使用ptr_fun、mem_fun和mem_fun_ref

本文探讨了如何使用C++ STL中的mem_fun和ptr_fun来适配成员函数,以便能够在容器中统一调用这些成员函数。通过具体实例说明了mem_fun和mem_fun_ref在不同场景下的应用,以及ptr_fun的使用时机。

一、背景引入

如果我有一个函数f和一个对象x,我希望在x上调用f,而且我在x的成员函数之外。C++给我三种不同的语法
来实现这个调用:
// 语法#1:当f是一个非成员函数
f(x);     

// 语法#2:当f是一个成员函数 ,而且x是一个对象或一个对象的引用             
x.f();                  
// 语法#3:当f是一个成员函数,而且p是一个对象的指针                     

p->f();                 
                     
现在,假设我有一个可以测试Widget的函数,

 // 测试w,如果没通过,就标记为“failed”
void test(Widget& w);          
                            
而且我有一个Widget的容器:

 // vw容纳Widget
vector<Widget> vw;  

                   
要测试vw中的每个Widget,我很显然可以这么使用for_each:

 // 调用#1(可以编译)
for_each(vw.begin(), vw.end(), test); 

 
但想象test是一个Widget的成员函数而不是一个非成员函数,也就是说,Widget支持自我测试:
class Widget {
public:

// 进行自我测试;如果没通过,就把*this标记为“failed”
        void test();                                            
};


在一个完美的世界,我也将能使用for_each对vw中的每个对象调用Widget::test:

 // 调用#2(不能编译)
for_each(vw.begin(), vw.end(), &Widget::test);  

      
实际上,如果世界真的完美,我将也可以使用for_each来在Widget*指针的容器上调用Widget::test:
list<Widget*> lpw; 

// lpw容纳Widget的指针,调用#3(也不能编译)                           
for_each(lpw.begin(), lpw.end(), &Widget::test); 


二、使用方法        

也许现在清楚为什么mem_fun和mem_fun_ref存在了。它们让成员函数(通常必须使用句法#2或者#3来调用的)使用句法1调用。


1、mem_fun和mem_fun_ref用法

// 同上

ist<Widget*> lpw;                              
...

 // 这个现在可以编译了
for_each(lpw.begin(), lpw.end(), mem_fun(&Widget::test));      


for_each接受一个mem_fun_t类型的对象,持有一个Widget::test的指针。对于在lpw里的每个Widget*指针,for_each使用语法#1


如果你有一个支持重画的Widget类:

class Widget {
public:
  ...
  void redraw() const;
  ...
};

list<Widget> lw;

for_each( lw.begin(),  lw.end(), mem_fun_ref(&Widget::redraw))



总的来说,mem_fun适配语法#3——也就是当和Widget*指针配合时Widget::test要求的——到语法1,也就是for_each用的。因此也不奇怪像mem_fun_t这样的类被称为函数对象适配器。知道这个不应该使你惊讶,完全类似上述的,mem_fun_ref函数适配语法#2到语法#1


2、ptr_fun用法

for_each(vw.begin(), vw.end(), test); // 同上,调用#1;这个可以编译

for_each(vw.begin(), vw.end(), ptr_fun(test));  // 可以编译,行为,就像上面的调用#1
  

如果你关于什么时候使用ptr_fun什么时候不使用而感到困惑,那就考虑每当你传递一个函数给STL组件时都使用它。STL将不在乎, 并且没有运行期的惩罚。可能出现的最坏的情况就是一些读你代码的人当看见不必要的ptr_fun使用时,可能会扬起眉毛。我认为,那有多让你操心依赖于你对扬起眉毛的敏感性。


