some useful tar options

When extracting files, drop the hierarchical folder structure --strip-components.
Only extract an specific element, just show the contents with -t option and then add the component after the command.

# tar zxvf pack.tar.gz dir1/file.txt
# tar zxvf pack.tar.gz dir1/file.txt --strip-components=1
HOW TO BUILD QT5 ================ Synopsis ======== System requirements ------------------ - Perl 5.8 or later - Python 2.7 or later - C++ compiler supporting the C++11 standard For other platform specific requirements, please see section "Setting up your machine" on: http://wiki.qt.io/Get_The_Source Licensing: ---------- Opensource users: <license> = -opensource Commercial users: <license> = -commercial Linux, Mac: ----------- cd <path>/<source_package> ./configure -prefix $PWD/qtbase <license> -nomake tests make -j 4 Windows: -------- Open a command prompt. Ensure that the following tools can be found in the path: * Supported compiler (Visual Studio 2012 or later, MinGW-builds gcc 4.9 or later) * Perl version 5.12 or later [http://www.activestate.com/activeperl/] * Python version 2.7 or later [http://www.activestate.com/activepython/] * Ruby version 1.9.3 or later [http://rubyinstaller.org/] cd <path>\<source_package> configure -prefix %CD%\qtbase <license> -nomake tests nmake // jom // mingw32-make To accelerate the bootstrap of qmake with MSVC, it may be useful to pass "-make-tool jom" on the configure command line. If you do not use jom, adding "/MP" to the CL environment variable is a good idea. More details follow. Build! ====== A typical `configure; make' build process is used. Some relevant configure options (see configure -help): -release Compile and link Qt with debugging turned off. -debug Compile and link Qt with debugging turned on. -nomake tests Disable building of tests to speed up compilation -nomake examples Disable building of examples to speed up compilation -confirm-license Automatically acknowledge the LGPL 2.1 license. Example for a release build: (adjust the `-jN' parameter as appropriate for your system) ./configure -prefix $PWD/qtbase <license> make -j4 Example for a developer build: (enables more autotests, builds debug version of libraries, ...) ./configure -developer-build <license> make -j4 See output of `./configure -help' for documentation on various options to configure. The above examples will build whatever Qt5 modules have been enabled by default in the build system. It is possible to build selected modules with their dependencies by doing a `make module-<foo>'. For example, to build only qtdeclarative, and the modules it depends on: ./configure -prefix $PWD/qtbase <license> make -j4 module-qtdeclarative This can save a lot of time if you are only interested in a subset of Qt5. Hints ===== The submodule repository qtrepotools contains useful scripts for developers and release engineers. Consider adding qtrepotools/bin to your PATH environment variable to access them. The qt5_tool in qtrepotools has some more features which may be of interest. Try `qt5_tool --help'. Building Qt5 from git ===================== See http://wiki.qt.io/Building_Qt_5_from_Git and README.git for more information. See http://wiki.qt.io/Qt_5 for the reference platforms. Documentation ============= After configuring and compiling Qt, building the documentation is possible by running "make docs". After having built the documentation, you need to install it with the following command: make install_docs The documentation is installed in the path set to $QT_INSTALL_DOCS. Running "qmake -query" will list the value of QT_INSTALL_DOCS. Information about Qt 5's documentation is located in qtbase/doc/README or in the following page: http://wiki.qt.io/Qt5DocumentationProject Note: Building the documentation is only tested on desktop platforms. 上面qt-everywhere-src-5.15.2中README文件请解释一下是什么意思
最新发布
12-23
`qt-everywhere-src-5.15.2` 中的 README 文件通常会包含以下几类重要内容及其含义: #### 1. 概述部分 这部分会对 Qt 5.15.2 版本进行简要介绍,说明它是一个跨平台的应用程序和 UI 框架,具有丰富的功能和广泛的应用场景,可用于开发桌面应用、移动应用、嵌入式系统等。 #### 2. 系统要求 会详细列出编译和运行 Qt 5.15.2 所需的操作系统、编译器、第三方库等软件和硬件环境。例如,对于 Windows 系统可能要求特定版本的 Visual Studio 编译器,像这里使用的 VS2015;对于 Linux 系统可能需要特定版本的 GCC 编译器等。同时,还会提到对内存、磁盘空间等硬件资源的基本要求。 #### 3. 下载与解压 告知用户如何从官方渠道下载 `qt-everywhere-src-5.15.2` 压缩包,以及如何将其解压到指定目录。一般会提供不同操作系统下的解压命令示例,如在 Linux 系统下使用 `tar -xzf qt-everywhere-src-5.15.2.tar.gz` 进行解压。 #### 4. 配置与编译 这是核心部分,会介绍如何使用 `configure` 脚本来配置编译选项。例如,使用如下命令进行配置: ```bash ./configure -prefix /usr/local/Qt-5.15.2 -release -opensource -nomake examples -nomake tests -platform linux-clang -recheck-all [^3] ``` - `-prefix`:指定 Qt 的安装路径。 - `-release`:表示编译发布版本。 - `-opensource`:使用开源许可证进行编译。 - `-nomake examples`:不编译示例项目,可加快编译速度。 - `-nomake tests`:不编译测试项目。 - `-platform`:指定编译平台,这里是 `linux-clang` 表示使用 Linux 系统下的 Clang 编译器。 - `-recheck-all`:重新检查所有配置选项。 配置完成后,README 文件会指导用户使用相应的编译工具(如在 Windows 下使用 NMake,在 Linux 下使用 Make)进行编译。 #### 5. 安装 介绍如何将编译好的 Qt 库安装到指定的目录,一般会使用与编译工具对应的安装命令,如在 Linux 下使用 `make install` 命令将编译好的文件安装到之前 `-prefix` 指定的目录中。 #### 6. 运行与测试 提供一些简单的测试示例,帮助用户验证编译和安装是否成功。例如,创建一个简单的 Qt 应用程序并编译运行,如果能正常显示界面,则说明 Qt 安装成功。 #### 7. 文档与支持 告知用户如何获取 Qt 5.15.2 的官方文档,包括在线文档和离线文档的获取方式。同时,还会提供一些官方支持渠道,如论坛、邮件列表等,方便用户在遇到问题时寻求帮助。 #### 8. 许可证信息 说明 Qt 5.15.2 的许可证类型,如开源许可证(如 GPL、LGPL)的具体条款和使用限制,提醒用户遵守相关的许可证规定。
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