org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component异常解决办法

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本文详细解析了在部署Servlet过程中遇到的严重异常问题，通过分析错误日志，最终定位到WEB-INF/web.xml配置错误，特别是url-pattern未以/开头所导致的问题。

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最近在写servlet时碰到了以下异常：
十二月 09, 2018 9:40:37 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase startInternal

严重: A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/day07]]
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(Unknown Source)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:949)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:839)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase $S t a r t C h i l d . c a l l (C o n t a i n e r B a s e . j a v a : 1427) a t o r g . a p a c h e . c a t a l i n a . c o r e . C o n t a i n e r B a s e$ StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1417)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.InlineExecutorService.execute(InlineExecutorService.java:75)
at java.util.concurrent.AbstractExecutorService.submit(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:943)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:258)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:422)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:770)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:682)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:350)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:492)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/day07]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.handleSubClassException(LifecycleBase.java:441)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:198)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase $S t a r t C h i l d . c a l l (C o n t a i n e r B a s e . j a v a : 1427) a t o r g . a p a c h e . c a t a l i n a . c o r e . C o n t a i n e r B a s e$ StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1417)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.InlineExecutorService.execute(InlineExecutorService.java:75)
at java.util.concurrent.AbstractExecutorService.submit(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:943)
… 21 more
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Invalid [aa] in servlet mapping
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.addServletMappingDecoded(StandardContext.java:3120)
at org.apache.catalina.Context.addServletMappingDecoded(Context.java:879)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureContext(ContextConfig.java:1376)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.webConfig(ContextConfig.java:1187)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:765)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:299)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:123)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:4989)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
… 27 more

最后确定是WEB-INF/web.xml文件配置错误导致。

web.xml配置
注意。其中，url-pattern要以"/"开始。