一个与ptr_fun有关的可选策略是只有当你被迫时才使用它。如果当typedef是必要时你忽略了它,你的编译器将退回你的代码。然后你得返回去添加它。                                             
                                                



报错如下,如何修改》// Functor implementations -*- C++ -*- // Copyright (C) 2001-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc. // // This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library. This library is free // software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the // terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the // Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) // any later version. // This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the // GNU General Public License for more details. // Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional // permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version // 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation. // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and // a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program; // see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively. If not, see // <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. /* * * Copyright (c) 1994 * Hewlett-Packard Company * * Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software * and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee, * provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and * that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear * in supporting documentation. Hewlett-Packard Company makes no * representations about the suitability of this software for any * purpose. It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty. * * * Copyright (c) 1996-1998 * Silicon Graphics Computer Systems, Inc. * * Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software * and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee, * provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and * that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear * in supporting documentation. Silicon Graphics makes no * representations about the suitability of this software for any * purpose. It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty. */ /** @file bits/stl_function.h * This is an internal header file, included by other library headers. * Do not attempt to use it directly. @headername{functional} */ #ifndef _STL_FUNCTION_H #define _STL_FUNCTION_H 1 #if __cplusplus > 201103L #include <bits/move.h> #endif namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default) { _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION // 20.3.1 base classes /** @defgroup functors Function Objects * @ingroup utilities * * Function objects, or @e functors, are objects with an @c operator() * defined and accessible. They can be passed as arguments to algorithm * templates and used in place of a function pointer. Not only is the * resulting expressiveness of the library increased, but the generated * code can be more efficient than what you might write by hand. When we * refer to @a functors, then, generally we include function pointers in * the description as well. * * Often, functors are only created as temporaries passed to algorithm * calls, rather than being created as named variables. * * Two examples taken from the standard itself follow. To perform a * by-element addition of two vectors @c a and @c b containing @c double, * and put the result in @c a, use * \code * transform (a.begin(), a.end(), b.begin(), a.begin(), plus<double>()); * \endcode * To negate every element in @c a, use * \code * transform(a.begin(), a.end(), a.begin(), negate<double>()); * \endcode * The addition and negation functions will be inlined directly. * * The standard functors are derived from structs named @c unary_function * and @c binary_function. These two classes contain nothing but typedefs, * to aid in generic (template) programming. If you write your own * functors, you might consider doing the same. * * @{ */ /** * This is one of the @link functors functor base classes@endlink. */ template<typename _Arg, typename _Result> struct unary_function { /// @c argument_type is the type of the argument typedef _Arg argument_type; /// @c result_type is the return type typedef _Result result_type; }; /** * This is one of the @link functors functor base classes@endlink. */ template<typename _Arg1, typename _Arg2, typename _Result> struct binary_function { /// @c first_argument_type is the type of the first argument typedef _Arg1 first_argument_type; /// @c second_argument_type is the type of the second argument typedef _Arg2 second_argument_type; /// @c result_type is the return type typedef _Result result_type; }; /** @} */ // 20.3.2 arithmetic /** @defgroup arithmetic_functors Arithmetic Classes * @ingroup functors * * Because basic math often needs to be done during an algorithm, * the library provides functors for those operations. See the * documentation for @link functors the base classes@endlink * for examples of their use. * * @{ */ #if __cplusplus > 201103L struct __is_transparent; // undefined template<typename _Tp = void> struct plus; template<typename _Tp = void> struct minus; template<typename _Tp = void> struct multiplies; template<typename _Tp = void> struct divides; template<typename _Tp = void> struct modulus; template<typename _Tp = void> struct negate; #endif /// One of the @link arithmetic_functors math functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct plus : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, _Tp> { _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x + __y; } }; /// One of the @link arithmetic_functors math functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct minus : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, _Tp> { _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x - __y; } }; /// One of the @link arithmetic_functors math functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct multiplies : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, _Tp> { _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x * __y; } }; /// One of the @link arithmetic_functors math functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct divides : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, _Tp> { _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x / __y; } }; /// One of the @link arithmetic_functors math functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct modulus : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, _Tp> { _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x % __y; } }; /// One of the @link arithmetic_functors math functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct negate : public unary_function<_Tp, _Tp> { _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x) const { return -__x; } }; #if __cplusplus > 201103L #define __cpp_lib_transparent_operators 201210 //#define __cpp_lib_generic_associative_lookup 201304 template<> struct plus<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) + std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) + std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) + std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; /// One of the @link arithmetic_functors math functors@endlink. template<> struct minus<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) - std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) - std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) - std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; /// One of the @link arithmetic_functors math functors@endlink. template<> struct multiplies<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) * std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) * std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) * std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; /// One of the @link arithmetic_functors math functors@endlink. template<> struct divides<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) / std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) / std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) / std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; /// One