这个在spring 中配置文件中是非常常用的。
context:property-placeholder大大的 方便了我们数据库 的配置。
只需要在spring的配置文件里添加一句: < context:property-placeholder ? location = "classpath:jdbc.properties" /> ?即可,这里location值为参数配置文件的位置,参数配置文件通常放在src目录下,而参数配置文件的格式跟java通用的参数配置文件相同,即键值对的形式,例如: #jdbc配置 test.jdbc.driverClassName = com .mysql.jdbc.Driver test.jdbc.url = jdbc :mysql://localhost:3306/test test.jdbc.username = root test.jdbc.password = root
这样一来就可以为spring配置的bean的属性设置值了,比如spring有一个jdbc数据源的类DriverManagerDataSource
在配置文件里这么定义bean:
<bean id="testDataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${test.jdbc.driverClassName}"/> <property name="url" value="${test.jdbc.url}"/> <property name="username" value="${test.jdbc.username}"/> <property name="password" value="${test.jdbc.password}"/> </bean>
这样修改起来也方便,也统一的这个规范。
另外需要注意的是,如果遇到下面着着这种问题:
A模块和B模块都分别拥有自己的Spring XML配置,并分别拥有自己的配置文件:
A模块的Spring配置文件如下:
<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd"> < context:property-placeholder location = "classpath*:conf/conf_a.properties" /> < bean class = "com.xxx.aaa.Bean1" p:driverClassName = "${modulea.jdbc.driverClassName}" p:url = "${modulea.jdbc.url}" p:username = "${modulea.jdbc.username}" p:password = "${modulea.jdbc.password}" /> </ beans >
conf/conf_a.properties:
modulea.jdbc.driverClassName = com .mysql.jdbc.Driver modulea.jdbc.username = cartan modulea.jdbc.password = superman modulea.jdbc.url = jdbc :mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/modulea? useUnicode = true & characterEncoding = utf8
B模块的Spring配置文件如下:
<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd"> < context:property-placeholder location = "classpath*:conf/conf_b.properties" /> < bean class = "com.xxx.bbb.Bean1" p:driverClassName = "${moduleb.jdbc.driverClassName}" p:url = "${moduleb.jdbc.url}" p:username = "${moduleb.jdbc.username}" p:password = "${moduleb.jdbc.password}" /> </ beans >
conf/conf_b.properties:
moduleb.jdbc.driverClassName = com .mysql.jdbc.Driver moduleb.jdbc.username = cartan moduleb.jdbc.password = superman moduleb.jdbc.url = jdbc :mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/modulea? useUnicode = true & characterEncoding = utf8
单独运行A模块,或单独运行B模块都是正常的,但将A和B两个模块集成后运行,Spring容器就启动不了了:
Could not resolve placeholder 'moduleb.jdbc.driverClassName' in string value "${moduleb.jdbc.driverClassName}"
原因:Spring容器采用反射扫描的发现机制,在探测到Spring容器中有一个org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer的Bean就会停止对剩余PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer的扫描
spring容器中最多只能定义一个
context:property-placeholder
,不然就出现那种个错误,那如何来解决上面的问题呢?
A和B模块去掉
< context:property-placeholder location = "classpath*:conf/conf_b.properties" />
然后重新写个xml:
<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd"> < context:property-placeholder location = "classpath*:conf/conf*.properties" /> < import resource = "a.xml" /> < import resource = "b.xml" /> </ beans >