python获取cpu，内存，网络，进程状态

psutil获取系统cpu使用率的方法是cpu_percent(interval=None, percpu=False),其有两个参数，分别是interval和percpu,interval指定的是计算cpu使用率的时间间隔，percpu则指定是选择总的使用率还是每个cpu的使用率

自己测试

import psutil

#cpu使用率
cpu=(str)(psutil.cpu_percent(1))+'%'
p1=psutil.Process(4420)  # 进程4420占用的CPU
for x in range(3):
    psutil.cpu_percent(interval=1, percpu=True)
#结果为（4核，每隔1秒输出一次）：
#[4.0, 6.9, 3.7, 9.2]
#[7.0, 8.5, 2.4, 2.1]
#[1.2, 9.0, 9.9, 7.2]

#剩余内存.free  总共.total 
memory=str(psutil.virtual_memory().free/(1024.0*1024.0))+'M'

#剩余磁盘 "/"是当前磁盘，可换成其他路径
#>>>psutil.disk_usage() 有四个值
#>>>sdiskusage(total=278206668800L, used=140436959232L, free=137769709568L, percent=50.5)

disk=str(psutil.disk_usage("/")[2]/(1024.0 * 1024 * 1024))

 官方实例

- - - - - - - - - - CPU-> Examples
>>> import psutil
>>> psutil.cpu_times()
scputimes(user=3961.46, nice=169.729, system=2150.659, idle=16900.540, iowait=629.59, irq=0.0, softirq=19.42, steal=0.0, guest=0, nice=0.0)
>>>
>>> for x in range(3):
...     psutil.cpu_percent(interval=1)
...
4.0
5.9
3.8
>>>
>>> for x in range(3):
...     psutil.cpu_percent(interval=1, percpu=True)
...
[4.0, 6.9, 3.7, 9.2]
[7.0, 8.5, 2.4, 2.1]
[1.2, 9.0, 9.9, 7.2]
>>>
>>>
>>> for x in range(3):
...     psutil.cpu_times_percent(interval=1, percpu=False)
...
scputimes(user=1.5, nice=0.0, system=0.5, idle=96.5, iowait=1.5, irq=0.0, softirq=0.0, steal=0.0, guest=0.0, guest_nice=0.0)
scputimes(user=1.0, nice=0.0, system=0.0, idle=99.0, iowait=0.0, irq=0.0, softirq=0.0, steal=0.0, guest=0.0, guest_nice=0.0)
scputimes(user=2.0, nice=0.0, system=0.0, idle=98.0, iowait=0.0, irq=0.0, softirq=0.0, steal=0.0, guest=0.0, guest_nice=0.0)
>>>
>>> psutil.cpu_count()
4
>>> psutil.cpu_count(logical=False)
2
>>>

---------------------------Memory-> Examples:
>>> psutil.virtual_memory()
svmem(total=8374149120L, available=2081050624L, percent=75.1, used=8074080256L, free=300068864L, active=3294920704, inactive=1361616896, buffers=529895424L, cached=1251086336)
>>> psutil.swap_memory()
sswap(total=2097147904L, used=296128512L, free=1801019392L, percent=14.1, sin=304193536, sout=677842944)
>>>
>
----------------------Disks-> Examples:
>>> psutil.disk_partitions()
[sdiskpart(device='/dev/sda1', mountpoint='/', fstype='ext4', opts='rw,nosuid'),
 sdiskpart(device='/dev/sda2', mountpoint='/home', fstype='ext', opts='rw')]
>>>
>>> psutil.disk_usage('/')
sdiskusage(total=21378641920, used=4809781248, free=15482871808, percent=22.5)
>>>
>>> psutil.disk_io_counters(perdisk=False)
sdiskio(read_count=719566, write_count=1082197, read_bytes=18626220032, write_bytes=24081764352, read_time=5023392, write_time=63199568)
>>>
>
--------------------------Networks-> Examples:
>>> psutil.net_io_counters(pernic=True)
{'eth0': netio(bytes_sent=485291293, bytes_recv=6004858642, packets_sent=3251564, packets_recv=4787798, errin=0, errout=0, dropin=0, dropout=0),
 'lo': netio(bytes_sent=2838627, bytes_recv=2838627, packets_sent=30567, packets_recv=30567, errin=0, errout=0, dropin=0, dropout=0)}
>>>
>>> psutil.net_connections()
[pconn(fd=115, family=2, type=1, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 48776), raddr=('93.186.135.91', 80), status='ESTABLISHED', pid=1254),
 pconn(fd=117, family=2, type=1, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 43761), raddr=('72.14.234.100', 80), status='CLOSING', pid=2987),
 pconn(fd=-1, family=2, type=1, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 60759), raddr=('72.14.234.104', 80), status='ESTABLISHED', pid=None),
 pconn(fd=-1, family=2, type=1, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 51314), raddr=('72.14.234.83', 443), status='SYN_SENT', pid=None)
 ...]

