本文介绍了PostgreSQL中的SQL命令及其语法，涵盖了从基本的SELECT语句到复杂的事务管理、类型定义等内容。通过本文，读者可以了解如何使用psql工具进行命令查询，并掌握多种SQL命令的应用场景。
本章提供了PostgreSQL的SQL命令，这些命令的准确语法规则。这组命令是从psql的命令行工具。上一节我们已经安装Postgres，直接打开psql：
Program Files > PostgreSQL 9.2 > SQL Shell(psql).
使用psql的时候，可以生成完整的命令列表使用的\ help命令。对于一个特定的命令的语法使用下面的命令：
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> postgres</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">-#</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> \help </span><span class="str" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><command_name></span>
SQL语句
一个SQL语句，包括令牌，每个令牌可以代表一个关键字，标识符，带引号的标识符，常量，或特殊的字符符号。以下表格使用简单的SELECT语句来说明一个基本的，完整的SQL语句及其组件。
| SELECT | id, name | FROM | states | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Token Type | Keyword | Identifiers | Keyword | Identifier |
| Description | Command | Id and name columns | Clause | Table name |
PostgreSQL的SQL命令
ABORT
中止当前事务。
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">ABORT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WORK </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TRANSACTION </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
ALTER AGGREGATE
更改聚合函数的定义。
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">ALTER AGGREGATE name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> type </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RENAME TO new_name ALTER AGGREGATE name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> type </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> OWNER TO new_owner</span>
ALTER CONVERSION
更改一个转换的定义。
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">ALTER CONVERSION name RENAME TO new_name ALTER CONVERSION name OWNER TO new_owner</span>
ALTER DATABASE
更改数据库的具体参数。
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">ALTER DATABASE name SET parameter </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TO </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> value </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DEFAULT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
ALTER DATABASE name RESET parameter
ALTER DATABASE name RENAME TO new_name
ALTER DATABASE name OWNER TO new_owner</span>
ALTER DOMAIN
变更的定义域的具体参数。
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">ALTER DOMAIN name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SET DEFAULT expression </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DROP DEFAULT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
ALTER DOMAIN name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SET </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DROP </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> NOT NULL
ALTER DOMAIN name ADD domain_constraint
ALTER DOMAIN name DROP CONSTRAINT constraint_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RESTRICT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CASCADE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
ALTER DOMAIN name OWNER TO new_owner</span>
ALTER FUNCTION
改变它的定义了一个函数。
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">ALTER FUNCTION name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> type </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RENAME TO new_name ALTER FUNCTION name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> type </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> OWNER TO new_owner</span>
ALTER GROUP
更改用户组
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">ALTER GROUP groupname ADD USER username </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ALTER GROUP groupname DROP USER username </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ALTER GROUP groupname RENAME TO new_name</span>
ALTER INDEX
更改索引的定义
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">ALTER INDEX name OWNER TO new_owner ALTER INDEX name SET TABLESPACE indexspace_name ALTER INDEX name RENAME TO new_name</span>
ALTER LANGUAGE
更改程序语言的定义.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">ALTER LANGUAGE name RENAME TO new_name</span>
ALTER OPERATOR
更改操作员的定义.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">ALTER OPERATOR name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> lefttype </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> NONE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> righttype </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> NONE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
OWNER TO new_owner</span>
ALTER OPERATOR CLASS
改变一个操作符的定义.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">ALTER OPERATOR CLASS name USING index_method RENAME TO new_name ALTER OPERATOR CLASS name USING index_method OWNER TO new_owner</span>
ALTER SCHEMA
更改一个模式的定义.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">ALTER SCHEMA name RENAME TO new_name ALTER SCHEMA name OWNER TO new_owner</span>
ALTER SEQUENCE
更改序列发生器的定义.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">ALTER SEQUENCE name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> INCREMENT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> BY </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> increment </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> MINVALUE minvalue </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> NO MINVALUE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> MAXVALUE maxvalue </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> NO MAXVALUE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RESTART </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WITH </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> start </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CACHE cache </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> NO </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CYCLE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
ALTER TABLE
更改的表的定义.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">ALTER TABLE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ONLY </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">*</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> action </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ALTER TABLE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ONLY </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">*</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RENAME </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> COLUMN </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> column TO new_column ALTER TABLE name RENAME TO new_name</span>
动作是以下行之一:
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">ADD </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> COLUMN </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> column_type </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> column_constraint </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
DROP </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> COLUMN </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> column </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RESTRICT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CASCADE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
ALTER </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> COLUMN </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> column TYPE type </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> USING expression </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
ALTER </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> COLUMN </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> column SET DEFAULT expression
ALTER </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> COLUMN </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> column DROP DEFAULT
ALTER </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> COLUMN </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> column </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SET </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DROP </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> NOT NULL
ALTER </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> COLUMN </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> column SET STATISTICS integer
ALTER </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> COLUMN </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> column SET STORAGE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PLAIN </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> EXTERNAL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> EXTENDED </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> MAIN </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
ADD table_constraint
DROP CONSTRAINT constraint_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RESTRICT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CASCADE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
CLUSTER ON index_name
SET WITHOUT CLUSTER
SET WITHOUT OIDS
OWNER TO new_owner
SET TABLESPACE tablespace_name</span>
ALTER TABLESPACE
更改一个表空间的定义.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">ALTER TABLESPACE name RENAME TO new_name ALTER TABLESPACE name OWNER TO new_owner</span>
ALTER TRIGGER
改变一个触发器的定义.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">ALTER TRIGGER name ON table RENAME TO new_name</span>
ALTER TYPE
Change the definition of a type.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">ALTER TYPE name OWNER TO new_owner</span>
ALTER USER
更改数据库用户帐户
