java+rabbbitmq

最新推荐文章于 2025-07-04 16:36:47 发布

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#rabbitmq #java #spring

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本文介绍了如何在Java项目中集成RabbitMQ，包括安装RabbitMQ并启用管理插件，添加amqp-client等依赖，以及编写生产者和消费者示例代码，最后展示了Spring与RabbitMQ的整合配置。

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首先安装rabbitmq，安装之后运行rabbitmq-plugins.bat enable rabbitmq_management（开启该插件）和

net stop RabbitMQ && net start RabbitMQ；

项目中引入amqp-client包；编写简单示例

ConnectionUtil.java

public class ConnectionUtil {

    private static final String RABBIT_HOST = "localhost";

    private static final int RABBIT_PORT = 5672;

    private static final String RABBIT_USERNAME = "guest";

    private static final String RABBIT_PASSWORD = "guest";

    private static Connection connection = null;

    public static Connection getConnection() {

        if (connection == null) {
            try {
                ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = getConnectionFactory();
                connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new RuntimeException("获取connection连接失败");
            }
        }

        return connection;
    }

    private static ConnectionFactory getConnectionFactory() {

        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();

        // 配置连接信息
        connectionFactory.setHost(RABBIT_HOST);
        connectionFactory.setPort(RABBIT_PORT);
        connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");
        connectionFactory.setUsername(RABBIT_USERNAME);
        connectionFactory.setPassword(RABBIT_PASSWORD);

        // 网络异常自动连接恢复
        connectionFactory.setAutomaticRecoveryEnabled(true);
        // 每10秒尝试重试连接一次
        connectionFactory.setNetworkRecoveryInterval(10000);

        return connectionFactory;
    }
}

生产者Producer.java

public class Producer {

    private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "wav_queue";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel(1);
	     /*
	      * 参数1：队列名称
	      * 参数2：为true时server重启队列不会消失
	      * 参数3：队列是否是独占的，如果为true只能被一个connection使用，其他连接建立时会抛出异常
	      * 参数4：队列不再使用时是否自动删除（没有连接，并且没有未处理的消息)
	      * 参数5：建立队列时的其他参数
	      */
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, null);
        
        String message = "Hello World!";
        
        for (int i = 1; i < 21; i++) {
            message = message + i;
            channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes());
            System.out.println("生产者 send ：" + message);
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        }
        
        channel.close();
        connection.close();
    }
}

消费者Consumer.java

public class Consumer {

    private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "wav_queue";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        final Channel channel = connection.createChannel(1);
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, null);
        
        com.rabbitmq.client.Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
        	
        	public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
                   try {
                	   Thread.sleep(2000);
                   } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                	   e.printStackTrace();
                   }
                   
                   channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(), false);
//                   super.handleDelivery(consumerTag, envelope, properties, body);
                   System.out.println("消费者 consumer " + new String(body, "UTF-8"));
            }
        };
        
        //监听队列，当b为true时，为自动提交（只要消息从队列中获取，无论消费者获取到消息后是否成功消息，都认为是消息已经成功消费），
        // 当b为false时，为手动提交（消费者从队列中获取消息后，服务器会将该消息标记为不可用状态，等待消费者的反馈，
        // 如果消费者一直没有反馈，那么该消息将一直处于不可用状态。
        //如果选用自动确认,在消费者拿走消息执行过程中出现宕机时,消息可能就会丢失！！）
        //使用channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(),false);进行消息确认
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
    }
}

spring整合rabbitmq，添加jar包

amqp-client、spring-rabbit、spring-amqp、spring-retry；

配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.0.xsd"
	default-autowire="byName" default-lazy-init="false">
	
	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath*:/config/database.properties" ignore-unresolvable="true"/>

	<context:component-scan base-package="com.xxi" />

	<!-- 连接配置 -->
    <rabbit:connection-factory id="rabbit-connectionFactory" host="${mq.host}" username="${mq.username}" password="${mq.password}" port="${mq.port}"  virtual-host="${mq.vhost}"/>

    <rabbit:admin connection-factory="rabbit-connectionFactory"/>

    <!-- 声明一个消息队列（
        durable:是否持久化
        exclusive: 仅创建者可以使用的私有队列，断开后自动删除
        auto_delete: 当所有消费客户端连接断开后，是否自动删除队列） -->
    <rabbit:queue id="wav_queue" name="wav_queue" durable="true" auto-delete="false" exclusive="false" />

    <!-- 定义交换机
     rabbit:direct-exchange：定义exchange模式为direct，意思就是消息与一个特定的路由键完全匹配，才会转发。
     rabbit:binding：设置消息queue匹配的key
     -->
    <rabbit:direct-exchange name="wav_queue.exchange" durable="true" auto-delete="false">  
        <rabbit:bindings>  
            <rabbit:binding queue="wav_queue" key="wav_queue.key" />  
        </rabbit:bindings>  
    </rabbit:direct-exchange>  
    
    <!-- 消息对象json转换类 -->
    <bean id="jsonMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.Jackson2JsonMessageConverter" />
    
    <!-- spring template声明，注入到类中，用于将消息发送到指定队列-->
    <rabbit:template exchange="wav_queue.exchange" id="amqpTemplate"  connection-factory="rabbit-connectionFactory"  message-converter="jsonMessageConverter" />

    <!-- 消费者配置  -->

    <!-- 队列监听类 -->
    <bean id="wavqueueListener" class="com.biu.xx.xx.xxx.WavQueueListener"/>

    <!-- 监听容器配置 -->
    <rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="rabbit-connectionFactory" acknowledge="manual">
        <rabbit:listener queues="wav_queue" ref="wavqueueListener" method="onMessage"/>
    </rabbit:listener-container>
</beans>

WavQueueListener.java

public class WavQueueListener implements ChannelAwareMessageListener {
	
	private static Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(WavQueueListener.class);

	@Override
	public void onMessage(Message message, Channel channel) throws Exception {
		try {
            String ackMessage = new String(message.getBody(), "utf-8");
            logger.debug("接收到:" + ackMessage);
        } catch (Exception e) {
        	logger.error(e.getMessage());
        }
	}
}

MQProducer.java

@Component
public class MQProducer {

	@Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;
	
	public void sendDataToQueue(String queueKey, Object object) {
		
		if (queueKey == null) {
			queueKey = "wav_queue.key";
		}
		
        System.out.println("--"+amqpTemplate);
        
        try {
            amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(queueKey, object);
            System.out.println("------消息发送成功------");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println(e);
        }

    }
}