Android 4.4 图片URI处理
本文针对Android 4.4及以上版本中图片URI的变化进行了深入探讨，并提供了兼容不同版本的图片路径获取方法。文章还介绍了如何根据不同类型的图库正确处理URI，确保应用程序在新旧版本间的稳定运行。
4.3或以下,选了图片之后,根据Uri来做处理,很多帖子都有了,我就不详细说了.主要是4.4,如果使用上面pick的原生方法来选图,返回的uri还是正常的,但如果用ACTION_GET_CONTENT的方法,返回的uri跟4.3是完全不一样的,4.3返回的是带文件路径的,而4.4返回的却是content://com.android.providers.media.documents/document/image:3951这样的,没有路径,只有图片编号的uri.这就导致接下来无法根据图片路径来裁剪的步骤了.
来自overflow大牛的方法，4.4得到的uri,需要以下方法来获取文件的路径：
/**
* <br>功能简述:4.4及以上获取图片的方法
* <br>功能详细描述:
* <br>注意:
* @param context
* @param uri
* @return
*/
@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT)
public static String getPath(final Context context, final Uri uri) {
final boolean isKitKat = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT;
// DocumentProvider
if (isKitKat && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {
// ExternalStorageProvider
if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {
final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
final String[] split = docId.split(":");
final String type = split[0];
if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];
}
}
// DownloadsProvider
else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {
final String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
final Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(
Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(id));
return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);
}
// MediaProvider
else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {
final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
final String[] split = docId.split(":");
final String type = split[0];
Uri contentUri = null;
if ("image".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
} else if ("video".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
} else if ("audio".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
}
final String selection = "_id=?";
final String[] selectionArgs = new String[] { split[1] };
return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);
}
}
// MediaStore (and general)
else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
// Return the remote address
if (isGooglePhotosUri(uri))
return uri.getLastPathSegment();
return getDataColumn(context, uri, null, null);
}
// File
else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
return uri.getPath();
}
return null;
}
public static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
Cursor cursor = null;
final String column = "_data";
final String[] projection = { column };
try {
cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs,null);
if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
final int index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);
return cursor.getString(index);
}
} finally {
if (cursor != null)
cursor.close();
}
return null;
}
/**
* @param uri The Uri to check.
* @return Whether the Uri authority is ExternalStorageProvider.
*/
public static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}
/**
* @param uri The Uri to check.
* @return Whether the Uri authority is DownloadsProvider.
*/
public static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}
/**
* @param uri The Uri to check.
* @return Whether the Uri authority is MediaProvider.
*/
public static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}
/**
* @param uri The Uri to check.
* @return Whether the Uri authority is Google Photos.
*/
public static boolean isGooglePhotosUri(Uri uri) {
return "com.google.android.apps.photos.content".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}
为什么会不一样呢？
Android 4.4（含）开始，通过方式访问图库后，返回的Uri如下（访问“最近”）：
Uri is：content://com.android.providers.media.documents/document/image%3A18838
2 Uri.getPath is ：/document/image:18838
3 对应的图片真实路径：/storage/emulated/0/Pictures/Screenshots/Screenshot_2014-09-22-21-40-53.png
Uri is：content://media/external/images/media/18822
2 Uri.getPath is ：/external/images/media/18822
3 对应的图片真实路径：/storage/emulated/0/Download/20130224235013.jpg
Uri is：content://media/external/images/media/14046
2 Uri.getPath is ：/external/images/media/14046
3 对应的图片真实路径：/storage/emulated/0/DCIM/Camera/20130224235013.jpg版本判断：