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">ALTER USER name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WITH </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> option </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
ALTER USER name RENAME TO new_name
ALTER USER name SET parameter </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TO </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> value </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DEFAULT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
ALTER USER name RESET parameter</span>
选项可以是:
<span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ENCRYPTED </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> UNENCRYPTED </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PASSWORD </span><span class="str" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">'password'</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CREATEDB </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> NOCREATEDB </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CREATEUSER </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> NOCREATEUSER </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> VALID UNTIL </span><span class="str" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">'abstime'</span>
ANALYZE
收集数据库的统计信息.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">ANALYZE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> VERBOSE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> table </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">column </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
BEGIN
Start a transaction block.
<span class="kwd" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">BEGIN</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WORK </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TRANSACTION </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> transaction_mode </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
transaction_mode是其中一个:
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">ISOLATION LEVEL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SERIALIZABLE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> REPEATABLE READ </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> READ COMMITTED
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> READ UNCOMMITTED </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
READ WRITE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> READ ONLY</span>
CHECKPOINT
强制事务处理日志检查点.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">CHECKPOINT</span>
CLOSE
关闭游标.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">CLOSE name</span>
CLUSTER
根据索引集群表.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">CLUSTER index_name ON table_name CLUSTER table_name CLUSTER</span>
COMMENT
定义或改变一个对象的注释.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">COMMENT ON
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
TABLE object_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
COLUMN table_name</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">.</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">column_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
AGGREGATE agg_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">agg_type</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
CAST </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">source_type AS target_type</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
CONSTRAINT constraint_name ON table_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
CONVERSION object_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
DATABASE object_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
DOMAIN object_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
FUNCTION func_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">arg1_type</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> arg2_type</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
INDEX object_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
LARGE OBJECT large_object_oid </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
OPERATOR op </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">left_operand_type</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> right_operand_type</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
OPERATOR CLASS object_name USING index_method </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PROCEDURAL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> LANGUAGE object_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
RULE rule_name ON table_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
SCHEMA object_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
SEQUENCE object_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
TRIGGER trigger_name ON table_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
TYPE object_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
VIEW object_name
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> IS </span><span class="str" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">'text'</span>
COMMIT
提交当前事务.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">COMMIT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WORK </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TRANSACTION </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
COPY
Copy data between a file and a table.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">COPY table_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> column </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
FROM </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">'filename'</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> STDIN </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WITH </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> BINARY </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> OIDS </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DELIMITER </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> AS </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">'delimiter'</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> NULL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> AS </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">'null string'</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CSV </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> QUOTE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> AS </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">'quote'</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ESCAPE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> AS </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">'escape'</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> FORCE NOT NULL column </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
COPY table_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> column </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
TO </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">'filename'</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> STDOUT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WITH </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> BINARY </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> OIDS </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DELIMITER </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> AS </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">'delimiter'</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> NULL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> AS </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">'null string'</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CSV </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> QUOTE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> AS </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">'quote'</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ESCAPE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> AS </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">'escape'</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> FORCE QUOTE column </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
CREATE AGGREGATE
Define a new aggregate function.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">CREATE AGGREGATE name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> BASETYPE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> input_data_type</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SFUNC </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> sfunc</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> STYPE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> state_data_type </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> FINALFUNC </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ffunc </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> INITCOND </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> initial_condition </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span>
CREATE CAST
Define a new cast.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">CREATE CAST </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">source_type AS target_type</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WITH FUNCTION func_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">arg_types</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> AS ASSIGNMENT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> AS IMPLICIT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CREATE CAST </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">source_type AS target_type</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WITHOUT FUNCTION </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> AS ASSIGNMENT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> AS IMPLICIT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
