本文详细介绍了如何配置tsconfig.json以优化TypeScript编译，并结合Babel处理兼容性问题，确保代码能在不同浏览器环境中运行。通过设置编译选项如`target`、`jsx`和`module`，以及启用`strict`模式，可以提升代码质量并确保类型安全。同时，利用Babel的`preset-env`和`useBuiltIns`策略，针对特定浏览器版本进行代码转换。
工程根路径下执行 npx tsc --init，生成 tsconfig.json 文件，内含有英文注释，常用的我加上了中文注释，整体保存留档。
{
"compilerOptions": {
/* Visit https://aka.ms/tsconfig to read more about this file */
/* Projects */
// "incremental": true, /* Save .tsbuildinfo files to allow for incremental compilation of projects. */
// "composite": true, /* Enable constraints that allow a TypeScript project to be used with project references. */
// "tsBuildInfoFile": "./.tsbuildinfo", /* Specify the path to .tsbuildinfo incremental compilation file. */
// "disableSourceOfProjectReferenceRedirect": true, /* Disable preferring source files instead of declaration files when referencing composite projects. */
// "disableSolutionSearching": true, /* Opt a project out of multi-project reference checking when editing. */
// "disableReferencedProjectLoad": true, /* Reduce the number of projects loaded automatically by TypeScript. */
/* Language and Environment */
// 设置ts代码编译的目标版本
"target": "es2016", /* Set the JavaScript language version for emitted JavaScript and include compatible library declarations. */
// 指定代码运行时所包含的库
// "lib": ["ES6", "DOM"], /* Specify a set of bundled library declaration files that describe the target runtime environment. */
// "jsx": "preserve", /* Specify what JSX code is generated. */
// "experimentalDecorators": true, /* Enable experimental support for TC39 stage 2 draft decorators. */
// "emitDecoratorMetadata": true, /* Emit design-type metadata for decorated declarations in source files. */
// "jsxFactory": "", /* Specify the JSX factory function used when targeting React JSX emit, e.g. 'React.createElement' or 'h'. */
// "jsxFragmentFactory": "", /* Specify the JSX Fragment reference used for fragments when targeting React JSX emit e.g. 'React.Fragment' or 'Fragment'. */
// "jsxImportSource": "", /* Specify module specifier used to import the JSX factory functions when using 'jsx: react-jsx*'. */
// "reactNamespace": "", /* Specify the object invoked for 'createElement'. This only applies when targeting 'react' JSX emit. */
// "noLib": true, /* Disable including any library files, including the default lib.d.ts. */
// "useDefineForClassFields": true, /* Emit ECMAScript-standard-compliant class fields. */
// "moduleDetection": "auto", /* Control what method is used to detect module-format JS files. */
/* Modules */
// 设置编译后代码使用的模块化系统：commonjs | UMD | AMD | ES2020 | ESNext | System
"module": "commonjs", /* Specify what module code is generated. */
// 指定代码的根目录
// "rootDir": "./", /* Specify the root folder within your source files. */
// "moduleResolution": "node", /* Specify how TypeScript looks up a file from a given module specifier. */
// "baseUrl": "./", /* Specify the base directory to resolve non-relative module names. */
// "paths": {}, /* Specify a set of entries that re-map imports to additional lookup locations. */
// "rootDirs": [], /* Allow multiple folders to be treated as one when resolving modules. */
// "typeRoots": [], /* Specify multiple folders that act like './node_modules/@types'. */
// "types": [], /* Specify type package names to be included without being referenced in a source file. */
// "allowUmdGlobalAccess": true, /* Allow accessing UMD globals from modules. */
// "moduleSuffixes": [], /* List of file name suffixes to search when resolving a module. */
// "resolveJsonModule": true, /* Enable importing .json files. */
// "noResolve": true, /* Disallow 'import's, 'require's or '<reference>'s from expanding the number of files TypeScript should add to a project. */
/* JavaScript Support */
// 是否对js文件进行编译
// "allowJs": true, /* Allow JavaScript files to be a part of your program. Use the 'checkJS' option to get errors from these files. */
// 是否对js文件进行检查
// "checkJs": true, /* Enable error reporting in type-checked JavaScript files. */
// "maxNodeModuleJsDepth": 1, /* Specify the maximum folder depth used for checking JavaScript files from 'node_modules'. Only applicable with 'allowJs'. */
/* Emit */
// "declaration": true, /* Generate .d.ts files from TypeScript and JavaScript files in your project. */
// "declarationMap": true, /* Create sourcemaps for d.ts files. */
// "emitDeclarationOnly": true, /* Only output d.ts files and not JavaScript files. */
// 是否生成sourceMap
// "sourceMap": true, /* Create source map files for emitted JavaScript files. */
// 将所有文件编译为一个js文件
// "outFile": "./", /* Specify a file that bundles all outputs into one JavaScript file. If 'declaration' is true, also designates a file that bundles all .d.ts output. */
// 编译后文件所在目录
// "outDir": "./", /* Specify an output folder for all emitted files. */
// 是否移除注释
// "removeComments": true, /* Disable emitting comments. */
// 不对代码进行编译
// "noEmit": true, /* Disable emitting files from a compilation. */
// "importHelpers": true, /* Allow importing helper functions from tslib once per project, instead of including them per-file. */
