[次小生成树Prim] Is There A Second Way Left? UVA 10462

面对邻居们的宽带连接需求,NASA顶级程序员面临着最小化电缆成本及寻找第二优解决方案的任务。本篇探讨了通过特定算法来解决这一问题的具体实现。

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Nasa, being the most talented programmer of his time, can’t think things to be so simple. Recently all
his neighbors have decided to connect themselves over a network (actually all of them want to share
a broadband internet connection :-)). But he wants to minimize the total cost of cable required as he
is a bit fastidious about the expenditure of the project. For some unknown reasons, he also wants a
second way left. I mean, he wants to know the second best cost (if there is any which may be same as
the best cost) for the project. I am sure, he is capable of solving the problem. But he is very busy with
his private affairs(?) and he will remain so. So, it is your turn to prove yourself a good programmer.
Take the challenge (if you are brave enough)...
Input
Input starts with an integer t ≤ 1000 which denotes the number of test cases to handle. Then follows
t datasets where every dataset starts with a pair of integers v (1 ≤ v ≤ 100) and e (0 ≤ e ≤ 200). v
denotes the number of neighbors and e denotes the number of allowed direct connections among them.
The following e lines contain the description of the allowed direct connections where each line is of the
form ‘start end cost’, where start and end are the two ends of the connection and cost is the cost for
the connection. All connections are bi-directional and there may be multiple connections between two
ends.
Output
There may be three cases in the output
1. No way to complete the task,
2. There is only one way to complete the task,
3. There are more than one way.
Output ‘No way’ for the first case, ‘No second way’ for the second case and an integer c for the

third case where c is the second best cost. Output for a case should start in a new line.


Sample Input
4
5 4
1 2 5
3 2 5
4 2 5
5 4 5
5 3
1 2 5
3 2 5
5 4 5
5 5
1 2 5
3 2 5
4 2 5
5 4 5
4 5 6
1 0
Sample Output
Case #1 : No second way
Case #2 : No way
Case #3 : 21
Case #4 : No second way



#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
const int mn = 110;
const int inf = 0x7fffffff;

int cost[mn][mn];
int cost2[mn][mn];
bool vis[mn];
int dis[mn];

int f[mn];
int far[mn][mn];
bool is[mn][mn];

int main()
{
	int T;
	scanf("%d", &T);
	for (int q = 1; q <= T; q++)
	{
		int n, m;
		scanf("%d %d", &n, &m);
		for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
			for (int j = 1; j <= n; j++)
				if (i != j)
					cost2[i][j] = cost[i][j] = inf;

		for (int i = 1; i <= m; i++)
		{
			int a, b, c;
			scanf("%d %d %d", &a, &b, &c);
			if (c >= cost[a][b] && c < cost2[a][b])
				cost2[a][b] = cost2[b][a] = c;
			else if (c < cost[a][b])
			{
				cost2[a][b] = cost2[b][a] = cost[a][b];
				cost[a][b] = cost[b][a] = c;
			}
		}

		memset(is, 0, sizeof is);
		memset(vis, 0, sizeof vis);
		memset(far, 0, sizeof far);
		dis[1] = 0;
		vis[1] = 1;
		for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
		{
			f[i] = 1;
			dis[i] = cost[1][i];
		}
		int fr = 0;
		int sz = 0;
		while (1)
		{
			int t = -1;
			for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
				if (!vis[i] && dis[i] != inf && (t == -1 || dis[i] < dis[t]))
					t = i;
			if (t == -1)
				break;
			vis[t] = 1;
			sz ++;
			is[f[t]][t] = is[t][f[t]] = 1;
			fr += dis[t];

			for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
			{
				if (!vis[i] && cost[t][i] < dis[i])
				{
					f[i] = t;
					dis[i] = cost[t][i];
				}
				else if (vis[i] && i != t)
				{
					far[i][t] = max(far[i][f[t]], cost[f[t]][t]);
					far[t][i] = far[i][t];
				}
			}
		}
		
		printf("Case #%d : ", q);
		if (sz != n - 1)
		{
			printf("No way\n");
			continue;
		}

		int sc = inf;
		for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
			for (int j = i + 1; j <= n; j++)
			{
				if (!is[i][j] && cost[i][j] != inf)
					sc = min(sc, fr - far[i][j] + cost[i][j]);
				else if (is[i][j] && cost2[i][j] != inf)
					sc = min(sc, fr - cost[i][j] + cost2[i][j]);
			}
		if (sc ==  inf)
			printf("No second way\n");
		else 
			printf("%d\n", sc);
	}
	return 0;
}

资源下载链接为: https://pan.quark.cn/s/1bfadf00ae14 “STC单片机电压测量”是一个以STC系列单片机为基础的电压检测应用案例,它涵盖了硬件电路设计、软件编程以及数据处理等核心知识点。STC单片机凭借其低功耗、高性价比和丰富的I/O接口,在电子工程领域得到了广泛应用。 STC是Specialized Technology Corporation的缩写,该公司的单片机基于8051内核,具备内部振荡器、高速运算能力、ISP(在系统编程)和IAP(在应用编程)功能,非常适合用于各种嵌入式控制系统。 在源代码方面,“浅雪”风格的代码通常简洁易懂,非常适合初学者学习。其中,“main.c”文件是程序的入口,包含了电压测量的核心逻辑;“STARTUP.A51”是启动代码,负责初始化单片机的硬件环境;“电压测量_uvopt.bak”和“电压测量_uvproj.bak”可能是Keil编译器的配置文件备份,用于设置编译选项和项目配置。 对于3S锂电池电压测量,3S锂电池由三节锂离子电池串联而成,标称电压为11.1V。测量时需要考虑电池的串联特性,通过分压电路将高电压转换为单片机可接受的范围,并实时监控,防止过充或过放,以确保电池的安全和寿命。 在电压测量电路设计中,“电压测量.lnp”文件可能包含电路布局信息,而“.hex”文件是编译后的机器码,用于烧录到单片机中。电路中通常会使用ADC(模拟数字转换器)将模拟电压信号转换为数字信号供单片机处理。 在软件编程方面,“StringData.h”文件可能包含程序中使用的字符串常量和数据结构定义。处理电压数据时,可能涉及浮点数运算,需要了解STC单片机对浮点数的支持情况,以及如何高效地存储和显示电压值。 用户界面方面,“电压测量.uvgui.kidd”可能是用户界面的配置文件,用于显示测量结果。在嵌入式系统中,用
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