of the @link arithmetic_functors math functors@endlink. template<> struct modulus<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) % std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) % std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) % std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; /// One of the @link arithmetic_functors math functors@endlink. template<> struct negate<void> { template <typename _Tp> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t) const noexcept(noexcept(-std::forward<_Tp>(__t))) -> decltype(-std::forward<_Tp>(__t)) { return -std::forward<_Tp>(__t); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; #endif /** @} */ // 20.3.3 comparisons /** @defgroup comparison_functors Comparison Classes * @ingroup functors * * The library provides six wrapper functors for all the basic comparisons * in C++, like @c <. * * @{ */ #if __cplusplus > 201103L template<typename _Tp = void> struct equal_to; template<typename _Tp = void> struct not_equal_to; template<typename _Tp = void> struct greater; template<typename _Tp = void> struct less; template<typename _Tp = void> struct greater_equal; template<typename _Tp = void> struct less_equal; #endif /// One of the @link comparison_functors comparison functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct equal_to : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> { bool operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x == __y; } }; /// One of the @link comparison_functors comparison functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct not_equal_to : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> { bool operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x != __y; } }; /// One of the @link comparison_functors comparison functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct greater : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> { bool operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x > __y; } }; /// One of the @link comparison_functors comparison functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct less : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> { bool operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x < __y; } }; /// One of the @link comparison_functors comparison functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct greater_equal : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> { bool operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x >= __y; } }; /// One of the @link comparison_functors comparison functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct less_equal : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> { bool operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x <= __y; } }; #if __cplusplus > 201103L /// One of the @link comparison_functors comparison functors@endlink. template<> struct equal_to<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) == std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) == std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) == std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; /// One of the @link comparison_functors comparison functors@endlink. template<> struct not_equal_to<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) != std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) != std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) != std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; /// One of the @link comparison_functors comparison functors@endlink. template<> struct greater<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) > std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) > std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) > std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; /// One of the @link comparison_functors comparison functors@endlink. template<> struct less<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) < std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) < std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) < std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; /// One of the @link comparison_functors comparison functors@endlink. template<> struct greater_equal<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) >= std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) >= std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) >= std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; /// One of the @link comparison_functors comparison functors@endlink. template<> struct less_equal<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) <= std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) <= std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) <= std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; #endif /** @} */ // 20.3.4 logical operations /** @defgroup logical_functors Boolean Operations Classes * @ingroup functors * * Here are wrapper functors for Boolean operations: @c &&, @c ||, * and @c !. * * @{ */ #if __cplusplus > 201103L template<typename _Tp = void> struct logical_and; template<typename _Tp = void> struct logical_or; template<typename _Tp = void> struct logical_not; #endif /// One of the @link logical_functors Boolean operations functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct logical_and : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> { bool operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x && __y; } }; /// One of the @link logical_functors Boolean operations functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct logical_or : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> { bool operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x || __y; } }; /// One of the @link logical_functors Boolean operations functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct logical_not : public unary_function<_Tp, bool> { bool operator()(const _Tp& __x) const { return !__x; } }; #if __cplusplus > 201103L /// One of the @link logical_functors Boolean operations functors@endlink. template<> struct logical_and<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) && std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) && std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) && std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; /// One of the @link logical_functors Boolean operations functors@endlink. template<> struct logical_or<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) || std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) || std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) || std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; /// One of the @link logical_functors Boolean operations functors@endlink. template<> struct logical_not<void> { template <typename _Tp> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t) const noexcept(noexcept(!std::forward<_Tp>(__t))) -> decltype(!std::forward<_Tp>(__t)) { return !std::forward<_Tp>(__t); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; #endif /** @} */ #if __cplusplus > 201103L template<typename _Tp = void> struct bit_and; template<typename _Tp = void> struct bit_or; template<typename _Tp = void> struct bit_xor; template<typename _Tp = void> struct bit_not; #endif // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS // DR 660. Missing Bitwise Operations. template<typename _Tp> struct bit_and : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, _Tp> { _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x & __y; } }; template<typename _Tp> struct bit_or : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, _Tp> { _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x | __y; } }; template<typename _Tp> struct bit_xor : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, _Tp> { _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x ^ __y; } }; template<typename _Tp> struct bit_not : public unary_function<_Tp, _Tp> { _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x) const { return ~__x; } }; #if __cplusplus > 201103L template <> struct