------------------Other system info-> Examples:
>>> psutil.users()
[user(name='giampaolo', terminal='pts/2', host='localhost', started=1340737536.0),
 user(name='giampaolo', terminal='pts/3', host='localhost', started=1340737792.0)]
>>>
>>> psutil.boot_time()
1365519115.0
>>>
Process Management-> Examples:
>>> import psutil
>>> psutil.pids()
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 46, 48, 50, 51, 178, 182, 222, 223, 224,
 268, 1215, 1216, 1220, 1221, 1243, 1244, 1301, 1601, 2237, 2355,
 2637, 2774, 3932, 4176, 4177, 4185, 4187, 4189, 4225, 4243, 4245,
 4263, 4282, 4306, 4311, 4312, 4313, 4314, 4337, 4339, 4357, 4358,
 4363, 4383, 4395, 4408, 4433, 4443, 4445, 4446, 5167, 5234, 5235,
 5252, 5318, 5424, 5644, 6987, 7054, 7055, 7071]
>>>
>>> p = psutil.Process(7055)
>>> p.name()
'python'
>>> p.exe()
'/usr/bin/python'
>>> p.cwd()
'/home/giampaolo'
>>> p.cmdline()
['/usr/bin/python', 'main.py']
>>>
>>> p.status()
'running'
>>> p.username()
'giampaolo'
>>> p.create_time()
1267551141.5019531
>>> p.terminal()
'/dev/pts/0'
>>>
>>> p.uids()
puids(real=1000, effective=1000, saved=1000)
>>> p.gids()
pgids(real=1000, effective=1000, saved=1000)
>>>
>>> p.cpu_times()
pcputimes(user=1.02, system=0.31)
>>> p.cpu_percent(interval=1.0)
12.1
>>> p.cpu_affinity()
[0, 1, 2, 3]
>>> p.cpu_affinity([0])  # set
>>>
>>> p.memory_percent()
0.63423
>>>
>>> p.memory_info()
pmem(rss=7471104, vms=68513792)
>>> p.ext_memory_info()
extmem(rss=9662464, vms=49192960, shared=3612672, text=2564096, lib=0, data=5754880, dirty=0)
>>> p.memory_maps()
[pmmap_grouped(path='/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libutil-2.15.so', rss=16384, anonymous=8192, swap=0),
 pmmap_grouped(path='/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.15.so', rss=6384, anonymous=15, swap=0),
 pmmap_grouped(path='/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcrypto.so.1.0.0', rss=34124, anonymous=1245, swap=0),
 pmmap_grouped(path='[heap]', rss=54653, anonymous=8192, swap=0),
 pmmap_grouped(path='[stack]', rss=1542, anonymous=166, swap=0),
 ...]
>>>
>>> p.io_counters()
pio(read_count=478001, write_count=59371, read_bytes=700416, write_bytes=69632)
>>>
>>> p.open_files()
[popenfile(path='/home/giampaolo/svn/psutil/somefile', fd=3)]
>>>
>>> p.connections()
[pconn(fd=115, family=2, type=1, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 48776), raddr=('93.186.135.91', 80), status='ESTABLISHED'),
 pconn(fd=117, family=2, type=1, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 43761), raddr=('72.14.234.100', 80), status='CLOSING'),
 pconn(fd=119, family=2, type=1, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 60759), raddr=('72.14.234.104', 80), status='ESTABLISHED'),
 pconn(fd=123, family=2, type=1, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 51314), raddr=('72.14.234.83', 443), status='SYN_SENT')]
>>>
>>> p.num_threads()
4
>>> p.num_fds()
8
>>> p.threads()
[pthread(id=5234, user_time=22.5, system_time=9.2891),
 pthread(id=5235, user_time=0.0, system_time=0.0),
 pthread(id=5236, user_time=0.0, system_time=0.0),
 pthread(id=5237, user_time=0.0707, system_time=1.1)]
>>>
>>> p.num_ctx_switches()
pctxsw(voluntary=78, involuntary=19)
>>>
>>> p.nice()
0
>>> p.nice(10)  # set
>>>
>>> p.ionice(psutil.IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE)  # IO priority (Win and Linux only)
>>> p.ionice()
pionice(ioclass=3, value=0)
>>>
>>> p.rlimit(psutil.RLIMIT_NOFILE, (5, 5))  # set resource limits (Linux only)
>>> p.rlimit(psutil.RLIMIT_NOFILE)
(5, 5)
>>>
>>> p.suspend()
>>> p.resume()
>>>
>>> p.terminate()
>>> p.wait(timeout=3)
0
>>>
>>> psutil.test()
USER         PID %CPU %MEM     VSZ     RSS TTY        START    TIME  COMMAND
root           1  0.0  0.0   24584    2240            Jun17   00:00  init
root           2  0.0  0.0       0       0            Jun17   00:00  kthreadd
root           3  0.0  0.0       0       0            Jun17   00:05  ksoftirqd/0
...
giampaolo  31475  0.0  0.0   20760    3024 /dev/pts/0 Jun19   00:00  python2.4
giampaolo  31721  0.0  2.2  773060  181896            00:04   10:30  chrome
root       31763  0.0  0.0       0       0            00:05   00:00  kworker/0:1
>>>

