springcloud之路由网关（Zuul）

最新推荐文章于 2025-02-15 03:06:33 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2025-02-15 03:06:33 发布 · 251 阅读

0 ·

CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

文章标签：

#zuul #springcloud #路由网关

本文介绍Zuul作为路由转发和过滤器的主要功能，包括如何与Ribbon结合实现负载均衡，以及在微服务架构中如何配置和使用Zuul进行服务路由。通过具体的pom.xml和application.yml配置文件，展示了Zuul在实际项目中的应用。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

1.简介
Zuul主要功能是路由转发和过滤器。路由功能如，/api/user转发到到user服务，/api/shop转发到到shop服务。它默认和Ribbon结合实现了负载均衡的功能。

主要功能
Authentication
Insights
Stress Testing
Canary Testing
Dynamic Routing
Service Migration
Load Shedding
Security
Static Response handling
Active/Active traffic management

2.pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.boomsecret</groupId>
    <artifactId>service-zuul-9400</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>service-zuul-9400</name>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- actuator监控信息完善 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <finalName>service-zuul</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
            <!-- 定义$, 用于获取提供者信息 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.0.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <delimiters>
                        <delimiter>$</delimiter>
                    </delimiters>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

3.application.yml

server:
  port: 9400

spring:
  application:
    name: service-zuul

info:
  app.name: service-zuul
  company.name: www.boomsecret.com
  build.artifactId: $project.artifactId$
  build.version: $project.version$

eureka:
  instance:
    # 每间隔1s，向服务端发送一次心跳，证明自己依然"存活"
    lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 1
    # 告诉服务端，如果20s之内没有发心跳，就代表我"挂了"，将我踢出掉
    lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 20
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://eureka.com:9100/eureka/

zuul:
  routes:
    api-a:
      path: /api-a/**
      serviceId: consumer-feign
    api-b:
      path: /api-b/**
      serviceId: consumer-ribbon

/api-a/** 会被转发给consumer-feign，/api-b/** 会被转发给consumer-ribbon

4.ServiceZuul9400Application.java

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableZuulProxy
public class ServiceZuul9400Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ServiceZuul9400Application.class, args);
    }
}