bit_and<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) & std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) & std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) & std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; template <> struct bit_or<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) | std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) | std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) | std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; template <> struct bit_xor<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) ^ std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) ^ std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) ^ std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; template <> struct bit_not<void> { template <typename _Tp> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t) const noexcept(noexcept(~std::forward<_Tp>(__t))) -> decltype(~std::forward<_Tp>(__t)) { return ~std::forward<_Tp>(__t); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; #endif // 20.3.5 negators /** @defgroup negators Negators * @ingroup functors * * The functions @c not1 and @c not2 each take a predicate functor * and return an instance of @c unary_negate or * @c binary_negate, respectively. These classes are functors whose * @c operator() performs the stored predicate function and then returns * the negation of the result. * * For example, given a vector of integers and a trivial predicate, * \code * struct IntGreaterThanThree * : public std::unary_function<int, bool> * { * bool operator() (int x) { return x > 3; } * }; * * std::find_if (v.begin(), v.end(), not1(IntGreaterThanThree())); * \endcode * The call to @c find_if will locate the first index (i) of @c v for which * <code>!(v[i] > 3)</code> is true. * * The not1/unary_negate combination works on predicates taking a single * argument. The not2/binary_negate combination works on predicates which * take two arguments. * * @{ */ /// One of the @link negators negation functors@endlink. template<typename _Predicate> class unary_negate : public unary_function<typename _Predicate::argument_type, bool> { protected: _Predicate _M_pred; public: explicit unary_negate(const _Predicate& __x) : _M_pred(__x) { } bool operator()(const typename _Predicate::argument_type& __x) const { return !_M_pred(__x); } }; /// One of the @link negators negation functors@endlink. template<typename _Predicate> inline unary_negate<_Predicate> not1(const _Predicate& __pred) { return unary_negate<_Predicate>(__pred); } /// One of the @link negators negation functors@endlink. template<typename _Predicate> class binary_negate : public binary_function<typename _Predicate::first_argument_type, typename _Predicate::second_argument_type, bool> { protected: _Predicate _M_pred; public: explicit binary_negate(const _Predicate& __x) : _M_pred(__x) { } bool operator()(const typename _Predicate::first_argument_type& __x, const typename _Predicate::second_argument_type& __y) const { return !_M_pred(__x, __y); } }; /// One of the @link negators negation functors@endlink. template<typename _Predicate> inline binary_negate<_Predicate> not2(const _Predicate& __pred) { return binary_negate<_Predicate>(__pred); } /** @} */ // 20.3.7 adaptors pointers functions /** @defgroup pointer_adaptors Adaptors for pointers to functions * @ingroup functors * * The advantage of function objects over pointers to functions is that * the objects in the standard library declare nested typedefs describing * their argument and result types with uniform names (e.g., @c result_type * from the base classes @c unary_function and @c binary_function). * Sometimes those typedefs are required, not just optional. * * Adaptors are provided to turn pointers to unary (single-argument) and * binary (double-argument) functions into function objects. The * long-winded functor @c pointer_to_unary_function is constructed with a * function pointer @c f, and its @c operator() called with argument @c x * returns @c f(x). The functor @c pointer_to_binary_function does the same * thing, but with a double-argument @c f and @c operator(). * * The function @c ptr_fun takes a pointer-to-function @c f and constructs * an instance of the appropriate functor. * * @{ */ /// One of the @link pointer_adaptors adaptors for function pointers@endlink. template<typename _Arg, typename _Result> class pointer_to_unary_function : public unary_function<_Arg, _Result> { protected: _Result (*_M_ptr)(_Arg); public: pointer_to_unary_function() { } explicit pointer_to_unary_function(_Result (*__x)(_Arg)) : _M_ptr(__x) { } _Result operator()(_Arg __x) const { return _M_ptr(__x); } }; /// One of the @link pointer_adaptors adaptors for function pointers@endlink. template<typename _Arg, typename _Result> inline pointer_to_unary_function<_Arg, _Result> ptr_fun(_Result (*__x)(_Arg)) { return pointer_to_unary_function<_Arg, _Result>(__x); } /// One of the @link pointer_adaptors adaptors for function pointers@endlink. template<typename _Arg1, typename _Arg2, typename _Result> class pointer_to_binary_function : public binary_function<_Arg1, _Arg2, _Result> { protected: _Result (*_M_ptr)(_Arg1, _Arg2); public: pointer_to_binary_function() { } explicit pointer_to_binary_function(_Result (*__x)(_Arg1, _Arg2)) : _M_ptr(__x) { } _Result operator()(_Arg1 __x, _Arg2 __y) const { return _M_ptr(__x, __y); } }; /// One of the @link pointer_adaptors adaptors for function pointers@endlink. template<typename _Arg1, typename _Arg2, typename _Result> inline pointer_to_binary_function<_Arg1, _Arg2, _Result> ptr_fun(_Result (*__x)(_Arg1, _Arg2)) { return pointer_to_binary_function<_Arg1, _Arg2, _Result>(__x); } /** @} */ template<typename _Tp> struct _Identity : public unary_function<_Tp,_Tp> { _Tp& operator()(_Tp& __x) const { return __x; } const _Tp& operator()(const _Tp& __x) const { return __x; } }; template<typename _Pair> struct _Select1st : public unary_function<_Pair, typename _Pair::first_type> { typename _Pair::first_type& operator()(_Pair& __x) const { return __x.first; } const typename _Pair::first_type& operator()(const _Pair& __x) const { return __x.first; } #if __cplusplus >= 201103L template<typename _Pair2> typename _Pair2::first_type& operator()(_Pair2& __x) const { return __x.first; } template<typename _Pair2> const typename _Pair2::first_type& operator()(const _Pair2& __x) const { return __x.first; } #endif }; template<typename _Pair> struct _Select2nd : public unary_function<_Pair, typename _Pair::second_type> { typename _Pair::second_type& operator()(_Pair& __x) const { return __x.second; } const typename _Pair::second_type& operator()(const _Pair& __x) const { return __x.second; } }; // 20.3.8 adaptors pointers members /** @defgroup memory_adaptors Adaptors for pointers to members * @ingroup functors * * There are a total of 8 = 2^3 function objects in this family. * (1) Member functions taking no arguments vs member functions taking * one argument. * (2) Call through pointer vs call through reference. * (3) Const vs non-const member function. * * All of this complexity is in the function objects themselves. You can * ignore it by using the helper function mem_fun and mem_fun_ref, * which create whichever type of adaptor is appropriate. * * @{ */ /// One of the @link memory_adaptors adaptors for member /// pointers@endlink. template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp> class mem_fun_t : public unary_function<_Tp*, _Ret> { public: explicit mem_fun_t(_Ret (_Tp::*__pf)()) : _M_f(__pf) { } _Ret operator()(_Tp* __p) const { return (__p->*_M_f)(); } private: _Ret (_Tp::*_M_f)(); }; /// One of the @link memory_adaptors adaptors for member /// pointers@endlink. template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp> class const_mem_fun_t : public unary_function<const _Tp*, _Ret> { public: explicit const_mem_fun_t(_Ret (_Tp::*__pf)() const) : _M_f(__pf) { } _Ret operator()(const _Tp* __p) const { return (__p->*_M_f)(); } private: _Ret (_Tp::*_M_f)() const; }; /// One of the @link memory_adaptors adaptors for member /// pointers@endlink. template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp> class mem_fun_ref_t : public unary_function<_Tp, _Ret> { public: explicit mem_fun_ref_t(_Ret (_Tp::*__pf)()) : _M_f(__pf) { } _Ret operator()(_Tp& __r) const { return (__r.