python获取Prometheus监控数据

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-27 22:25:37 发布

Jiang_James_L

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-27 22:25:37 发布

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分类专栏： Linux python Prometheus

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/u014305062/article/details/98636139

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本文深入讲解Prometheus监控系统的使用，包括目标状态获取、资源使用情况监控及告警机制。通过调用Prometheus API，实现对目标健康状态的检查，以及CPU、内存、磁盘使用率的实时监控，并设定告警阈值和时间，确保系统稳定运行。

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1 获取Prometheus target数据

调用http://<prometheus.address>/api/v1/targets并解析。

def getTargetsStatus(address):
    url = address + '/api/v1/targets'
    response = requests.request('GET', url)
    if response.status_code == 200:
        targets = response.json()['data']['activeTargets']
        aliveNum, totalNum = 0, 0
        downList = []
        for target in targets:
            totalNum += 1
            if target['health'] == 'up':
                aliveNum += 1
            else:
                downList.append(target['labels']['instance'])
        print('-----------------------TargetsStatus--------------------------')
        print(str(aliveNum) + ' in ' + str(totalNum) + ' Targets are alive !!!')
        print('--------------------------------------------------------------')
        for down in downList:
            print('\033[31m\033[1m' + down + '\033[0m' + ' down !!!')
        print('-----------------------TargetsStatus--------------------------')
    else:
        print('\033[31m\033[1m' + 'Get targets status failed!' + '\033[0m')

2 获取Prometheus 监控信息(cpu、mem、disks)

调用http://<prometheus.address>/api/v1/query?query=<expr>并解析，其中expr为prometheus的查询语句。

### 定义cpu、mem、disks使用率的空字典
diskUsageDict = {}
cpuUsageDict = {}
memUsageDict = {}
### 定义采集时间间隔 s
monitorInterval = 5
### 定义超时告警时间 s
diskAlertTime = 5
cpuAlertTime = 300
memAlertTime = 300
### 定义告警阈值 %
diskThreshold = 80
cpuThreshold = 60
memThreshold = 70
def queryUsage(address, expr):
    url = address + '/api/v1/query?query=' + expr
    try:
        return json.loads(requests.get(url=url).content.decode('utf8', 'ignore'))
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)
        return {}
def orderUsageDict(usageDict, currentTime, monitorInterval):
    '''
    :param usageDict: 资源使用率字典
    :param usageDict: 资源使用率字典
    :param currentTime: 当前获取监控数据的时间节点
    :return:
    :description: 剔除字典中不满足连续超出阈值的数据
    '''
    for key in list(usageDict.keys()):
        if currentTime - usageDict[key][1] >= monitorInterval:
            usageDict.pop(key)
def getCurrentUsageGreater(address, record, threshold, usageDict, monitorInterval):
    '''
    :param address: Prometheus address
    :param record: Prometheus rules record
    :param threshold: 阈值
    :param usageDict: 资源使用率字典
    :param monitorInterval: 监控时间间隔
    :return:
    :description: 获取资源使用率大于阈值的数据
    '''
    expr = record + '>=' + str(threshold)
    usage = queryUsage(address=address, expr=expr)
    currentTime = 0
    if 'data' in usage and usage['data']['result']:
        for metric in usage['data']['result']:
            instance = metric['metric']['instance']
            if record == 'node:fs_usage:ratio' or record == 'node:fs_root_usage:ratio':
                metricLabel = instance + ':' + metric['metric']['mountpoint']
            else:
                metricLabel = instance
            utctime = metric['value'][0]
            value = metric['value'][1]
            describe = record.split(':')[1]
            if not metricLabel in usageDict.keys():
                usageDict[metricLabel] = (utctime, utctime, describe, value)
            else:
                startTime = usageDict.get(metricLabel)[0]
                usageDict[metricLabel] = (startTime, utctime, describe, value)
            currentTime = utctime
    orderUsageDict(usageDict=usageDict, currentTime=currentTime, monitorInterval=monitorInterval)
def printUsageDict(usageDict, alertTime):
    '''
    :param usageDict: 资源使用率字典
    :param alertTime: 监控告警时间
    :return:
    :description: 打印出超过监控告警时间的数据
    '''
    for key, value in usageDict.items():
        deltaT = value[1] - value[0]
        if deltaT >= alertTime:
            print(key + ' ----- ' + value[2] + '\033[31m\033[1m ' + str(value[3]) + '\033[0m ----- lasted for\033[31m\033[1m %.2f \033[0mseconds' % deltaT)
def monitorUsageGreater(address):
    '''
    :param address: Prometheus address
    :return:
    :description: 持续监控并输出数据
    '''
    while True:
        getCurrentUsageGreater(address, 'node:fs_usage:ratio', diskThreshold, diskUsageDict, monitorInterval)
        printUsageDict(diskUsageDict, alertTime=diskAlertTime)
        getCurrentUsageGreater(address, 'node:memory_usage:ratio', cpuThreshold, memUsageDict, monitorInterval)
        printUsageDict(memUsageDict, alertTime=memAlertTime)
        getCurrentUsageGreater(address, 'node:cpu_usage:ratio', memThreshold, cpuUsageDict, monitorInterval)
        printUsageDict(cpuUsageDict, alertTime=cpuAlertTime)
        time.sleep(monitorInterval)