CREATE CONSTRAINT TRIGGER
定义一个新的约束触发器
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">CREATE CONSTRAINT TRIGGER name AFTER events ON table_name constraint attributes FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE func_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> args </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span>
CREATE CONVERSION
定义一个新的转换
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">CREATE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">DEFAULT</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CONVERSION name FOR source_encoding TO dest_encoding FROM func_name</span>
CREATE DATABASE
创建一个新的数据库.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">CREATE DATABASE name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WITH </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> OWNER </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[=]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> db_owner </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TEMPLATE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[=]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="kwd" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">template</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ENCODING </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[=]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> encoding </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TABLESPACE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[=]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> tablespace </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
CREATE DOMAIN
定义一个新的域.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">CREATE DOMAIN name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">AS</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> data_type </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DEFAULT expression </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> constraint </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
Where constraint is:
<span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CONSTRAINT constraint_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> NOT NULL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> NULL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CHECK </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">expression</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span>
CREATE FUNCTION
定义一个新的函数.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">CREATE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> OR REPLACE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> FUNCTION name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> arg_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> arg_type </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
RETURNS ret_type
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> LANGUAGE lang_name
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> IMMUTABLE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> STABLE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> VOLATILE
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CALLED ON NULL INPUT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> STRICT
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> EXTERNAL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SECURITY INVOKER </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> EXTERNAL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SECURITY DEFINER
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> AS </span><span class="str" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">'definition'</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> AS </span><span class="str" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">'obj_file'</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">'link_symbol'</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WITH </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> attribute </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
CREATE GROUP
定义一个新的用户组.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">CREATE GROUP name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WITH </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> option </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="typ" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">Where</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> option can be</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">:</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SYSID gid </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> USER username </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span>
CREATE INDEX
定义一个新的索引.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">CREATE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> UNIQUE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> INDEX name ON table </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> USING method </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> column </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> expression </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> opclass </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TABLESPACE tablespace </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WHERE predicate </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
CREATE LANGUAGE
定义一个新的程序语言.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">CREATE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TRUSTED </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PROCEDURAL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> LANGUAGE name HANDLER call_handler </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> VALIDATOR val_function </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
CREATE OPERATOR
定义一个新的操作.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">CREATE OPERATOR name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PROCEDURE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> func_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> LEFTARG </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> left_type </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RIGHTARG </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> right_type </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> COMMUTATOR </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> com_op </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> NEGATOR </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> neg_op </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RESTRICT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> res_proc </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> JOIN </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> join_proc </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> HASHES </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> MERGES </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SORT1 </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> left_sort_op </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SORT2 </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> right_sort_op </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> LTCMP </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> less_than_op </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> GTCMP </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> greater_than_op </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span>
CREATE OPERATOR CLASS
定义一个新的操作符类.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">CREATE OPERATOR CLASS name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DEFAULT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> FOR TYPE data_type
USING index_method AS
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> OPERATOR strategy_number operator_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> op_type</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> op_type </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RECHECK </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> FUNCTION support_number func_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> argument_type </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> STORAGE storage_type
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
CREATE RULE
定义一个新的重写规则.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">CREATE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> OR REPLACE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RULE name AS ON </span><span class="kwd" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">event</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
TO table </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WHERE condition </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
