Cache不命中的分类 Categories of Cache misses

本文探讨了计算机系统中缓存管理的基本概念,包括强制性缺失(首次访问必须将块加载到缓存)、容量缺失(当缓存无法容纳所有所需块时会丢弃部分缓存项)及冲突缺失(间接映射或组相联缓存中多个块映射到同一位置导致的问题)。这些概念对于理解缓存的工作原理及其对程序执行效率的影响至关重要。

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  1. compulsory: the first time to access one block, the block must be brought into the cache
  2. capacity: blocks are discarded from cache, because cache can't contain all the blocks needed by one program execution
  3. conflict: In direct-mapped or set-associative cache, when blocks are mapped into the same set or block fram.
For Instructors: Courses Based on the Book Instructors can use the CS:APP book to teach a number of different types of systems courses. Five categories of these courses are illustrated in Figure 2. The particular course depends on curriculum requirements, personal taste, and the backgrounds and abilities of the students. From left to right in the figure, the courses are characterized by an increasing emphasis on the programmer’s perspective of a system. Here is a brief description. ORG. A computer organization course with traditional topics covered in an untraditional style. Traditional topics such as logic design, processor architecture, assembly language, and memory systems are covered. However, there is more emphasis on the impact for the programmer. For example, data representations are related back to the data types and operations of C programs, and the presentation on assembly code is based on machine code generated by a C compiler rather than handwritten assembly code. ORG+. The ORG course with additional emphasis on the impact of hardware on the performance of application programs. Compared to ORG, students learn more about code optimization and about improving the memory performance of their C programs. ICS. The baseline ICS course, designed to produce enlightened programmers who understand the impact of the hardware, operating system, and compilation system on the performance and correctness of their application programs. A significant difference from ORG+ is that low-level processor architecture is not covered. Instead, programmers work with a higher-level model of a modern out-of-order processor. The ICS course fits nicely into a 10-week quarter, and can also be stretched to a 15-week semester if covered at a more leisurely pace. ICS+. The baseline ICS course with additional coverage of systems programming topics such as system-level I/O, network programming, and concurrent programming. This is the semester-long Carnegie Mellon course, which covers every chapter in CS:APP except low-level processor architecture.翻译以上英文为中文
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08-05
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