*_M_f)(); } private: _Ret (_Tp::*_M_f)(); }; /// One of the @link memory_adaptors adaptors for member /// pointers@endlink. template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp> class const_mem_fun_ref_t : public unary_function<_Tp, _Ret> { public: explicit const_mem_fun_ref_t(_Ret (_Tp::*__pf)() const) : _M_f(__pf) { } _Ret operator()(const _Tp& __r) const { return (__r.*_M_f)(); } private: _Ret (_Tp::*_M_f)() const; }; /// One of the @link memory_adaptors adaptors for member /// pointers@endlink. template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp, typename _Arg> class mem_fun1_t : public binary_function<_Tp*, _Arg, _Ret> { public: explicit mem_fun1_t(_Ret (_Tp::*__pf)(_Arg)) : _M_f(__pf) { } _Ret operator()(_Tp* __p, _Arg __x) const { return (__p->*_M_f)(__x); } private: _Ret (_Tp::*_M_f)(_Arg); }; /// One of the @link memory_adaptors adaptors for member /// pointers@endlink. template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp, typename _Arg> class const_mem_fun1_t : public binary_function<const _Tp*, _Arg, _Ret> { public: explicit const_mem_fun1_t(_Ret (_Tp::*__pf)(_Arg) const) : _M_f(__pf) { } _Ret operator()(const _Tp* __p, _Arg __x) const { return (__p->*_M_f)(__x); } private: _Ret (_Tp::*_M_f)(_Arg) const; }; /// One of the @link memory_adaptors adaptors for member /// pointers@endlink. template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp, typename _Arg> class mem_fun1_ref_t : public binary_function<_Tp, _Arg, _Ret> { public: explicit mem_fun1_ref_t(_Ret (_Tp::*__pf)(_Arg)) : _M_f(__pf) { } _Ret operator()(_Tp& __r, _Arg __x) const { return (__r.*_M_f)(__x); } private: _Ret (_Tp::*_M_f)(_Arg); }; /// One of the @link memory_adaptors adaptors for member /// pointers@endlink. template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp, typename _Arg> class const_mem_fun1_ref_t : public binary_function<_Tp, _Arg, _Ret> { public: explicit const_mem_fun1_ref_t(_Ret (_Tp::*__pf)(_Arg) const) : _M_f(__pf) { } _Ret operator()(const _Tp& __r, _Arg __x) const { return (__r.*_M_f)(__x); } private: _Ret (_Tp::*_M_f)(_Arg) const; }; // Mem_fun adaptor helper functions. There are only two: // mem_fun and mem_fun_ref. template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp> inline mem_fun_t<_Ret, _Tp> mem_fun(_Ret (_Tp::*__f)()) { return mem_fun_t<_Ret, _Tp>(__f); } template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp> inline const_mem_fun_t<_Ret, _Tp> mem_fun(_Ret (_Tp::*__f)() const) { return const_mem_fun_t<_Ret, _Tp>(__f); } template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp> inline mem_fun_ref_t<_Ret, _Tp> mem_fun_ref(_Ret (_Tp::*__f)()) { return mem_fun_ref_t<_Ret, _Tp>(__f); } template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp> inline const_mem_fun_ref_t<_Ret, _Tp> mem_fun_ref(_Ret (_Tp::*__f)() const) { return const_mem_fun_ref_t<_Ret, _Tp>(__f); } template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp, typename _Arg> inline mem_fun1_t<_Ret, _Tp, _Arg> mem_fun(_Ret (_Tp::*__f)(_Arg)) { return mem_fun1_t<_Ret, _Tp, _Arg>(__f); } template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp, typename _Arg> inline const_mem_fun1_t<_Ret, _Tp, _Arg> mem_fun(_Ret (_Tp::*__f)(_Arg) const) { return const_mem_fun1_t<_Ret, _Tp, _Arg>(__f); } template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp, typename _Arg> inline mem_fun1_ref_t<_Ret, _Tp, _Arg> mem_fun_ref(_Ret (_Tp::*__f)(_Arg)) { return mem_fun1_ref_t<_Ret, _Tp, _Arg>(__f); } template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp, typename _Arg> inline const_mem_fun1_ref_t<_Ret, _Tp, _Arg> mem_fun_ref(_Ret (_Tp::*__f)(_Arg) const) { return const_mem_fun1_ref_t<_Ret, _Tp, _Arg>(__f); } /** @} */ _GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION } // namespace #if (__cplusplus < 201103L) || _GLIBCXX_USE_DEPRECATED # include <backward/binders.h> #endif #endif /* _STL_FUNCTION_H */
最新发布
10-24
此代码报错如下,如何修改?// Functor implementations -*- C++ -*- // Copyright (C) 2001-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc. // // This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library. This library is free // software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the // terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the // Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) // any later version. // This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the // GNU General Public License for more details. // Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional // permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version // 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation. // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and // a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program; // see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively. If not, see // <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. /* * * Copyright (c) 1994 * Hewlett-Packard Company * * Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software * and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee, * provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and * that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear * in supporting documentation. Hewlett-Packard Company makes no * representations about the suitability of this software for any * purpose. It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty. * * * Copyright (c) 1996-1998 * Silicon Graphics Computer Systems, Inc. * * Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software * and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee, * provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and * that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear * in supporting documentation. Silicon Graphics makes no * representations about the suitability of this software for any * purpose. It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty. */ /** @file bits/stl_function.h * This is an internal header file, included by other library headers. * Do not attempt to use it directly. @headername{functional} */ #ifndef _STL_FUNCTION_H #define _STL_FUNCTION_H 1 #if __cplusplus > 201103L #include <bits/move.h> #endif namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default) { _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION // 20.3.1 base classes /** @defgroup functors Function Objects * @ingroup utilities * * Function objects, or @e functors, are objects with an @c operator() * defined and accessible. They can be passed as arguments to algorithm * templates and used in place of a function pointer. Not only is the * resulting expressiveness of the library increased, but the generated * code can be more efficient than what you might write by hand. When we * refer to @a functors, then, generally we include function pointers in * the description as well. * * Often, functors are only created as temporaries passed to algorithm * calls, rather than being created as named variables. * * Two examples taken from the standard itself follow. To perform a * by-element addition of two vectors @c a and @c b containing @c double, * and put the result in @c a, use * \code * transform (a.begin(), a.end(), b.begin(), a.begin(), plus<double>()); * \endcode * To negate every element in @c a, use * \code * transform(a.begin(), a.end(), a.begin(), negate<double>()); * \endcode * The addition and negation functions will be inlined directly. * * The standard functors are derived from structs named @c unary_function * and @c binary_function. These two classes contain nothing but typedefs, * to aid in generic (template) programming. If you write your own * functors, you might consider doing the same. * * @{ */ /** * This is one of the @link functors functor base classes@endlink. */ template<typename _Arg, typename _Result> struct unary_function { /// @c argument_type is the type of the argument typedef _Arg argument_type; /// @c result_type is the return type