DO </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ALSO </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> INSTEAD </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> NOTHING </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> command </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> command </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">;</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> command </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span>
CREATE SCHEMA
定义一个新的模式.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">CREATE SCHEMA schema_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> AUTHORIZATION username </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> schema_element </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CREATE SCHEMA AUTHORIZATION username </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> schema_element </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
CREATE SEQUENCE
定义一个新的序列发生器.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">CREATE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TEMPORARY </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TEMP </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SEQUENCE name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> INCREMENT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> BY </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> increment </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> MINVALUE minvalue </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> NO MINVALUE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> MAXVALUE maxvalue </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> NO MAXVALUE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> START </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WITH </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> start </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CACHE cache </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> NO </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CYCLE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
CREATE TABLE
定义一个新表.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">CREATE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> GLOBAL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> LOCAL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TEMPORARY </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TEMP </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TABLE table_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> column_name data_type </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DEFAULT default_expr </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> column_constraint </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> table_constraint
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> LIKE parent_table </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> INCLUDING </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> EXCLUDING </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DEFAULTS </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> INHERITS </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> parent_table </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WITH OIDS </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WITHOUT OIDS </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ON COMMIT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PRESERVE ROWS </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DELETE ROWS </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DROP </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TABLESPACE tablespace </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
Where column_constraint is:
<span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CONSTRAINT constraint_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> NOT NULL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
NULL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
UNIQUE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> USING INDEX TABLESPACE tablespace </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
PRIMARY KEY </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> USING INDEX TABLESPACE tablespace </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
CHECK </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">expression</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
REFERENCES ref_table </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ref_column </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> MATCH FULL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> MATCH PARTIAL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> MATCH SIMPLE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ON DELETE action </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ON UPDATE action </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DEFERRABLE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> NOT DEFERRABLE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> INITIALLY DEFERRED </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> INITIALLY IMMEDIATE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
And table_constraint is:
<span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CONSTRAINT constraint_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> UNIQUE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> column_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> USING INDEX TABLESPACE tablespace </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
PRIMARY KEY </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> column_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> USING INDEX TABLESPACE tablespace </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
CHECK </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> expression </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
FOREIGN KEY </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> column_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
REFERENCES ref_table </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ref_column </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> MATCH FULL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> MATCH PARTIAL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> MATCH SIMPLE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ON DELETE action </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ON UPDATE action </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DEFERRABLE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> NOT DEFERRABLE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> INITIALLY DEFERRED </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> INITIALLY IMMEDIATE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
CREATE TABLE AS
定义一个新表的查询结果。
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">CREATE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> GLOBAL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> LOCAL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TEMPORARY </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TEMP </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TABLE table_name
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">column_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WITH </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WITHOUT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> OIDS </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
AS query</span>
CREATE TABLESPACE
定义一个新的表空间。
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">CREATE TABLESPACE tablespace_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> OWNER username </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> LOCATION </span><span class="str" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">'directory'</span>
CREATE TRIGGER
定义一个新的触发器。
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">CREATE TRIGGER name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> BEFORE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> AFTER </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="kwd" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">event</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> OR </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
ON table </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> FOR </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> EACH </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ROW </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> STATEMENT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
EXECUTE PROCEDURE func_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> arguments </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span>
CREATE TYPE
定义一个新的数据类型。
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">CREATE TYPE name AS
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> attribute_name data_type </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
CREATE TYPE name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
INPUT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> input_function</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
OUTPUT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> output_function
