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本文介绍如何在MySQL中配置字符集，包括通过修改my.cnf文件和使用SQL命令两种方式，并展示了如何验证设置是否生效。

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登录mysql

mysql -u root - p

#查看 character 相关的属性

SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%character%';

#会得到如下的结果：

+-------------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name                 | Value                      |
+--------------------------+---------------------------------+
| character_set_client          | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection      | utf8                       |
| character_set_database        | latin1                     |
| character_set_filesystem      | binary                     |
| character_set_results         | utf8                       |
| character_set_server          | latin1                     |
| character_set_system          | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir            | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+---------------------------------+

使用以下办法

#打开/etc/mysql/my.cnf

sudo gedit /etc/mysql/my.cnf

#在[client]内，添加 default-character-set 属性
[client]
...
...

default-character-set=utf8

#在[mysqld]内，添加default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
...
...

default-character-set=utf8

#重启 mysql

sudo service mysql restart

停用命令：sudo mysqladmin shutdown -u root -p

启用命令：

sudo /etc/init.d/mysql restart

或者：sudo mysqld_safe -user=mysql &

这样你可能因为你修改了my.cnf而导致启动不成功，这是你可以将

[mysqld]
...
...

default-character-set=utf8

替换为

default-character-set=utf8

然后就可以应该可以成功了。这方法来自http://www.2cto.com/database/201209/156679.html。

2.直接使用命令

set character_set_server='utf8',character_set_database='utf8';

不过每次启动都要设置一次。

便可以转换字体的编码。

+-------------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name                 | Value                      |
+--------------------------+---------------------------------+
| character_set_client          | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection      | utf8                       |
| character_set_database        | utf8                       |
| character_set_filesystem      | binary                     |
| character_set_results         | utf8                       |
| character_set_server          | utf8                       |
| character_set_system          | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir            | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+---------------------------------+

可以用source file执行sql脚本并将查询结果输出到文本中

sql.sql

create table SC(
				Sno int,
				Cno int,
			    Grade int);
insert into SC values(200215121,1,92);
insert into SC values(200215121,2,85);
insert into SC values(200215121,3,88);
insert into SC values(200215122,2,90);
insert into SC values(200215122,3,80);
select * from SC;


insert into student values(200215124,'张立','男',19,'IS');
SELECT * INTO OUTFILE '/tmp/result.text'FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'LINES TERMINATED BY '\n'FROM SC;

会将查询结果输出到/temp/result.text下

成功了。。。。恭喜～～啊

这样通过set设置似乎只对当前的登录有效，每次登录都得重新设置