uart接受串口数据(DMA+IT方式,基于HAL库)

本文介绍了如何使用STM32CubeMX配置USART1以启用中断和DMA接收,并展示了在中断服务函数中处理接收到的数据的步骤,包括清除中断标志、停止和重新启动DMA,以及数据的存储和处理。

1.通过stm32cubeMx使能usart1并使能usart1中断,开启usart1的接受DMA

2.在void HAL_UART_MspInit(UART_HandleTypeDef* uartHandle)函数的最后添加

//使能空闲中断
__HAL_UART_ENABLE_IT(&huart1, UART_IT_IDLE)。

huart1为usart1句柄。

UART_IT_IDLE为串口空闲的一个宏

3.在main函数紧挨着while(1)且在while(1)前面的地方加入

//开启DMA搬运
HAL_UART_Receive_DMA(&huart1, DMA_Usart1_RxBuffer, RXLENGHT)。

huart1为串口的句柄,DMA_Usart1_RxBuffer为DMA搬运到的目的地(一个数组)。

RXLENGHT为需要搬运的大小

4.在stm32f4xx_it.c文件中的USART1_IRQHandler函数修改为:

void USART1_IRQHandler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_IRQn 0 */
    uint16_t uart1_rece_len = 0;
    //判断是否产生空闲中断
    if(__HAL_UART_GET_FLAG(&huart1, UART_FLAG_IDLE) == SET){
        __HAL_UART_CLEAR_IDLEFLAG(&huart1);//清除中断标志
//        huart1.Instance->SR;
//        huart1.Instance->DR;
        //停止DMA
        HAL_UART_DMAStop(&huart1);
        //将接受长度求出
        uart1_rece_len = RXLENGHT - hdma_usart1_rx.Instance->NDTR;//试试这里能不能通过strlen求出长度
        
        //将接受的数据添加到uart1_msg_S中,每次对USArt1进行读取后都需要清空缓冲区
        uart1_msg_S.len = strlen((char*)uart1_msg_S.data);
        
        memcpy((void*)(&uart1_msg_S.data[uart1_msg_S.len]), (void*)DMA_Usart1_RxBuffer, uart1_rece_len);
        
        //将DMA_Usart1_RxBuffer清空
        memset((void*)DMA_Usart1_RxBuffer, 0, RXLENGHT);
        
        //再次开启DMA
        HAL_UART_Receive_DMA(&huart1, DMA_Usart1_RxBuffer, RXLENGHT);
    }
  /* USER CODE END USART1_IRQn 0 */
  HAL_UART_IRQHandler(&huart1);
  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_IRQn 1 */

  /* USER CODE END USART1_IRQn 1 */
}

这个代码我还没有来得及试,试了之后再修改

### STM32F407 UART DMA Idle Line Detection HAL Library Implementation For implementing UART communication with DMA and idle line detection on the STM32F407 using the HAL library, several key components need to be configured properly within STM32CubeMX as well as through custom code additions. #### Configuration in STM32CubeMX In STM32CubeMX, select the desired UART peripheral (e.g., `USART1`) and enable both TX/RX pins. Under the "Configuration" tab of the selected UART interface: - Enable **DMA Request** for both transmission (`Tx`) and reception (`Rx`). - Set up an interrupt request specifically for handling IDLE line events. - Ensure that the NVIC settings are adjusted so these interrupts have appropriate priorities set[^1]. After configuring parameters via CubeMX, generate the project files which will include necessary initialization routines but may require additional coding adjustments specific to your application requirements. #### Custom Code Additions Below is a simplified version demonstrating how one might implement such functionality programmatically after setting up basic configurations mentioned above: ```c #include "main.h" extern UART_HandleTypeDef huart1; uint8_t rxBuffer[RECEIVE_BUFFER_SIZE]; // Define buffer size according to needs volatile uint8_t *pRxBuffPtr; void StartReceive(void){ pRxBuffPtr = &rxBuffer[0]; /* Clear any previous flags */ __HAL_UART_CLEAR_IDLEFLAG(&huart1); /* Enable the UART Data Register not empty Interrupt */ __HAL_UART_ENABLE_IT(&huart1,UART_IT_RXNE); /* Enable the UART Error Interrupt: (Frame error) */ __HAL_UART_ENABLE_IT(&huart1,UART_IT_ERR); /* Enable the UART Idle Line Interrupt */ __HAL_UART_ENABLE_IT(&huart1,UART_IT_IDLE); /* Start receiving data by enabling DMA channel */ HAL_UART_Receive_DMA(&huart1,(uint8_t*)pRxBuffPtr,sizeof(rxBuffer)); } // Callback function called when an event occurs during reception or transmission void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart){ if(huart->Instance== USART1){ // Process received data here... // Restart receive operation once complete StartReceive(); } } ``` This snippet initializes DMA-based reception over UART while also preparing handlers for processing incoming packets upon completion or encountering errors like frame issues or detecting an idle state between transmissions. Note that actual implementations should consider more robust error checking mechanisms beyond what's shown here. Additionally, ensure proper setup of callback functions related to UART operations including those triggered due to IDLE lines being detected since this allows applications to know precisely when all expected bytes from sender side were fully transferred into local buffers before starting further processing steps. --related questions-- 1. How does one configure UART peripherals for different baud rates? 2. What considerations must be taken into account when choosing buffer sizes for DMA transfers? 3. Can you explain the role of NVIC priority levels in managing multiple interrupt sources effectively? 4. Is it possible to use circular mode with DMA for continuous data streaming without gaps? 5. Are there alternative methods besides polling status registers for determining whether new characters arrived at RX FIFO?
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