mvn setting 配置

本文详细介绍了Maven配置文件settings.xml的各个部分,包括本地仓库设置、代理配置、服务器认证、镜像站点及活跃配置文件等内容。通过这些配置,可以更好地管理项目的依赖关系。

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 <distributionManagement>
    <repository>
      <id>gridsum-releases</id>
      <name>Gridsum Release Repository</name>
      <url>http://maven.gridsum.com:8081/nexus/content/repositories/gridsum-releases/</url>
    </repository>
    <snapshotRepository>
      <id>gridsum-snapshots</id>
      <name>Gridsum Snapshot Repository</name>
      <url>http://maven.gridsum.com:8081/nexus/content/repositories/gridsum-snapshots</url>
    </snapshotRepository>
  </distributionManagement>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!-- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. -->

<!-- | This is the configuration file for Maven. It can be specified at two levels: | | 1. User Level. This settings.xml file provides configuration for a single user, | and is normally provided in ${user.home}/.m2/settings.xml. | | NOTE: This location can be overridden with the CLI option: | | -s /path/to/user/settings.xml | | 2. Global Level. This settings.xml file provides configuration for all Maven | users on a machine (assuming they're all using the same Maven | installation). It's normally provided in | ${maven.home}/conf/settings.xml. | | NOTE: This location can be overridden with the CLI option: | | -gs /path/to/global/settings.xml | | The sections in this sample file are intended to give you a running start at | getting the most out of your Maven installation. Where appropriate, the default | values (values used when the setting is not specified) are provided. | |-->
-<settings xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"> 
<!-- localRepository | The path to the local repository maven will use to store artifacts. | | Default: ${user.home}/.m2/repository <localRepository>X:\Miscellaneous\MavenRepository</localRepository> -->
 <localRepository>X:\Miscellaneous\MavenRepository</localRepository> 
<!-- interactiveMode | This will determine whether maven prompts you when it needs input. If set to false, | maven will use a sensible default value, perhaps based on some other setting, for | the parameter in question. | | Default: true <interactiveMode>true</interactiveMode> -->
 
<!-- offline | Determines whether maven should attempt to connect to the network when executing a build. | This will have an effect on artifact downloads, artifact deployment, and others. | | Default: false <offline>false</offline> -->
 
<!-- pluginGroups | This is a list of additional group identifiers that will be searched when resolving plugins by their prefix, i.e. | when invoking a command line like "mvn prefix:goal". Maven will automatically add the group identifiers | "org.apache.maven.plugins" and "org.codehaus.mojo" if these are not already contained in the list. |-->
 -<pluginGroups> 
<!-- pluginGroup | Specifies a further group identifier to use for plugin lookup. <pluginGroup>com.your.plugins</pluginGroup> -->
 </pluginGroups> 
<!-- proxies | This is a list of proxies which can be used on this machine to connect to the network. | Unless otherwise specified (by system property or command-line switch), the first proxy | specification in this list marked as active will be used. |-->
 -<proxies> 
<!-- proxy | Specification for one proxy, to be used in connecting to the network. | <proxy> <id>optional</id> <active>true</active> <protocol>http</protocol> <username>proxyuser</username> <password>proxypass</password> <host>proxy.host.net</host> <port>80</port> <nonProxyHosts>local.net|some.host.com</nonProxyHosts> </proxy> -->
 </proxies> 
<!-- servers | This is a list of authentication profiles, keyed by the server-id used within the system. | Authentication profiles can be used whenever maven must make a connection to a remote server. |-->
 -<servers> 
<!-- server | Specifies the authentication information to use when connecting to a particular server, identified by | a unique name within the system (referred to by the 'id' attribute below). | | NOTE: You should either specify username/password OR privateKey/passphrase, since these pairings are | used together. | <server> <id>deploymentRepo</id> <username>repouser</username> <password>repopwd</password> </server> -->
 