typedef _Result result_type; }; /** * This is one of the @link functors functor base classes@endlink. */ template<typename _Arg1, typename _Arg2, typename _Result> struct binary_function { /// @c first_argument_type is the type of the first argument typedef _Arg1 first_argument_type; /// @c second_argument_type is the type of the second argument typedef _Arg2 second_argument_type; /// @c result_type is the return type typedef _Result result_type; }; /** @} */ // 20.3.2 arithmetic /** @defgroup arithmetic_functors Arithmetic Classes * @ingroup functors * * Because basic math often needs to be done during an algorithm, * the library provides functors for those operations. See the * documentation for @link functors the base classes@endlink * for examples of their use. * * @{ */ #if __cplusplus > 201103L struct __is_transparent; // undefined template<typename _Tp = void> struct plus; template<typename _Tp = void> struct minus; template<typename _Tp = void> struct multiplies; template<typename _Tp = void> struct divides; template<typename _Tp = void> struct modulus; template<typename _Tp = void> struct negate; #endif /// One of the @link arithmetic_functors math functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct plus : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, _Tp> { _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x + __y; } }; /// One of the @link arithmetic_functors math functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct minus : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, _Tp> { _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x - __y; } }; /// One of the @link arithmetic_functors math functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct multiplies : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, _Tp> { _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x * __y; } }; /// One of the @link arithmetic_functors math functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct divides : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, _Tp> { _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x / __y; } }; /// One of the @link arithmetic_functors math functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct modulus : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, _Tp> { _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x % __y; } }; /// One of the @link arithmetic_functors math functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct negate : public unary_function<_Tp, _Tp> { _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x) const { return -__x; } }; #if __cplusplus > 201103L #define __cpp_lib_transparent_operators 201210 //#define __cpp_lib_generic_associative_lookup 201304 template<> struct plus<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) + std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) + std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) + std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; /// One of the @link arithmetic_functors math functors@endlink. template<> struct minus<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) - std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) - std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) - std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; /// One of the @link arithmetic_functors math functors@endlink. template<> struct multiplies<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) * std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) * std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) * std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; /// One of the @link arithmetic_functors math functors@endlink. template<> struct divides<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) / std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) / std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) / std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; /// One of the @link arithmetic_functors math functors@endlink. template<> struct modulus<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) % std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) % std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) % std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; /// One of the @link arithmetic_functors math functors@endlink. template<> struct negate<void> { template <typename _Tp> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t) const noexcept(noexcept(-std::forward<_Tp>(__t))) -> decltype(-std::forward<_Tp>(__t)) { return -std::forward<_Tp>(__t); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; #endif /** @} */ // 20.3.3 comparisons /** @defgroup comparison_functors Comparison Classes * @ingroup functors * * The library provides six wrapper functors for all the basic comparisons * in C++, like @c <. * * @{ */ #if __cplusplus > 201103L template<typename _Tp = void> struct equal_to; template<typename _Tp = void> struct not_equal_to; template<typename _Tp = void> struct greater; template<typename _Tp = void> struct less; template<typename _Tp = void> struct greater_equal; template<typename _Tp = void> struct less_equal; #endif /// One of the @link comparison_functors comparison functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct equal_to : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> { bool operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x == __y; } }; /// One of the @link comparison_functors comparison functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct not_equal_to : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> { bool operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x != __y; } }; /// One of the @link comparison_functors comparison functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct greater : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> { bool operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x > __y; } }; /// One of the @link comparison_functors comparison functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct less : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> { bool operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x < __y; } }; /// One of the @link comparison_functors comparison functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct greater_equal : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> { bool operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x >= __y; } }; /// One of the @link comparison_functors comparison functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct less_equal : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> { bool operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x <= __y; } }; #if __cplusplus > 201103L /// One of the @link comparison_functors comparison functors@endlink. template<> struct equal_to<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) == std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) == std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) == std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; /// One of the @link comparison_functors comparison functors@endlink. template<> struct not_equal_to<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) != std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) != std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) != std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; /// One of the @link comparison_functors comparison functors@endlink. template<> struct greater<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) > std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) > std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) > std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; /// One of the @link comparison_functors comparison functors@endlink. template<> struct less<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) < std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) < std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) < std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; /// One of the @link comparison_functors comparison functors@endlink. template<> struct