// "importsNotUsedAsValues": "remove", /* Specify emit/checking behavior for imports that are only used for types. */
// "downlevelIteration": true, /* Emit more compliant, but verbose and less performant JavaScript for iteration. */
// "sourceRoot": "", /* Specify the root path for debuggers to find the reference source code. */
// "mapRoot": "", /* Specify the location where debugger should locate map files instead of generated locations. */
// "inlineSourceMap": true, /* Include sourcemap files inside the emitted JavaScript. */
// "inlineSources": true, /* Include source code in the sourcemaps inside the emitted JavaScript. */
// "emitBOM": true, /* Emit a UTF-8 Byte Order Mark (BOM) in the beginning of output files. */
// "newLine": "crlf", /* Set the newline character for emitting files. */
// "stripInternal": true, /* Disable emitting declarations that have '@internal' in their JSDoc comments. */
// "noEmitHelpers": true, /* Disable generating custom helper functions like '__extends' in compiled output. */
// "noEmitOnError": true, /* Disable emitting files if any type checking errors are reported. */
// "preserveConstEnums": true, /* Disable erasing 'const enum' declarations in generated code. */
// "declarationDir": "./", /* Specify the output directory for generated declaration files. */
// "preserveValueImports": true, /* Preserve unused imported values in the JavaScript output that would otherwise be removed. */
/* Interop Constraints */
// "isolatedModules": true, /* Ensure that each file can be safely transpiled without relying on other imports. */
// "allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true, /* Allow 'import x from y' when a module doesn't have a default export. */
"esModuleInterop": true, /* Emit additional JavaScript to ease support for importing CommonJS modules. This enables 'allowSyntheticDefaultImports' for type compatibility. */
// "preserveSymlinks": true, /* Disable resolving symlinks to their realpath. This correlates to the same flag in node. */
"forceConsistentCasingInFileNames": true, /* Ensure that casing is correct in imports. */
/* Type Checking */
// 开启所有的严格检查
"strict": true, /* Enable all strict type-checking options. */
// 禁止隐式的any类型
// "noImplicitAny": true, /* Enable error reporting for expressions and declarations with an implied 'any' type. */
// 严格的空值检查
// "strictNullChecks": true, /* When type checking, take into account 'null' and 'undefined'. */
// 严格检查函数的类型
// "strictFunctionTypes": true, /* When assigning functions, check to ensure parameters and the return values are subtype-compatible. */
// 严格检查 call apply bind的参数列表
// "strictBindCallApply": true, /* Check that the arguments for 'bind', 'call', and 'apply' methods match the original function. */
// 严格检查属性是否初始化
// "strictPropertyInitialization": true, /* Check for class properties that are declared but not set in the constructor. */
// 禁止不明确的this
// "noImplicitThis": true, /* Enable error reporting when 'this' is given the type 'any'. */
// "useUnknownInCatchVariables": true, /* Default catch clause variables as 'unknown' instead of 'any'. */
// 总是以严格方式对代码进行编译
// "alwaysStrict": true, /* Ensure 'use strict' is always emitted. */
// 检查未使用的局部变量
// "noUnusedLocals": true, /* Enable error reporting when local variables aren't read. */
// 检查未使用的参数
// "noUnusedParameters": true, /* Raise an error when a function parameter isn't read. */
// "exactOptionalPropertyTypes": true, /* Interpret optional property types as written, rather than adding 'undefined'. */
// 检查函数没有隐式的返回值
// "noImplicitReturns": true, /* Enable error reporting for codepaths that do not explicitly return in a function. */
// 检查switch中是否包含正确的break
// "noFallthroughCasesInSwitch": true, /* Enable error reporting for fallthrough cases in switch statements. */
// "noUncheckedIndexedAccess": true, /* Add 'undefined' to a type when accessed using an index. */
// "noImplicitOverride": true, /* Ensure overriding members in derived classes are marked with an override modifier. */
// "noPropertyAccessFromIndexSignature": true, /* Enforces using indexed accessors for keys declared using an indexed type. */
// "allowUnusedLabels": true, /* Disable error reporting for unused labels. */
// 检查不可达代码 true: 忽略； false: 不可达代码将会引起错误
// "allowUnreachableCode": true, /* Disable error reporting for unreachable code. */
// 有错误时不进行编译
// "noEmitOnError": false
/* Completeness */
// "skipDefaultLibCheck": true, /* Skip type checking .d.ts files that are included with TypeScript. */
"skipLibCheck": true /* Skip type checking all .d.ts files. */
}
}
开发中经常还需要结合babel来实现对代码的转义，来兼容更多的浏览器。具体配置：
...略...
module: {
rules: [
{
test: /\.ts$/,
use: [
{
loader: "babel-loader",
options:{
presets: [
[
"@babel/preset-env",
{
"targets":{
"chrome": "58",
"ie": "11"
},
"corejs":"3",
"useBuiltIns": "usage"
}
]
]
}
},
{
loader: "ts-loader",
}
],
exclude: /node_modules/
}
]
}
...略...这样，ts编译后的文件将会被babel再次处理，可以在targets中指定要兼容的浏览器版本。
这里有更详细的解释说明 tsconfig.json配置说明_X01动力装甲的博客-优快云博客
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