1. 概念
和hibernate一样,mybatis是一个ORM框架,对我们的数据库操作进行了封装,提高了开发效率。通过查资料了解到,mybatis只是一个半自动化的ORM实现,需要我们自己写sql,而不像hibernate那样,直接定义好实体与数据表的映射就行。
2.数据准备(示例用Oracle 10g数据库)
create table t_user (
id number(10) primary key,
name varchar2(100),
org_id number(10)
);
insert into t_user (id,name,org_id) values (1,'张三',1);
insert into t_user (id,name,org_id) values (2,'李四',1);
insert into t_user (id,name,org_id) values (3,'王五',2);
insert into t_user (id,name,org_id) values (4,'赵六',2);
insert into t_user (id,name,org_id) values (5,'钱七',3);
create table t_role (
id number(10) primary key,
name varchar2(100)
);
insert into t_role (id,name) values (1,'总裁');
insert into t_role (id,name) values (2,'副总裁');
insert into t_role (id,name) values (3,'总经理');
insert into t_role (id,name) values (4,'项目经理');
create table t_user_role(
user_id number(10),
role_id number(10)
);
insert into t_user_role(user_id,role_id) values(1,1);
insert into t_user_role(user_id,role_id) values(2,2);
insert into t_user_role(user_id,role_id) values(3,3);
insert into t_user_role(user_id,role_id) values(4,4);
insert into t_user_role(user_id,role_id) values(5,4);
create table t_org(
id number(10) primary key,
name varchar2(100)
);
insert into t_org(id,name) values(1,'无线处');
insert into t_org(id,name) values(2,'有线处');
insert into t_org(id,name) values(3,'通用处');
3. mybatis最简单实例
hibernate有一个核心配置叫hibernate.cfg.xml,而mybatis的核心配置名称我这里取名叫mybatis-config.xml,来完成一个最基本的mybatis-config.xml的配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 对事务的管理和连接池的配置 -->
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC" />
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver" />
<property name="url" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl" />
<property name="username" value="ibatis" />
<property name="password" value="ibatis" />
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!-- mapping 文件路径配置 -->
<mappers>
<mapper resource="com/yu/res/UserMapper.xml" />
</mappers>
</configuration>
environments元素下配置了事务的管理、连接池的设定,mappers元素下,配置了我们的映射文件路径。从核心配置中我们看到需要配置一个映射文件,在配置映射文件之前,根据我们建的表,来创建对应的pojo模型。
User.java
package com.yu.model;
public class User {
private Long id;
private String name;
private Org org;
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Org getOrg() {
return org;
}
public void setOrg(Org org) {
this.org = org;
}
}
Org.java
package com.yu.model;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class Org {
private Long id;
private String name;
private List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>();
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public List<User> getUsers() {
return users;
}
public void setUsers(List<User> users) {
this.users = users;
}
}
Role.java
package com.yu.model;
public class Role {
private Long id;
private String name;
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
配置UserMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="UserMapper">
<select id="queryUser" resultType="com.yu.model.User">
select * from t_user
</select>
<select id="findUserById" resultType="com.yu.model.User" parameterType="long">
select * from t_user where id = #{id}
</select>
<select id="findUserByName" resultType="com.yu.model.User" parameterType="java.lang.String">
select * from t_user where name like '%'||#{name}||'%'
</select>
<insert id="addUser">
insert into t_user(id,name) values(#{id},#{name})
</insert>
<update id="updateUser" parameterType="com.yu.model.User">
update t_user set name = #{name} where id = ${id}
</update>
<delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="java.lang.Long">
delete t_user where id = #{id}
</delete>
</mapper>
4. 运行mybatis
将主要的配置配好以后,我们就来看看,怎么用我们的java程序来对mybatis进行操作。
首先回顾一下hibernate中操作数据库的流程:
1)读取配置
2)获取SessionFactory(重量级,只有一个)
3)获取session
4)开启事务
5)进行CRUD操作
6)提交事务
7)关闭session
在我们的mybatis中,也有类似的步骤:
1)获取SqlSessionFactory
2)获取SqlSession
3)进行CURD操作
4)提交事务
5)关闭SqlSession
首先我们来看怎么获取SqlSessionFactory
官方文档说获取SqlSessionFactory有两种方式,第一种为通过我们的核心配置XML,第二种为通过Configuration类;Reader reader = Resources.getResourceAsReader("ibatis-config.xml");
SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(reader);
通过Configuration方式(其实就是将XML配置转化为对应的对象):
DataSource dataSource = ...
TransactionFactory transactionFactory = new JdbcTransactionFactory();
Environment environment = new Environment("development", transactionFactory, dataSource);
Configuration configuration = new Configuration(environment);
configuration.addMapper(BlogMapper.class);
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(configuration);
获取SqlSession
SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession();
工具类添加
因为我们的系统里只以一个SqlSessionFactory对象为核心,所以可以通过一个工具类来获取SqlSessionFactory、SqlSession。方便程序操作。
package com.yu.util;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Reader;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
/**
* mybatis工具类
* @author yu
*
*/
public class SqlSessionFactoryUtil {
private static String XML_PATH = "mybatis-config.xml";
private static SqlSessionFactory factory;
static{
Reader r = null;
try {
r = Resources.getResourceAsReader(XML_PATH);
factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(r);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 获取应用中的SqlSessionFactory
* @return SqlSessionFactory
*/
public static SqlSessionFactory getSqlSessionFactory(){
return factory;
}
/**
* 获取应用中的SqlSession
* @return SqlSession
*/
public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
return factory.openSession();
}
/**
* 关闭SqlSession
* @param session
*/
public static void closeSqlSession(SqlSession session){
if(session != null){
session.close();
}
}
}
测试代码
package com.yu.test;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.yu.model.User;
import com.yu.util.SqlSessionFactoryUtil;
public class MyTest {
public SqlSession session;
@Before
public void getSqlSession(){
session = SqlSessionFactoryUtil.getSqlSession();
}
@After
public void closeSqlSession(){
SqlSessionFactoryUtil.closeSqlSession(session);
}
@Test
public void queryUser(){
List<User> users = session.selectList("UserMapper.queryUser");
for(User u : users){
System.out.println(u.getId()+" "+u.getName());
}
}
@Test
public void findUserById(){
Long id = 1L;
User user = session.selectOne("UserMapper.findUserById",id);
if(user!=null){
System.out.println(user.getId()+" "+user.getName());
}
}
@Test
public void findUserByName(){
String name = "an";
List<User> users = session.selectList("UserMapper.findUserByName",name);
for(User u : users){
System.out.println(u.getId()+" "+u.getName());
}
}
@Test
public void addUser(){
User user = new User();
user.setId(10L);
user.setName("王麻子");
session.insert("UserMapper.addUser", user);
session.commit();
}
@Test
public void updateUser(){
User user = new User();
user.setId(10L);
user.setName("王麻子111");
session.insert("UserMapper.updateUser", user);
session.commit();
}
@Test
public void deleteUser(){
Long id = 10L;
session.delete("UserMapper.deleteUser",id);
session.commit();
}
}