greater_equal<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) >= std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) >= std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) >= std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; /// One of the @link comparison_functors comparison functors@endlink. template<> struct less_equal<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) <= std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) <= std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) <= std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; #endif /** @} */ // 20.3.4 logical operations /** @defgroup logical_functors Boolean Operations Classes * @ingroup functors * * Here are wrapper functors for Boolean operations: @c &&, @c ||, * and @c !. * * @{ */ #if __cplusplus > 201103L template<typename _Tp = void> struct logical_and; template<typename _Tp = void> struct logical_or; template<typename _Tp = void> struct logical_not; #endif /// One of the @link logical_functors Boolean operations functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct logical_and : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> { bool operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x && __y; } }; /// One of the @link logical_functors Boolean operations functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct logical_or : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> { bool operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x || __y; } }; /// One of the @link logical_functors Boolean operations functors@endlink. template<typename _Tp> struct logical_not : public unary_function<_Tp, bool> { bool operator()(const _Tp& __x) const { return !__x; } }; #if __cplusplus > 201103L /// One of the @link logical_functors Boolean operations functors@endlink. template<> struct logical_and<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) && std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) && std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) && std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; /// One of the @link logical_functors Boolean operations functors@endlink. template<> struct logical_or<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) || std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) || std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) || std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; /// One of the @link logical_functors Boolean operations functors@endlink. template<> struct logical_not<void> { template <typename _Tp> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t) const noexcept(noexcept(!std::forward<_Tp>(__t))) -> decltype(!std::forward<_Tp>(__t)) { return !std::forward<_Tp>(__t); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; #endif /** @} */ #if __cplusplus > 201103L template<typename _Tp = void> struct bit_and; template<typename _Tp = void> struct bit_or; template<typename _Tp = void> struct bit_xor; template<typename _Tp = void> struct bit_not; #endif // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS // DR 660. Missing Bitwise Operations. template<typename _Tp> struct bit_and : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, _Tp> { _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x & __y; } }; template<typename _Tp> struct bit_or : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, _Tp> { _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x | __y; } }; template<typename _Tp> struct bit_xor : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, _Tp> { _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const { return __x ^ __y; } }; template<typename _Tp> struct bit_not : public unary_function<_Tp, _Tp> { _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x) const { return ~__x; } }; #if __cplusplus > 201103L template <> struct bit_and<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) & std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) & std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) & std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; template <> struct bit_or<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) | std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) | std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) | std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; template <> struct bit_xor<void> { template <typename _Tp, typename _Up> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t, _Up&& __u) const noexcept(noexcept(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) ^ std::forward<_Up>(__u))) -> decltype(std::forward<_Tp>(__t) ^ std::forward<_Up>(__u)) { return std::forward<_Tp>(__t) ^ std::forward<_Up>(__u); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; template <> struct bit_not<void> { template <typename _Tp> auto operator()(_Tp&& __t) const noexcept(noexcept(~std::forward<_Tp>(__t))) -> decltype(~std::forward<_Tp>(__t)) { return ~std::forward<_Tp>(__t); } typedef __is_transparent is_transparent; }; #endif // 20.3.5 negators /** @defgroup negators Negators * @ingroup functors * * The functions @c not1 and @c not2 each take a predicate functor * and return an instance of @c unary_negate or * @c binary_negate, respectively. These classes are functors whose * @c operator() performs the stored predicate function and then returns * the negation of the result. * * For example, given a vector of integers and a trivial predicate, * \code * struct IntGreaterThanThree * : public std::unary_function<int, bool> * { * bool operator() (int x) { return x > 3; } * }; * * std::find_if (v.begin(), v.end(), not1(IntGreaterThanThree())); * \endcode * The call to @c find_if will locate the first index (i) of @c v for which * <code>!(v[i] > 3)</code> is true. * * The not1/unary_negate combination works on predicates taking a single * argument. The not2/binary_negate combination works on predicates which * take two arguments. * * @{ */ /// One of the @link negators negation functors@endlink. template<typename _Predicate> class unary_negate : public unary_function<typename _Predicate::argument_type, bool> { protected: _Predicate _M_pred; public: explicit unary_negate(const _Predicate& __x) : _M_pred(__x) { } bool operator()(const typename _Predicate::argument_type& __x) const { return !_M_pred(__x); } }; /// One of the @link negators negation functors@endlink. template<typename _Predicate> inline unary_negate<_Predicate> not1(const _Predicate& __pred) { return unary_negate<_Predicate>(__pred); } /// One of the @link negators negation functors@endlink. template<typename _Predicate> class binary_negate : public binary_function<typename _Predicate::first_argument_type, typename _Predicate::second_argument_type, bool> { protected: _Predicate _M_pred; public: explicit binary_negate(const _Predicate& __x) : _M_pred(__x) { } bool operator()(const typename _Predicate::first_argument_type& __x, const typename _Predicate::second_argument_type& __y) const { return !