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Spring事务配置的五种方式
前段时间对Spring的事务配置做了比较深入的研究，在此之间对Spring的事务配置虽说也配置过，但是一直没有一个清楚的认识。通过这次的学习发觉Spring的事务配置只要把思路理清，还是比较好掌握的。
总结如下：
Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。
DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。
具体如下图：
Spring事务配置 (2)
根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：
第一种方式：每个Bean都有一个代理
<?xml version=
"1.0"
encoding=
"UTF-8"
?>
<beans xmlns=
"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd"
>
<bean id=
"sessionFactory"
class=
"org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"
>
<property name=
"configLocation"
value=
"classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"
/>
<property name=
"configurationClass"
value=
"org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"
/>
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->
<bean id=
"transactionManager"
class=
"org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"
>
<property name=
"sessionFactory"
ref=
"sessionFactory"
/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置DAO -->
<bean id=
"userDaoTarget"
class=
"com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl"
>
<property name=
"sessionFactory"
ref=
"sessionFactory"
/>
</bean>
<bean id=
"userDao"
class=
"org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"
>
<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<property name=
"transactionManager"
ref=
"transactionManager"
/>
<property name=
"target"
ref=
"userDaoTarget"
/>
<property name=
"proxyInterfaces"
value=
"com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao"
/>
<!-- 配置事务属性 -->
<property name=
"transactionAttributes"
>
<props>
<prop key=
"*"
>PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
第二种方式：所有Bean共享一个代理基类
<?xml version=
"1.0"
encoding=
"UTF-8"
?>
<beans xmlns=
"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd"
>
<bean id=
"sessionFactory"
class=
"org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"
>
<property name=
"configLocation"
value=
"classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"
/>
<property name=
"configurationClass"
value=
"org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"
/>
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->
<bean id=
"transactionManager"
class=
"org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"
>
<property name=
"sessionFactory"
ref=
"sessionFactory"
/>
</bean>
<bean id=
"transactionBase"
class=
"org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"
lazy-init=
"true"
abstract=
"true"
>
<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<property name=
"transactionManager"
ref=
"transactionManager"
/>
<!-- 配置事务属性 -->
<property name=
"transactionAttributes"
>
<props>
<prop key=
"*"
>PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置DAO -->
<bean id=
"userDaoTarget"
class=
"com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl"
>
<property name=
"sessionFactory"
ref=
"sessionFactory"
/>
</bean>
<bean id=
"userDao"
parent=
"transactionBase"
>
<property name=
"target"
ref=
"userDaoTarget"
/>
</bean>
</beans>
第三种方式：使用拦截器
<?xml version=
"1.0"
encoding=
"UTF-8"
?>
<beans xmlns=
"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd"
>
<bean id=
"sessionFactory"
class=
"org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"
>
<property name=
"configLocation"
value=
"classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"
/>
<property name=
"configurationClass"
value=
"org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"
/>
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->
<bean id=
"transactionManager"
class=
"org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"
>
<property name=
"sessionFactory"
ref=
"sessionFactory"
/>
</bean>
<bean id=
"transactionInterceptor"
class=
"org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor"
>
<property name=
"transactionManager"
ref=
"transactionManager"
/>
<!-- 配置事务属性 -->
<property name=
"transactionAttributes"
>
<props>
<prop key=
"*"
>PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<bean class=
"org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator"
>
<property name=
"beanNames"
>
<list>
<value>*Dao</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name=
"interceptorNames"
>
<list>
<value>transactionInterceptor</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置DAO -->
<bean id=
"userDao"
class=
"com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl"
>
<property name=
"sessionFactory"
ref=
"sessionFactory"
/>
</bean>
</beans>
第四种方式：使用tx标签配置的拦截器
<?xml version=
"1.0"
encoding=
"UTF-8"
?>
<beans xmlns=
"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"
>
<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package=
"com.bluesky"
/>
<bean id=
"sessionFactory"
class=
"org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"
>
<property name=
"configLocation"
value=
"classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"
/>
<property name=
"configurationClass"
value=
"org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"
/>
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->
<bean id=
"transactionManager"
class=
"org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"
>
<property name=
"sessionFactory"
ref=
"sessionFactory"
/>
</bean>
<tx:advice id=
"txAdvice"
transaction-manager=
"transactionManager"
>
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name=
"*"
propagation=
"REQUIRED"
/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id=
"interceptorPointCuts"
expression=
"execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))"
/>
<aop:advisor advice-ref=
"txAdvice"
pointcut-ref=
"interceptorPointCuts"
/>
</aop:config>
</beans>
第五种方式：全注解
<?xml version=
"1.0"
encoding=
"UTF-8"
?>
<beans xmlns=
"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"
>
<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package=
"com.bluesky"
/>
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager=
"transactionManager"
/>
<bean id=
"sessionFactory"
class=
"org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"
>
<property name=
"configLocation"
value=
"classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"
/>
<property name=
"configurationClass"
value=
"org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"
/>
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->
<bean id=
"transactionManager"
class=
"org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"
>
<property name=
"sessionFactory"
ref=
"sessionFactory"
/>
</bean>
</beans>
此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解，如下：
package com.bluesky.spring.dao;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;
@Transactional
@Component(
"userDao"
)
public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {
public List<User> listUsers() {
return
this
.getSession().createQuery(
"from User"
).list();
}
}
|
spring事务配置
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