How to harden Docker images

本文探讨了在Docker容器内使用init程序来启动多个进程、清理孤儿进程、监控并自动重启失败进程的方法。重点讨论了考虑因素如额外依赖、文件大小、信号传递机制、用户权限、监控与重启功能及僵尸进程清理。提出了硬化的策略,包括从特定镜像构建、设置默认用户、消除root权限提升路径和使用CAIIDs固定基本镜像。

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Using the init process is the bset way to launch multiple programs, clean up orphaned processes, monitor processes, and automatically restart any failed processes.

What need to consider when using init program in docker container:

  1. Additional dependencies the program will bring into the image
  2. File sizes
  3. How the program passes signals to its child processes (or if it does)
  4. Required user access
  5. Monitoring and restart functionality.
  6. Zombie process cleanup features.

A general strategy for hardening an application image is to minimize the software included with it.

Beyond the general strategy to harden image:

  1. enforce your images are built from a specific image
  2. have a sensible default user.
  3. eliminate a common path for root user escalation

Fixed the basic image by using CAIIDs.

1. sudo docker pull debian:jessie
2. #dockerfile
FROM debian@sha256:f3acedf74ce1b8cd4d7963a366c8101e9cae7f48197c76b636e6d5a0bfada627
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