Python 简单模拟披萨生产流程

我们将模拟一条有 3个固定工位 的披萨生产线

工位	职责
Station 1	铺面团（Dough）
Station 2	涂酱料（Sauce）
Station 3	加配料（Topping）

披萨从 Station 1 → 2 → 3 流动，每个工位独立工作。

我们来模拟一次性提交 5 个披萨订单，使用带输入队列的三工位流水线模型。

这样可以清晰看到：

• 前 3 个订单迅速填满三个工位，
• 第 4、5 个订单在输入队列中等待，
• 随着流水线推进，新订单逐步进入工位1，
• 始终保证每个工位同时处理不同披萨。

from collections import deque

class Pizza:
    def __init__(self, order_id, dough=None, sauce=None, topping=None):
        self.order_id = order_id
        self.dough = dough
        self.sauce = sauce
        self.topping = topping

    def __str__(self):
        return f"Pizza#{self.order_id}(dough={self.dough}, sauce={self.sauce}, topping={self.topping})"


class PizzaAssemblyLine:
    def __init__(self):
        self.input_queue = deque()      # 输入缓冲区（排队区）
        self.station1_pizza = None      # 工位1：铺面团
        self.station2_pizza = None      # 工位2：涂酱料
        self.station3_pizza = None      # 工位3：加配料
        self.completed = []
        self.next_order_id = 1

    def receive_order(self, dough, sauce, topping):
        """接收订单：加入输入队列"""
        order_id = self.next_order_id
        self.input_queue.append((order_id, dough, sauce, topping))
        print(f"📥 订单 #{order_id} 已提交: 面团={dough}, 酱={sauce}, 配料={topping}")
        self.next_order_id += 1

    def _load_station1(self):
        """若工位1空闲且队列非空，则加载新订单"""
        if self.station1_pizza is None and self.input_queue:
            order_id, dough, sauce, topping = self.input_queue.popleft()
            pizza = Pizza(order_id, dough=dough, sauce=sauce, topping=topping)
            self.station1_pizza = pizza
            print(f"  ➡️ 订单 #{order_id} 进入工位1（铺面团）")

    def step(self):
        """推进一个生产周期：所有工位同步工作"""
        print("\n🔄 流水线推进一个周期...")

        # 工位3 → 完成
        if self.station3_pizza is not None:
            p = self.station3_pizza
            print(f"  🍄 工位3: Pizza#{p.order_id} 加配料 '{p.topping}' → 完成！")
            self.completed.append(p)
            self.station3_pizza = None

        # 工位2 → 工位3
        if self.station2_pizza is not None:
            p = self.station2_pizza
            print(f"  🍅 工位2: Pizza#{p.order_id} 涂酱 '{p.sauce}' → 移交工位3")
            self.station3_pizza = p
            self.station2_pizza = None

        # 工位1 → 工位2
        if self.station1_pizza is not None:
            p = self.station1_pizza
            print(f"  🥖 工位1: Pizza#{p.order_id} 铺面团 '{p.dough}' → 移交工位2")
            self.station2_pizza = p
            self.station1_pizza = None

        # 尝试加载新订单到工位1
        self._load_station1()

        # 显示当前队列状态（可选）
        if self.input_queue:
            waiting = [f"#{oid}" for oid, _, _, _ in self.input_queue]
            print(f"  ⏳ 等待队列: {', '.join(waiting)}")

    def has_work(self):
        return (len(self.input_queue) > 0 or
                self.station1_pizza is not None or
                self.station2_pizza is not None or
                self.station3_pizza is not None)

    def deliver_completed(self):
        delivered = self.completed[:]
        self.completed.clear()
        return delivered


# ========================
# 🏭 一次性提交 5 个订单
# ========================
if __name__ == "__main__":
    line = PizzaAssemblyLine()
    print("🏭 启动三工位披萨流水线（带输入缓冲区）\n")

    # 一次性提交 5 个不同订单
    orders = [
        ("thin", "tomato", "mushrooms"),
        ("thick", "bbq", "chicken"),
        ("thin", "pesto", "olives"),
        ("stuffed", "tomato", "pepperoni"),
        ("gluten-free", "white", "spinach, ricotta")
    ]

    for dough, sauce, topping in orders:
        line.receive_order(dough, sauce, topping)

    print(f"\n🚀 开始生产！共 {len(orders)} 个订单，队列已满...\n")

    # 持续运行直到所有订单完成
    cycle = 0
    while line.has_work():
        cycle += 1
        print(f"--- 第 {cycle} 个生产周期 ---")
        line.step()

    # 交付所有完成品
    print("\n📦 所有披萨已完成，正在交付...")
    for pizza in line.deliver_completed():
        print(f"✅ {pizza}")

    print("\n🔚 生产结束。流水线空闲。")