_M_pred(__x, __y); } }; /// One of the @link negators negation functors@endlink. template<typename _Predicate> inline binary_negate<_Predicate> not2(const _Predicate& __pred) { return binary_negate<_Predicate>(__pred); } /** @} */ // 20.3.7 adaptors pointers functions /** @defgroup pointer_adaptors Adaptors for pointers to functions * @ingroup functors * * The advantage of function objects over pointers to functions is that * the objects in the standard library declare nested typedefs describing * their argument and result types with uniform names (e.g., @c result_type * from the base classes @c unary_function and @c binary_function). * Sometimes those typedefs are required, not just optional. * * Adaptors are provided to turn pointers to unary (single-argument) and * binary (double-argument) functions into function objects. The * long-winded functor @c pointer_to_unary_function is constructed with a * function pointer @c f, and its @c operator() called with argument @c x * returns @c f(x). The functor @c pointer_to_binary_function does the same * thing, but with a double-argument @c f and @c operator(). * * The function @c ptr_fun takes a pointer-to-function @c f and constructs * an instance of the appropriate functor. * * @{ */ /// One of the @link pointer_adaptors adaptors for function pointers@endlink. template<typename _Arg, typename _Result> class pointer_to_unary_function : public unary_function<_Arg, _Result> { protected: _Result (*_M_ptr)(_Arg); public: pointer_to_unary_function() { } explicit pointer_to_unary_function(_Result (*__x)(_Arg)) : _M_ptr(__x) { } _Result operator()(_Arg __x) const { return _M_ptr(__x); } }; /// One of the @link pointer_adaptors adaptors for function pointers@endlink. template<typename _Arg, typename _Result> inline pointer_to_unary_function<_Arg, _Result> ptr_fun(_Result (*__x)(_Arg)) { return pointer_to_unary_function<_Arg, _Result>(__x); } /// One of the @link pointer_adaptors adaptors for function pointers@endlink. template<typename _Arg1, typename _Arg2, typename _Result> class pointer_to_binary_function : public binary_function<_Arg1, _Arg2, _Result> { protected: _Result (*_M_ptr)(_Arg1, _Arg2); public: pointer_to_binary_function() { } explicit pointer_to_binary_function(_Result (*__x)(_Arg1, _Arg2)) : _M_ptr(__x) { } _Result operator()(_Arg1 __x, _Arg2 __y) const { return _M_ptr(__x, __y); } }; /// One of the @link pointer_adaptors adaptors for function pointers@endlink. template<typename _Arg1, typename _Arg2, typename _Result> inline pointer_to_binary_function<_Arg1, _Arg2, _Result> ptr_fun(_Result (*__x)(_Arg1, _Arg2)) { return pointer_to_binary_function<_Arg1, _Arg2, _Result>(__x); } /** @} */ template<typename _Tp> struct _Identity : public unary_function<_Tp,_Tp> { _Tp& operator()(_Tp& __x) const { return __x; } const _Tp& operator()(const _Tp& __x) const { return __x; } }; template<typename _Pair> struct _Select1st : public unary_function<_Pair, typename _Pair::first_type> { typename _Pair::first_type& operator()(_Pair& __x) const { return __x.first; } const typename _Pair::first_type& operator()(const _Pair& __x) const { return __x.first; } #if __cplusplus >= 201103L template<typename _Pair2> typename _Pair2::first_type& operator()(_Pair2& __x) const { return __x.first; } template<typename _Pair2> const typename _Pair2::first_type& operator()(const _Pair2& __x) const { return __x.first; } #endif }; template<typename _Pair> struct _Select2nd : public unary_function<_Pair, typename _Pair::second_type> { typename _Pair::second_type& operator()(_Pair& __x) const { return __x.second; } const typename _Pair::second_type& operator()(const _Pair& __x) const { return __x.second; } }; // 20.3.8 adaptors pointers members /** @defgroup memory_adaptors Adaptors for pointers to members * @ingroup functors * * There are a total of 8 = 2^3 function objects in this family. * (1) Member functions taking no arguments vs member functions taking * one argument. * (2) Call through pointer vs call through reference. * (3) Const vs non-const member function. * * All of this complexity is in the function objects themselves. You can * ignore it by using the helper function mem_fun and mem_fun_ref, * which create whichever type of adaptor is appropriate. * * @{ */ /// One of the @link memory_adaptors adaptors for member /// pointers@endlink. template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp> class mem_fun_t : public unary_function<_Tp*, _Ret> { public: explicit mem_fun_t(_Ret (_Tp::*__pf)()) : _M_f(__pf) { } _Ret operator()(_Tp* __p) const { return (__p->*_M_f)(); } private: _Ret (_Tp::*_M_f)(); }; /// One of the @link memory_adaptors adaptors for member /// pointers@endlink. template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp> class const_mem_fun_t : public unary_function<const _Tp*, _Ret> { public: explicit const_mem_fun_t(_Ret (_Tp::*__pf)() const) : _M_f(__pf) { } _Ret operator()(const _Tp* __p) const { return (__p->*_M_f)(); } private: _Ret (_Tp::*_M_f)() const; }; /// One of the @link memory_adaptors adaptors for member /// pointers@endlink. template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp> class mem_fun_ref_t : public unary_function<_Tp, _Ret> { public: explicit mem_fun_ref_t(_Ret (_Tp::*__pf)()) : _M_f(__pf) { } _Ret operator()(_Tp& __r) const { return (__r.*_M_f)(); } private: _Ret (_Tp::*_M_f)(); }; /// One of the @link memory_adaptors adaptors for member /// pointers@endlink. template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp> class const_mem_fun_ref_t : public unary_function<_Tp, _Ret> { public: explicit const_mem_fun_ref_t(_Ret (_Tp::*__pf)() const) : _M_f(__pf) { } _Ret operator()(const _Tp& __r) const { return (__r.*_M_f)(); } private: _Ret (_Tp::*_M_f)() const; }; /// One of the @link memory_adaptors adaptors for member /// pointers@endlink. template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp, typename _Arg> class mem_fun1_t : public binary_function<_Tp*, _Arg, _Ret> { public: explicit mem_fun1_t(_Ret (_Tp::*__pf)(_Arg)) : _M_f(__pf) { } _Ret operator()(_Tp* __p, _Arg __x) const { return (__p->*_M_f)(__x); } private: _Ret (_Tp::*_M_f)(_Arg); }; /// One of the @link memory_adaptors adaptors for member /// pointers@endlink. template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp, typename _Arg> class const_mem_fun1_t : public binary_function<const _Tp*, _Arg, _Ret> { public: explicit const_mem_fun1_t(_Ret (_Tp::*__pf)(_Arg) const) : _M_f(__pf) { } _Ret operator()(const _Tp* __p, _Arg __x) const { return (__p->*_M_f)(__x); } private: _Ret (_Tp::*_M_f)(_Arg) const; }; /// One of the @link memory_adaptors adaptors for member /// pointers@endlink. template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp, typename _Arg> class mem_fun1_ref_t : public binary_function<_Tp, _Arg, _Ret> { public: explicit mem_fun1_ref_t(_Ret (_Tp::*__pf)(_Arg)) : _M_f(__pf) { } _Ret operator()(_Tp& __r, _Arg __x) const { return (__r.*_M_f)(__x); } private: _Ret (_Tp::*_M_f)(_Arg); }; /// One of the @link memory_adaptors adaptors for member /// pointers@endlink. template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp, typename _Arg> class const_mem_fun1_ref_t : public binary_function<_Tp, _Arg, _Ret> { public: explicit const_mem_fun1_ref_t(_Ret (_Tp::*__pf)(_Arg) const) : _M_f(__pf) { } _Ret operator()(const _Tp& __r, _Arg __x) const { return (__r.*_M_f)(__x); } private: _Ret (_Tp::*_M_f)(_Arg) const; }; // Mem_fun adaptor helper functions. There are only two: // mem_fun and mem_fun_ref. template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp> inline mem_fun_t<_Ret, _Tp> mem_fun(_Ret (_Tp::*__f)()) { return mem_fun_t<_Ret, _Tp>(__f); } template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp> inline const_mem_fun_t<_Ret, _Tp> mem_fun(_Ret (_Tp::*__f)() const) { return const_mem_fun_t<_Ret, _Tp>(__f); } template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp> inline mem_fun_ref_t<_Ret, _Tp> mem_fun_ref(_Ret (_Tp::*__f)()) { return mem_fun_ref_t<_Ret, _Tp>(__f); } template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp> inline const_mem_fun_ref_t<_Ret, _Tp> mem_fun_ref(_Ret (_Tp::*__f)() const) { return const_mem_fun_ref_t<_Ret, _Tp>(__f); } template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp, typename _Arg> inline mem_fun1_t<_Ret, _Tp, _Arg> mem_fun(_Ret (_Tp::*__f)(_Arg)) { return mem_fun1_t<_Ret, _Tp, _Arg>(__f); } template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp, typename _Arg> inline const_mem_fun1_t<_Ret, _Tp, _Arg> mem_fun(_Ret (_Tp::*__f)(_Arg) const) { return const_mem_fun1_t<_Ret, _Tp, _Arg>(__f); } template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp, typename _Arg> inline mem_fun1_ref_t<_Ret, _Tp, _Arg> mem_fun_ref(_Ret (_Tp::*__f)(_Arg)) { return mem_fun1_ref_t<_Ret, _Tp, _Arg>(__f); } template<typename _Ret, typename _Tp, typename _Arg> inline const_mem_fun1_ref_t<_Ret, _Tp, _Arg> mem_fun_ref(_Ret (_Tp::*__f)(_Arg) const) { return const_mem_fun1_ref_t<_Ret, _Tp, _Arg>(__f); } /** @} */ _GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION } // namespace #if (__cplusplus < 201103L) || _GLIBCXX_USE_DEPRECATED # include <backward/binders.h> #endif #endif /* _STL_FUNCTION_H */
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