<!-- Another sample, using keys to authenticate. <server> <id>siteServer</id> <privateKey>/path/to/private/key</privateKey> <passphrase>optional; leave empty if not used.</passphrase> </server> -->
 -<server> <id>gridsum-releases</id> <username>developer</username> <password>developer</password> </server> -<server> <id>gridsum-snapshots</id> <username>developer</username> <password>developer</password> </server> </servers> 
<!-- mirrors | This is a list of mirrors to be used in downloading artifacts from remote repositories. | | It works like this: a POM may declare a repository to use in resolving certain artifacts. | However, this repository may have problems with heavy traffic at times, so people have mirrored | it to several places. | | That repository definition will have a unique id, so we can create a mirror reference for that | repository, to be used as an alternate download site. The mirror site will be the preferred | server for that repository. |-->
 -<mirrors> 
<!-- mirror | Specifies a repository mirror site to use instead of a given repository. The repository that | this mirror serves has an ID that matches the mirrorOf element of this mirror. IDs are used | for inheritance and direct lookup purposes, and must be unique across the set of mirrors. | <mirror> <id>mirrorId</id> <mirrorOf>repositoryId</mirrorOf> <name>Human Readable Name for this Mirror.</name> <url>http://my.repository.com/repo/path</url> </mirror> -->
 </mirrors> 
<!-- profiles | This is a list of profiles which can be activated in a variety of ways, and which can modify | the build process. Profiles provided in the settings.xml are intended to provide local machine- | specific paths and repository locations which allow the build to work in the local environment. | | For example, if you have an integration testing plugin - like cactus - that needs to know where | your Tomcat instance is installed, you can provide a variable here such that the variable is | dereferenced during the build process to configure the cactus plugin. | | As noted above, profiles can be activated in a variety of ways. One way - the activeProfiles | section of this document (settings.xml) - will be discussed later. Another way essentially | relies on the detection of a system property, either matching a particular value for the property, | or merely testing its existence. Profiles can also be activated by JDK version prefix, where a | value of '1.4' might activate a profile when the build is executed on a JDK version of '1.4.2_07'. | Finally, the list of active profiles can be specified directly from the command line. | | NOTE: For profiles defined in the settings.xml, you are restricted to specifying only artifact | repositories, plugin repositories, and free-form properties to be used as configuration | variables for plugins in the POM. | |-->
 -<profiles> -<profile> <id>gridsum-nexus</id> -<repositories> -<repository> <id>gridsum-nexus-public</id> <url>http://maven.gridsum.com:8081/nexus/content/groups/public/</url> -<releases> <enabled>true</enabled> </releases> -<snapshots> <enabled>true</enabled> </snapshots> </repository> </repositories> </profile> 
<!-- profile | Specifies a set of introductions to the build process, to be activated using one or more of the | mechanisms described above. For inheritance purposes, and to activate profiles via <activatedProfiles/> | or the command line, profiles have to have an ID that is unique. | | An encouraged best practice for profile identification is to use a consistent naming convention | for profiles, such as 'env-dev', 'env-test', 'env-production', 'user-jdcasey', 'user-brett', etc. | This will make it more intuitive to understand what the set of introduced profiles is attempting | to accomplish, particularly when you only have a list of profile id's for debug. | | This profile example uses the JDK version to trigger activation, and provides a JDK-specific repo. <profile> <id>jdk-1.4</id> <activation> <jdk>1.4</jdk> </activation> <repositories> <repository> <id>jdk14</id> <name>Repository for JDK 1.4 builds</name> <url>http://www.myhost.com/maven/jdk14</url> <layout>default</layout> <snapshotPolicy>always</snapshotPolicy> </repository> </repositories> </profile> -->
 
<!-- | Here is another profile, activated by the system property 'target-env' with a value of 'dev', | which provides a specific path to the Tomcat instance. To use this, your plugin configuration | might hypothetically look like: | | ... | <plugin> | <groupId>org.myco.myplugins</groupId> | <artifactId>myplugin</artifactId> | | <configuration> | <tomcatLocation>${tomcatPath}</tomcatLocation> | </configuration> | </plugin> | ... | | NOTE: If you just wanted to inject this configuration whenever someone set 'target-env' to | anything, you could just leave off the <value/> inside the activation-property. | <profile> <id>env-dev</id> <activation> <property> <name>target-env</name> <value>dev</value> </property> </activation> <properties> <tomcatPath>/path/to/tomcat/instance</tomcatPath> </properties> </profile> -->
 </profiles> 
<!-- activeProfiles | List of profiles that are active for all builds. | -->
 -<activeProfiles> <activeProfile>gridsum-nexus</activeProfile> </activeProfiles> </settings>




### 配置公共 Maven `settings.xml` 文件 Maven 的 `settings.xml` 是用于定义全局或用户特定配置的文件。它允许开发者自定义构建环境的行为,例如镜像仓库、认证信息以及代理设置等。 #### 1. 设置共享的 `settings.xml` 为了实现多个开发人员之间的共享配置,可以将统一的 `settings.xml` 放置于项目的根目录下或者通过版本控制系统管理。以下是典型的共享 `settings.xml` 示例: ```xml <settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd"> <!-- 定义服务器认证 --> <servers> <server> <id>central</id> <username>your-username</username> <password>your-password</password> </server> </servers> <!-- 自定义远程仓库 --> <profiles> <profile> <id>jdk14-profile</id> <repositories> <repository> <id>jdk14-repo</id> <name>Repository for JDK 1.4 builds</name> <url>http://www.myhost.com/maven/jdk14</url> <layout>default</layout> <snapshots> <enabled>true</enabled> <updatePolicy>always</updatePolicy> </snapshots> </repository> </repositories> </profile> </profiles> <!-- 默认激活的 profile --> <activeProfiles> <activeProfile>jdk14-profile</activeProfile> </activeProfiles> </settings> ``` 上述示例展示了如何配置一个名为 `jdk14-repo` 的远程仓库,并将其绑定到指定的 Profile 中[^1]。此外还设置了默认激活该 Profile,以便无需手动干预即可应用此配置。 #### 2. 使用中央存储库托管共享配置 如果团队希望进一步简化流程,则可以通过集中化的方式分发 `settings.xml` 文件。具体方法如下: - 将标准化后的 `settings.xml` 存储于 GitLab/GitHub 等代码托管平台; - 开发者克隆项目后自动加载对应的配置; 这种方式不仅便于维护,还能确保每位成员都使用一致的基础设定。 #### 3. 注意事项 当涉及敏感数据(如用户名密码)时,建议采用加密机制保护隐私安全。可通过运行命令 `mvn --encrypt-master-password your-secret-key` 和 `mvn --encrypt-password your-real-password` 来生成密钥并替换明文凭证。
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