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RECEIVE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> receive_function </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SEND </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> send_function </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ANALYZE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> analyze_function </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> INTERNALLENGTH </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> internal_length </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> VARIABLE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PASSEDBYVALUE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ALIGNMENT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> alignment </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> STORAGE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> storage </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DEFAULT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="kwd" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">default</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ELEMENT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> element </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DELIMITER </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> delimiter </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span>
CREATE USER
定义一个新的数据库用户帐户。
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">CREATE USER name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WITH </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> option </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
选项可以是：
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">SYSID uid </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ENCRYPTED </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> UNENCRYPTED </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PASSWORD </span><span class="str" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">'password'</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CREATEDB </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> NOCREATEDB </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CREATEUSER </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> NOCREATEUSER </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> IN GROUP group_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> VALID UNTIL </span><span class="str" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">'abs_time'</span>
CREATE VIEW
定义一个新的视图。
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">CREATE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> OR REPLACE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> VIEW name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> column_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> AS query</span>
DEALLOCATE
释放一份事先准备好的声明。
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">DEALLOCATE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PREPARE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> plan_name</span>
DECLARE
定义一个游标。
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">DECLARE name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> BINARY </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> INSENSITIVE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> NO </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SCROLL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
CURSOR </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WITH </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WITHOUT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> HOLD </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> FOR query
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> FOR </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> READ ONLY </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> UPDATE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> OF column </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
DELETE
删除一个表中的行。
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">DELETE FROM </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ONLY </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> table </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WHERE condition </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
DROP AGGREGATE
Remove an aggregate function.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">DROP AGGREGATE name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> type </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CASCADE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RESTRICT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
DROP CAST
移除一个转换。
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">DROP CAST </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">source_type AS target_type</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CASCADE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RESTRICT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
DROP CONVERSION
取下转换。
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">DROP CONVERSION name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CASCADE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RESTRICT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
DROP DATABASE
删除一个数据库。
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">DROP DATABASE name</span>
DROP DOMAIN
删除域。
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">DROP DOMAIN name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CASCADE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RESTRICT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
DROP FUNCTION
删除功能(函数)。
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">DROP FUNCTION name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> type </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CASCADE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RESTRICT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
DROP GROUP
删除用户组。
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">DROP GROUP name</span>
DROP INDEX
Remove an index.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">DROP INDEX name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CASCADE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RESTRICT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
DROP LANGUAGE
Remove a procedural language.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">DROP </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PROCEDURAL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> LANGUAGE name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CASCADE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RESTRICT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
DROP OPERATOR
Remove an operator.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">DROP OPERATOR name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> left_type </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> NONE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> right_type </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> NONE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CASCADE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RESTRICT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
DROP OPERATOR CLASS
Remove an operator class.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">DROP OPERATOR CLASS name USING index_method </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CASCADE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RESTRICT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
DROP RULE
Remove a rewrite rule.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">DROP RULE name ON relation </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CASCADE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RESTRICT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
DROP SCHEMA
Remove a schema.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">DROP SCHEMA name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CASCADE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RESTRICT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
DROP SEQUENCE
Remove a sequence.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">DROP SEQUENCE name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CASCADE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RESTRICT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
DROP TABLE
Remove a table.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">DROP TABLE name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CASCADE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RESTRICT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
DROP TABLESPACE
Remove a tablespace.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">DROP TABLESPACE tablespace_name</span>
DROP TRIGGER
Remove a trigger.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">DROP TRIGGER name ON table </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CASCADE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RESTRICT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
DROP TYPE
Remove a data type.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">DROP TYPE name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CASCADE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RESTRICT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
DROP USER
Remove a database user account.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">DROP USER name</span>
DROP VIEW
Remove a view.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">DROP VIEW name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CASCADE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RESTRICT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
END
Commit the current transaction.
