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Mastering CMake — Mastering CMake

CMake Reference Documentation — CMake 3.15.7 Documentation

最小工程文件

PROJECT(app)
CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.6)
AUX_SOURCE_DIRECTORY(. DIR_SRCS)
ADD_EXECUTABLE(app ${DIR_SRCS})

添加版本号配置头文件

cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 2.6)
project (Tutorial)
# The version number.
set (Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR 1)
set (Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR 0)
 
# configure a header file to pass some of the CMake settings
# to the source code
configure_file (
  "${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/TutorialConfig.h.in"
  "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/TutorialConfig.h"
  )
 
# add the binary tree to the search path for include files
# so that we will find TutorialConfig.h
include_directories("${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}")
 
# add the executable
add_executable(Tutorial tutorial.cxx)


创建：TutorialConfig.h.in
#define Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR @Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR@
#define Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR @Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR@

cmake 宏信息会被替换

#include <TutorialConfig.h>
就可以使用了

添加共享库

add_library(MathFunctions mysqrt.cxx)    //添加共享库

根节点使用：
include_directories ("${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/MathFunctions") //包含头目录
add_subdirectory (MathFunctions)                            //添加子目录 必须有cmakelist.txt

link_directories(/usr/lib)
add_executable (Tutorial tutorial.cxx)
target_link_libraries (Tutorial MathFunctions) //链接库依赖

添加编译选项

在顶层CMakeList.txt添加
option (USE_MYMATH "Use tutorial provided math implementation" ON)

if (USE_MYMATH)
  include_directories ("${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/MathFunctions")
  add_subdirectory (MathFunctions)
  set (EXTRA_LIBS ${EXTRA_LIBS} MathFunctions)
endif (USE_MYMATH)
 
# add the executable
add_executable (Tutorial tutorial.cxx)
target_link_libraries (Tutorial  ${EXTRA_LIBS})
//.cpp中使用

在.TutorialConfig.h.in中添加
#cmakedefine USE_MYMATH

安装和测试

install (TARGETS MathFunctions DESTINATION bin)
install (FILES MathFunctions.h DESTINATION include)
//应用程序

install (TARGETS Tutorial DESTINATION bin)
install (FILES "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/TutorialConfig.h" DESTINATION include)

CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX 指定安装路径

使用: 
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=<你想要安装的路径>
或者
SET(CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX <install_path>)

//测试
include(CTest)
 
# does the application run
add_test (TutorialRuns Tutorial 25)
 
# does it sqrt of 25
add_test (TutorialComp25 Tutorial 25)
set_tests_properties (TutorialComp25 PROPERTIES PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION "25 is 5")
 
# does it handle negative numbers
add_test (TutorialNegative Tutorial -25)
set_tests_properties (TutorialNegative PROPERTIES PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION "-25 is 0")
 
# does it handle small numbers
add_test (TutorialSmall Tutorial 0.0001)
set_tests_properties (TutorialSmall PROPERTIES PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION "0.0001 is 0.01")
 
# does the usage message work?
add_test (TutorialUsage Tutorial)
set_tests_properties (TutorialUsage PROPERTIES PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION "Usage:.*number")

命令解析

aux_source_directory(<dir> <variable>) 添加源文件到变量
例如： aux_source_directory(. SOURCE)
当前目录所有.cpp .c文件给变量 SOURCE

ADD_SUBDIRECTORY( src ) 指明本项目包含一个子目录 src
TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES( main Test )  指明可执行文件 main 需要连接一个名为Test的链接库

子目录共享库

src 创建CMakeList.txt

AUX_SOURCE_DIRECTORY(. DIR_TEST1_SRCS)
ADD_LIBRARY ( Test ${DIR_TEST1_SRCS})           //编译为 目录下源文件为 Test共享库

编译

创建build目录
执行  cmake path
path是CMakeList.txt路径

make -j4

cmake编译模式

可以通过两种方式指定生成的Makefile的编译模式，一种是在cmake命令后显示指定编译模式，一种可以把编译的模式配置写在CMakeLists.txt中。

方式一：显示指定
mkdir Release  
cd Release  
cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release ..  
make  
或者

mkdir Debug  
cd Debug  
cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug ..  
make  
方式二：在CMakeLists.txt中设置
SET(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "Debug”)
or
SET(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "Release")