            OutputStream outputS=socket.getOutputStream();
            buffR=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputS, "utf-8"));
            printW=new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputS,"utf-8"),true);
            String strFromClient = buffR.readLine();
            System.out.println("客户端："+InetAddress.getLocalHost()+"说"+strFromClient);
            if(strFromClient.equals("gun")){
                System.out.println("服务器断开链接");
            }
            System.out.print("服务器：");
            String str=SystemIn.nextLine();
            printW.println(str);
            if(str.equals("gun")){
                System.out.println("服务器断开链接");
            }
            printW.flush();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally{
            try {
                buffR.close();
                socket.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
   
}

UDP编程

UDP是一个无连接，不可靠的协议。即：数据的发送方只负责将数据发送出去，数据的接受方只负责接受数据。发送方和接收方不会相互确认数据的传输是否成功。

服务器

public class UServer {

	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		DatagramSocket socket=null;
		DatagramPacket packet=null;
		try {
			socket=new DatagramSocket(9000);
			byte[] buf=new byte[100];
			packet=new DatagramPacket(buf,0, buf.length);
			socket.receive(packet);
			String str=new String(buf,0,packet.getLength());
			System.out.println(str);
		} catch (SocketException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			socket.close();
		}
		
	}

}

客户端

public class UClient {

	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		DatagramSocket socket=null;
		DatagramPacket packet=null;
		try {
			socket=new DatagramSocket();
			String str="hello server";
			byte[] data=str.getBytes();
			packet=new DatagramPacket(data,0,data.length,new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1",9000));
			socket.send(packet);
			byte[] buf=new byte[100];
			DatagramPacket paper=new DatagramPacket(buf,0,buf.length);
			socket.receive(paper);
			String msg=new String(buf,0,paper.getLength());
			System.out.println(msg);
		} catch (SocketException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			socket.close();
		}
	}

}

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