<span class="kwd" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">END</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WORK </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TRANSACTION </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
EXECUTE
Execute a prepared statement.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">EXECUTE plan_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">parameter </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
EXPLAIN
Show the execution plan of a statement.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">EXPLAIN </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ANALYZE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> VERBOSE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> statement</span>
FETCH
Retrieve rows from a query using a cursor.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">FETCH </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> direction </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> FROM </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> IN </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> cursor_name</span>
Where direction can be empty or one of:
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">NEXT PRIOR FIRST LAST ABSOLUTE count RELATIVE count count ALL FORWARD FORWARD count FORWARD ALL BACKWARD BACKWARD count BACKWARD ALL</span>
GRANT
Define access privileges.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">GRANT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SELECT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> INSERT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> UPDATE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DELETE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RULE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> REFERENCES </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TRIGGER </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ALL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PRIVILEGES </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
ON </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TABLE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> table_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
TO </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> username </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> GROUP group_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PUBLIC </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WITH GRANT OPTION </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
GRANT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CREATE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TEMPORARY </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TEMP </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ALL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PRIVILEGES </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
ON DATABASE db_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
TO </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> username </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> GROUP group_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PUBLIC </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WITH GRANT OPTION </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
GRANT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CREATE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ALL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PRIVILEGES </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
ON TABLESPACE tablespace_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
TO </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> username </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> GROUP group_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PUBLIC </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WITH GRANT OPTION </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
GRANT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> EXECUTE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ALL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PRIVILEGES </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
ON FUNCTION func_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">([</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">type</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...])</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
TO </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> username </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> GROUP group_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PUBLIC </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WITH GRANT OPTION </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
GRANT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> USAGE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ALL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PRIVILEGES </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
ON LANGUAGE lang_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
TO </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> username </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> GROUP group_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PUBLIC </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WITH GRANT OPTION </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
GRANT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CREATE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> USAGE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ALL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PRIVILEGES </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
ON SCHEMA schema_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
TO </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> username </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> GROUP group_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PUBLIC </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WITH GRANT OPTION </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
INSERT
Create new rows in a table.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">INSERT INTO table </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> column </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DEFAULT VALUES </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> VALUES </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> expression </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DEFAULT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> query </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span>
LISTEN
Listen for a notification.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">LISTEN name</span>
LOAD
Load or reload a shared library file.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">LOAD </span><span class="str" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">'filename'</span>
LOCK
Lock a table.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">LOCK </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TABLE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> IN lock_mode MODE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> NOWAIT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
Where lock_mode is one of:
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">ACCESS SHARE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ROW SHARE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ROW EXCLUSIVE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SHARE UPDATE EXCLUSIVE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SHARE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SHARE ROW EXCLUSIVE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> EXCLUSIVE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ACCESS EXCLUSIVE</span>
MOVE
Position a cursor.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">MOVE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> direction </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> FROM </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> IN </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> cursor_name</span>
NOTIFY
Generate a notification.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">NOTIFY name</span>
PREPARE
Prepare a statement for execution.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">PREPARE plan_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">data_type </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> AS statement</span>
REINDEX
Rebuild indexes.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">REINDEX </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DATABASE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TABLE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> INDEX </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> FORCE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
RELEASE SAVEPOINT
Destroy a previously defined savepoint.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">RELEASE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SAVEPOINT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> savepoint_name</span>
RESET
Restore the value of a runtime parameter to the default value.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">RESET name RESET ALL</span>
REVOKE
Remove access privileges.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">REVOKE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> GRANT OPTION FOR </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SELECT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> INSERT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> UPDATE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DELETE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RULE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> REFERENCES </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TRIGGER </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ALL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PRIVILEGES </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
ON </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TABLE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> table_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
FROM </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> username </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> GROUP group_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PUBLIC </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CASCADE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RESTRICT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
REVOKE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> GRANT OPTION FOR </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CREATE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TEMPORARY </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TEMP </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ALL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PRIVILEGES </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
ON DATABASE db_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
FROM </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> username </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> GROUP group_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PUBLIC </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CASCADE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RESTRICT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
REVOKE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> GRANT OPTION FOR </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CREATE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ALL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PRIVILEGES </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
ON TABLESPACE tablespace_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
FROM </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> username </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> GROUP group_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PUBLIC </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CASCADE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RESTRICT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
REVOKE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> GRANT OPTION FOR </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> EXECUTE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ALL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PRIVILEGES </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
ON FUNCTION func_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">([</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">type</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...])</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
FROM </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> username </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> GROUP group_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PUBLIC </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CASCADE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RESTRICT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
REVOKE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> GRANT OPTION FOR </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> USAGE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ALL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PRIVILEGES </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
ON LANGUAGE lang_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
FROM </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> username </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> GROUP group_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PUBLIC </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CASCADE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RESTRICT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