// 版本比较：是否是4.4及以上版本
final boolean mIsKitKat = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT;
/**
* <br>功能简述:4.4及以上从相册选择照片
* <br>功能详细描述:
* <br>注意:
*/
@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT)
private void SelectImageUriAfterKikat() {
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_OPEN_DOCUMENT);
intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);
intent.setType("image/*");
startActivityForResult(intent, SELECET_A_PICTURE_AFTER_KIKAT);
} /**
* <br>功能简述:4.4以下从相册选照片并剪切
* <br>功能详细描述:
* <br>注意:
*/
private void cropImageUri() {
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT, null);
intent.setType("image/*");
intent.putExtra("crop", "true");
intent.putExtra("aspectX", 1);
intent.putExtra("aspectY", 1);
intent.putExtra("outputX", 640);
intent.putExtra("outputY", 640);
intent.putExtra("scale", true);
intent.putExtra("return-data", false);
intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT,
Uri.fromFile(new File(IMGPATH, TMP_IMAGE_FILE_NAME)));
intent.putExtra("outputFormat", Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG.toString());
intent.putExtra("noFaceDetection", true); // no face detection
startActivityForResult(intent, SELECT_A_PICTURE);
}
/**
* <br>功能简述: 4.4及以上选取照片后剪切方法
* <br>功能详细描述:
* <br>注意:
* @param uri
*/
private void cropImageUriAfterKikat(Uri uri) {
Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP");
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "image/*");
intent.putExtra("crop", "true");
intent.putExtra("aspectX", 1);
intent.putExtra("aspectY", 1);
intent.putExtra("outputX", 640);
intent.putExtra("outputY", 640);
intent.putExtra("scale", true);
intent.putExtra("return-data", true); //返回数据bitmap
intent.putExtra("outputFormat", Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG.toString());
intent.putExtra("noFaceDetection", true); // no face detection
startActivityForResult(intent, SET_ALBUM_PICTURE_KITKAT);
}
/**
* <br>功能简述:对拍照的图片剪切
* <br>功能详细描述:
* <br>注意:
* @param uri
*/
private void cameraCropImageUri(Uri uri) {
Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP");
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "image/jpeg");
intent.putExtra("crop", "true");
intent.putExtra("aspectX", 1);
intent.putExtra("aspectY", 1);
intent.putExtra("outputX", 640);
intent.putExtra("outputY", 640);
intent.putExtra("scale", true);
if (mIsKitKat) {
intent.putExtra("return-data", true);
} else {
intent.putExtra("return-data", false);
intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, uri);
}
intent.putExtra("outputFormat", Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG.toString());
intent.putExtra("noFaceDetection", true);
startActivityForResult(intent, SET_PICTURE);
}
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
if (requestCode == SELECT_A_PICTURE) {
if (resultCode == RESULT_OK && null != data) {
Log.i("zou", "4.4以下的");
Bitmap bitmap = decodeUriAsBitmap(Uri.fromFile(new File(IMGPATH, TMP_IMAGE_FILE_NAME)));
mAcountHeadIcon.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
}
} else if (requestCode == SELECET_A_PICTURE_AFTER_KIKAT) {
if (resultCode == RESULT_OK && null != data) {
Log.i("zou", "4.4以上上的");
mAlbumPicturePath = getPath(MainActivity.this, data.getData());
cropImageUriAfterKikat(Uri.fromFile(new File(mAlbumPicturePath)));
}
} else if (requestCode == SET_ALBUM_PICTURE_KITKAT) {
Log.i("zou", "4.4以上上的 RESULT_OK");
Bitmap bitmap = data.getParcelableExtra("data");
mAcountHeadIcon.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
} else if (requestCode == TAKE_A_PICTURE) {
Log.i("zou", "resultCode:" + resultCode);
cameraCropImageUri(Uri.fromFile(new File(IMGPATH, IMAGE_FILE_NAME)));
} else if (requestCode == SET_PICTURE) {
Log.i("zou", "SET_PICTURE-resultCode:" + resultCode);
Bitmap bitmap = null;
if (mIsKitKat) {
if (null != data) {
bitmap = data.getParcelableExtra("data");
}
} else {
bitmap = decodeUriAsBitmap(Uri.fromFile(new File(IMGPATH, IMAGE_FILE_NAME)));
}
mAcountHeadIcon.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
}
}
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