记录18--s3c2440移植uboot

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#交叉编译

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本文介绍如何将U-Boot移植到TX2440开发板上，包括配置Makefile、修改编译参数、增加时钟计算公式等步骤，并详细解释了针对S3C2440处理器的特别配置。

1.解压U-BOOT-1.1.6，进入U-BOOT目录，修改Makefile：

在

smdk2410_config :       unconfig
         @$(MKCONFIG) $(@:_config=) arm arm920t smdk2410 NULL s3c24x0

加上

TX2440_config :    unconfig
        @$(MKCONFIG) $(@:_config=) arm arm920t TX2440 NULL s3c24x0

2.在第128行：指定交叉编译器

ifeq ($(ARCH),arm)
CROSS_COMPILE = arm-linux-

3.在board目录下，新建自己的开发板目录TX2440，可以把smdk2410目录更名为TX2440，把文件smdk2410.c改为TX2440.c。修改该目录下的Makefile，把smdk2410.o改为TX2440.o。

COBJS  := TX2440.o flash.o<span style="color: red; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span>

4.然后将board目录下其它所有文件夹全部删除，只留TX2440

5.在include/configs目录下创建板子的配置头文件，把smdk2410.h改名为TX2440.h，再把所有的文件全部删除，只留TX2440.h

6.测试能否编译成功：

执行

make TX2440_config

如果出现 make: execvp: …………/mkconfig: 它代表使用权限不够

可用 chmod 764 mkconfig 命令加上文件的执行权限。

然后再make，成功后可会出现 “ Configuring for TX2440 board.....”

修改 SDRAM 配置：

7.在board/TX2440/lowlevel_init.S中，

把 #define B6_BWSCON (DW32) 位宽设为 ( DW32 ) 位

把 #define B4_BWSCON (DW16) 位宽设为 ( DW16 ) 位

根据HCLK设置SDRAM 的刷新参数，主要是REFCNT寄存器，开发板HCLK为100M

将 #define REFCNT 0x1113 改为 #define REFCNT 0x4f4

增加对S3C2440的支持： 2440的时钟计算公式、NAND操作和2410不太一样。

对于2440开发板，将FCLK设为400MHz，分频比为FCLK：HCLK：PCLK=1：4：8。

8.修改board/TX2440/TX2440.c中的board_init函数

/* S3C2440: Mpll,Upll = (2*m * Fin) / (p * 2^s)
 * m = M (the value for divider M)+ 8, p = P (the value for divider P) + 2
 */
#define S3C2440_MPLL_400MHZ     ((0x7f<<12)|(0x02<<4)|(0x01))
#define S3C2440_UPLL_48MHZ      ((0x38<<12)|(0x02<<4)|(0x02))
#define S3C2440_CLKDIV          0x05    /* FCLK:HCLK:PCLK = 1:4:8 */
 
/* S3C2410: Mpll,Upll = (m * Fin) / (p * 2^s)
 * m = M (the value for divider M)+ 8, p = P (the value for divider P) + 2
 */
#define S3C2410_MPLL_200MHZ     ((0x5c<<12)|(0x04<<4)|(0x00))
#define S3C2410_UPLL_48MHZ      ((0x28<<12)|(0x01<<4)|(0x02))
#define S3C2410_CLKDIV          0x03    /* FCLK:HCLK:PCLK = 1:2:4 */
 
int board_init (void)
{
    S3C24X0_CLOCK_POWER * const clk_power = S3C24X0_GetBase_CLOCK_POWER();
    S3C24X0_GPIO * const gpio = S3C24X0_GetBase_GPIO();
 
    /* set up the I/O ports */
    gpio->GPACON = 0x007FFFFF;
    gpio->GPBCON = 0x00044555;
    gpio->GPBUP = 0x000007FF;
    gpio->GPCCON = 0xAAAAAAAA;
    gpio->GPCUP = 0x0000FFFF;
    gpio->GPDCON = 0xAAAAAAAA;
    gpio->GPDUP = 0x0000FFFF;
    gpio->GPECON = 0xAAAAAAAA;
    gpio->GPEUP = 0x0000FFFF;
    gpio->GPFCON = 0x000055AA;
    gpio->GPFUP = 0x000000FF;
    gpio->GPGCON = 0xFF95FFBA;
    gpio->GPGUP = 0x0000FFFF;
    gpio->GPHCON = 0x002AFAAA;
    gpio->GPHUP = 0x000007FF;
   