REVOKE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> GRANT OPTION FOR </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CREATE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> USAGE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ALL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PRIVILEGES </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
ON SCHEMA schema_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
FROM </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> username </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> GROUP group_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> PUBLIC </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> CASCADE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> RESTRICT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
ROLLBACK
Abort the current transaction.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">ROLLBACK </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WORK </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TRANSACTION </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT
Roll back to a savepoint.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">ROLLBACK </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WORK </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TRANSACTION </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TO </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SAVEPOINT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> savepoint_name</span>
SAVEPOINT
Define a new savepoint within the current transaction.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">SAVEPOINT savepoint_name</span>
SELECT
Retrieve rows from a table or view.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">SELECT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ALL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DISTINCT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ON </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> expression </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">*</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> expression </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> AS output_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> FROM from_item </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WHERE condition </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> GROUP BY expression </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> HAVING condition </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> UNION </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> INTERSECT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> EXCEPT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ALL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="kwd" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">select</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ORDER BY expression </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ASC </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DESC </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> USING </span><span class="kwd" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">operator</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> LIMIT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> count </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ALL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> OFFSET start </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> FOR UPDATE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> OF table_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
Where from_item can be one of:
<span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ONLY </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> table_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">*</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> AS </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="kwd" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">alias</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> column_alias </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="kwd" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">select</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> AS </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="kwd" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">alias</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> column_alias </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> function_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> argument </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> AS </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="kwd" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">alias</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> column_alias </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> column_definition </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> function_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> argument </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> AS </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> column_definition </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> from_item </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> NATURAL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> join_type from_item </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ON join_condition </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> USING </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> join_column </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
SELECT INTO
Define a new table from the results of a query.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">SELECT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ALL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DISTINCT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ON </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> expression </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">*</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> expression </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> AS output_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
INTO </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TEMPORARY </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TEMP </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TABLE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> new_table
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> FROM from_item </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WHERE condition </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> GROUP BY expression </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> HAVING condition </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> UNION </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> INTERSECT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> EXCEPT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ALL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="kwd" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">select</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ORDER BY expression </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ASC </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DESC </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> USING </span><span class="kwd" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">operator</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> LIMIT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> count </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ALL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> OFFSET start </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> FOR UPDATE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> OF table_name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
SET
Change a runtime parameter.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">SET </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SESSION </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> LOCAL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TO </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> value </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="str" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">'value'</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DEFAULT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
SET </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SESSION </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> LOCAL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TIME ZONE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> time_zone </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> LOCAL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DEFAULT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span>
SET CONSTRAINTS
Set constraint checking modes for the current transaction.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">SET CONSTRAINTS </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ALL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DEFERRED </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> IMMEDIATE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span>
SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION
Set the session user identifier and the current user identifier of the current session.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">SET </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SESSION </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> LOCAL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SESSION AUTHORIZATION username SET </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SESSION </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> LOCAL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SESSION AUTHORIZATION DEFAULT RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION</span>
SET TRANSACTION
Set the characteristics of the current transaction.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">SET TRANSACTION transaction_mode </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SET SESSION CHARACTERISTICS AS TRANSACTION transaction_mode </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span>
Where transaction_mode is one of:
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">ISOLATION LEVEL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SERIALIZABLE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> REPEATABLE READ </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> READ COMMITTED
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> READ UNCOMMITTED </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
READ WRITE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> READ ONLY</span>
SHOW
显示运行参数的值.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">SHOW name SHOW ALL</span>
START TRANSACTION
开始一个事务块.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">START TRANSACTION </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> transaction_mode </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
transaction_mode是其中一个:
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">ISOLATION LEVEL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> SERIALIZABLE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> REPEATABLE READ </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> READ COMMITTED
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> READ UNCOMMITTED </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
READ WRITE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> READ ONLY</span>
TRUNCATE
清空一个表.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">TRUNCATE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> TABLE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> name</span>
UNLISTEN
停止监听通知.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">UNLISTEN </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> name </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">*</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span>
UPDATE
更新表行.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">UPDATE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ONLY </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> table SET column </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">=</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">{</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> expression </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">|</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> DEFAULT </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">}</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> FROM from_list </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
</span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> WHERE condition </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
VACUUM
垃圾收集和分析数据库（可选）.
<span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">VACUUM </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> FULL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> FREEZE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> VERBOSE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> table </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> VACUUM </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> FULL </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> FREEZE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> VERBOSE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> ANALYZE </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> table </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">(</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">column </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">[,</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">...]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">)</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span><span class="pln" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"> </span><span class="pun" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">]</span>
扫一扫
2006
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
