‘NSDecimalNumber--十进制数’使用方法

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本文详细介绍了NSDecimalNumber的创建方式及各种数学运算方法，并通过示例展示了如何进行数值比较。

NSDecimalNumber-十进制数，可以有小数点，可以是正负数。继承于NSNumber

+ (NSDecimalNumber
 *)decimalNumberWithMantissa:(unsigned long long)mantissa exponent:(short)exponent isNegative:(BOOL)flag;

mantissa：长整形；exponent：指数；flag：正负数。

NSDecimalNumber *subtotalAmount = [NSDecimalNumber decimalNumberWithMantissa:1275 exponent:-2 isNegative:NO];   //12.75
  subtotalAmount = [NSDecimalNumber decimalNumberWithMantissa:1275 exponent:2 isNegative:YES];   //-127500

+ (NSDecimalNumber
 *)decimalNumberWithDecimal:(NSDecimal)dcm;

将C语言NSDecimal类型转成一个十进制数。

  NSDecimalNumber *subtotalAmount = [NSDecimalNumber decimalNumberWithMantissa:1275 exponent:-2 isNegative:NO];   //12.75
  NSDecimal decimalValue = [subtotalAmount decimalValue];
  /**
   *  数据结构：
   (NSDecimal) decimalValue = {
   _exponent = -2
   _length = 1
   _isNegative = 0
   _isCompact = 1
   _reserved = 0
   _mantissa = ([0] = 1275, [1] = 0, [2] = 0, [3] = 0, [4] = 0, [5] = 0, [6] = 0, [7] = 0)
   */
  subtotalAmount = [NSDecimalNumber decimalNumberWithDecimal:decimalValue];   //12.75

+ (NSDecimalNumber
 *)decimalNumberWithString:(nullable NSString *)numberValue;

将字符串转成一个十进制数。

NSDecimalNumber *discountAmount = [NSDecimalNumber decimalNumberWithString:@"-12.74"];      //-12.74
  discountAmount = [NSDecimalNumber decimalNumberWithString:@"127.4"];      //127.4

+ (NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberWithString:(nullable NSString *)numberValue locale:(nullable id)locale;
这个有点复杂，locale代表一种格式，就像date的格式化一样。这里的locale可以传递两种格式
NSDictionary类型：

NSDictionary *locale = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@"," forKey:NSLocaleDecimalSeparator];    //以","当做小数点格式
NSDecimalNumber *discountAmount = [NSDecimalNumber decimalNumberWithString:@"123,40" locale:locale];    //123.4

NSLocale *locale = [[NSLocale alloc] initWithLocaleIdentifier:@"fr_FR"];    //法国数据格式,法国的小数点是','逗号
NSDecimalNumber *discountAmount = [NSDecimalNumber decimalNumberWithString:@"123,40" locale:locale];    //123.4

+(NSDecimalNumber *)zero; //0
+(NSDecimalNumber *)one; //1
+(NSDecimalNumber *)minimumDecimalNumber;
//-3402823669209384634633746074317682114550000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+(NSDecimalNumber *)maximumDecimalNumber;
//3402823669209384634633746074317682114550000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+(NSDecimalNumber *)notANumber;
//非数字，常用于对比，比如：
[[NSDecimalNumber notANumber] isEqualToNumber:myNumber];

加法运算

-(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberByAdding:(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumber;
-(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberByAdding:(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumber withBehavior:(nullable id <NSDecimalNumberBehaviors>)behavior;

减法运算

-(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberBySubtracting:(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumber;
-(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberBySubtracting:(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumber withBehavior:(nullable id <NSDecimalNumberBehaviors>)behavior;

乘法运算
-(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberByMultiplyingBy:(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumber;-(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberByMultiplyingBy:(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumber withBehavior:(nullable id <NSDecimalNumberBehaviors>)behavior;

除法运算

-(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberByDividingBy:(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumber;
-(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberByDividingBy:(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumber withBehavior:(nullable id <NSDecimalNumberBehaviors>)behavior;

a的n次方

-(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberByRaisingToPower:(NSUInteger)power;
-(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberByRaisingToPower:(NSUInteger)power withBehavior:(nullable id <NSDecimalNumberBehaviors>)behavior;

指数运算

-(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberByMultiplyingByPowerOf10:(short)power;
-(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberByMultiplyingByPowerOf10:(short)power 
withBehavior:(nullable id <NSDecimalNumberBehaviors>)behavior;

四舍五入运算

-(NSDecimalNumber *)decimalNumberByRoundingAccordingToBehavior:(nullable id <NSDecimalNumberBehaviors>)behavior;

比较运算

-(NSComparisonResult)compare:(NSNumber *)decimalNumber;

示例

NSDecimalNumber *discount1 = [NSDecimalNumber decimalNumberWithString:@"1.2"];
  NSDecimalNumber *discount2 = [NSDecimalNumber decimalNumberWithString:@"1.3"];
  NSComparisonResult result = [discount1 compare:discount2];
  if (result == NSOrderedAscending) {
      NSLog(@"1.2 < 1.3");
  } else if (result == NSOrderedSame) {
      NSLog(@"1.2 == 1.3");
  } else if (result == NSOrderedDescending) {
      NSLog(@"1.2 > 1.3");
  }