    /*support both of S3C2410 and S3C2440*/
    if ((gpio->GSTATUS1 == 0x32410000) || (gpio->GSTATUS1 == 0x32410002))
    {
       /*FCLK:HCLK:PCLK = 1:2:4*/
       clk_power->CLKDIVN = S3C2410_CLKDIV;
      
       /* change to asynchronous bus mod */
        __asm__(    "mrc    p15, 0, r1, c1, c0, 0\n"    /* read ctrl register   */ 
                    "orr    r1, r1, #0xc0000000\n"      /* Asynchronous         */ 
                    "mcr    p15, 0, r1, c1, c0, 0\n"    /* write ctrl register  */ 
                    :::"r1"
                    );
                 
        /* to reduce PLL lock time, adjust the LOCKTIME register */
        clk_power->LOCKTIME = 0xFFFFFF;
 
        /* configure MPLL */
        clk_power->MPLLCON = S3C2410_MPLL_200MHZ;
 
        /* some delay between MPLL and UPLL */
        delay (4000);
 
        /* configure UPLL */
        clk_power->UPLLCON = S3C2410_UPLL_48MHZ;
 
        /* some delay between MPLL and UPLL */
        delay (8000);
        
        /* arch number of SMDK2410-Board */
        gd->bd->bi_arch_number = MACH_TYPE_SMDK2410;
    }
    else
    {
       /* FCLK:HCLK:PCLK = 1:4:8 */
        clk_power->CLKDIVN = S3C2440_CLKDIV;
 
        /* change to asynchronous bus mod */
        __asm__(    "mrc    p15, 0, r1, c1, c0, 0\n"    /* read ctrl register   */ 
                    "orr    r1, r1, #0xc0000000\n"      /* Asynchronous         */ 
                    "mcr    p15, 0, r1, c1, c0, 0\n"    /* write ctrl register  */ 
                    :::"r1"
                    );
 
        /* to reduce PLL lock time, adjust the LOCKTIME register */
        clk_power->LOCKTIME = 0xFFFFFF;
 
        /* configure MPLL */
        clk_power->MPLLCON = S3C2440_MPLL_400MHZ;
 
        /* some delay between MPLL and UPLL */
        delay (4000);
 
        /* configure UPLL */
        clk_power->UPLLCON = S3C2440_UPLL_48MHZ;
 
        /* some delay between MPLL and UPLL */
        delay (8000);
       
        /* arch number of SMDK2440-Board */
        gd->bd->bi_arch_number = MACH_TYPE_S3C2440;
    }
 
    /* adress of boot parameters */
    gd->bd->bi_boot_params = 0x30000100;
 
    icache_enable();
    dcache_enable();
 
    return 0;
}

9.在cpu/arm920t/s3c24X0/speed.c中修改：

在程序开头增加一行 “ DECLARE_GLOBAL_DATA_PTR; ”，这样才可以使用gd变量

修改get_PLLCLK函数：

static ulong get_PLLCLK(int pllreg)
{
    S3C24X0_CLOCK_POWER * const clk_power = S3C24X0_GetBase_CLOCK_POWER();
    ulong r, m, p, s;
 
    if (pllreg == MPLL)
    r = clk_power->MPLLCON;
    else if (pllreg == UPLL)
    r = clk_power->UPLLCON;
    else
    hang();
 
    m = ((r & 0xFF000) >> 12) + 8;
    p = ((r & 0x003F0) >> 4) + 2;
    s = r & 0x3;
 
    /* support both of S3C2410 and S3C2440 */
    if (gd->bd->bi_arch_number == MACH_TYPE_SMDK2410)
       return((CONFIG_SYS_CLK_FREQ * m) / (p << s));
    else
        return((CONFIG_SYS_CLK_FREQ * m * 2) / (p << s));   /* S3C2440 */
}

修改get_HCLK, get_PCLK:

/* for s3c2440 */
#define S3C2440_CLKDIVN_PDIVN        (1<<0)
#define S3C2440_CLKDIVN_HDIVN_MASK   (3<<1)
#define S3C2440_CLKDIVN_HDIVN_1      (0<<1)
#define S3C2440_CLKDIVN_HDIVN_2      (1<<1)
#define S3C2440_CLKDIVN_HDIVN_4_8    (2<<1)
#define S3C2440_CLKDIVN_HDIVN_3_6    (3<<1)
#define S3C2440_CLKDIVN_UCLK         (1<<3)
 
#define S3C2440_CAMDIVN_CAMCLK_MASK  (0xf<<0)
#define S3C2440_CAMDIVN_CAMCLK_SEL   (1<<4)
#define S3C2440_CAMDIVN_HCLK3_HALF   (1<<8)
#define S3C2440_CAMDIVN_HCLK4_HALF   (1<<9)
#define S3C2440_CAMDIVN_DVSEN        (1<<12)
 
/* return HCLK frequency */
ulong get_HCLK(void)
{
    S3C24X0_CLOCK_POWER * const clk_power = S3C24X0_GetBase_CLOCK_POWER();
    unsigned long clkdiv;
    unsigned long camdiv;
    int hdiv = 1;
 
    /* support both of S3C2410 and S3C2440 */
    if (gd->bd->bi_arch_number == MACH_TYPE_SMDK2410)
    return((clk_power->CLKDIVN & 0x2) ? get_FCLK()/2 : get_FCLK());
    else
    {
        clkdiv = clk_power->CLKDIVN;
        camdiv = clk_power->CAMDIVN;
 
        /* work out clock scalings */
 
        switch (clkdiv & S3C2440_CLKDIVN_HDIVN_MASK) {
        case S3C2440_CLKDIVN_HDIVN_1:
            hdiv = 1;
            break;
 
        case S3C2440_CLKDIVN_HDIVN_2:
            hdiv = 2;
            break;
 
        case S3C2440_CLKDIVN_HDIVN_4_8:
            hdiv = (camdiv & S3C2440_CAMDIVN_HCLK4_HALF) ? 8 : 4;
            break;
 
        case S3C2440_CLKDIVN_HDIVN_3_6:
            hdiv = (camdiv & S3C2440_CAMDIVN_HCLK3_HALF) ? 6 : 3;
            break;
        }
 
        return get_FCLK() / hdiv;
    }
}
 
/* return PCLK frequency */
ulong get_PCLK(void)
{
    S3C24X0_CLOCK_POWER * const clk_power = S3C24X0_GetBase_CLOCK_POWER();
    unsigned long clkdiv;
    unsigned long camdiv;
    int hdiv = 1;
 
    /* support both of S3C2410 and S3C2440 */
    if (gd->bd->bi_arch_number == MACH_TYPE_SMDK2410)
    return((clk_power->CLKDIVN & 0x1) ? get_HCLK()/2 : get_HCLK());
    else
    {  
        clkdiv = clk_power->CLKDIVN;
        camdiv = clk_power->CAMDIVN;
 
        /* work out clock scalings */
 
        switch (clkdiv & S3C2440_CLKDIVN_HDIVN_MASK) {
        case S3C2440_CLKDIVN_HDIVN_1:
            hdiv = 1;
            break;
 
        case S3C2440_CLKDIVN_HDIVN_2:
            hdiv = 2;
            break;
 
        case S3C2440_CLKDIVN_HDIVN_4_8:
            hdiv = (camdiv & S3C2440_CAMDIVN_HCLK4_HALF) ? 8 : 4;
            break;
 
        case S3C2440_CLKDIVN_HDIVN_3_6:
            hdiv = (camdiv & S3C2440_CAMDIVN_HCLK3_HALF) ? 6 : 3;
            break;
        }
 
        return get_FCLK() / hdiv / ((clkdiv & S3C2440_CLKDIVN_PDIVN)? 2:1);
    }       
}

重新执行

make TX2440_config

make all

生成u-boot.bin，由于还没有增加NAND Flash的支持，所以可烧入NOR Flash中运行

在make all时会出现错误：没有CAMDIVN

这个要在include/s3c24x0.h中定义，在129行S3C24X0_CLOCK_POWER结构体中增加：

S3C24X0_REG32    CAMDIVN;    /* for s3c2440*/

NAND Flash的支持的修改过程还是很麻烦的，所以的参考其他资料