 实际使用

# Copyright (c) 2014, Lambo Wang, All rights reserved.
# Use of this source code is governed by a GNU v2 license that can be
# found in the LICENSE file.
#
# Logs:
# Transplant to system by Lambo Wang, 2012-11-28
# Add function of get cpu state and get memory state by Lambo Wang,2012-11-29
# first add to Git of OSChina,2014-10-24 by Lambo Wang
# support for psutil(v3.2.2),2015-11-12 by Lambo Wang
"""
Shows real-time system statistics.
Author: Lambo Wang <lambo.wang@icloud.com>
"""

import sys
import os

import atexit
import time
import psutil

# print "Welcome,current system is",os.name," 3 seconds late start to get data..."
time.sleep(3)

line_num = 1


# function of Get CPU State;
def getCPUstate(interval=1):
    return (" CPU: " + str(psutil.cpu_percent(interval)) + "%")


# function of Get Memory
def getMemorystate():
    phymem = psutil.virtual_memory()
    line = "Memory: %5s%% %6s/%s" % (
        phymem.percent,
        str(int(phymem.used / 1024 / 1024)) + "M",
        str(int(phymem.total / 1024 / 1024)) + "M"
    )
    return line


def bytes2human(n):
    """
    >>> bytes2human(10000)
    '9.8 K'
    >>> bytes2human(100001221)
    '95.4 M'
    """
    symbols = ('K', 'M', 'G', 'T', 'P', 'E', 'Z', 'Y')
    prefix = {}
    for i, s in enumerate(symbols):
        prefix[s] = 1 << (i + 1) * 10
    for s in reversed(symbols):
        if n >= prefix[s]:
            value = float(n) / prefix[s]
            return '%.2f %s' % (value, s)
    return '%.2f B' % (n)


def poll(interval):
    """Retrieve raw stats within an interval window."""
    tot_before = psutil.net_io_counters()
    pnic_before = psutil.net_io_counters(pernic=True)
    # sleep some time
    time.sleep(interval)
    tot_after = psutil.net_io_counters()
    pnic_after = psutil.net_io_counters(pernic=True)
    # get cpu state
    cpu_state = getCPUstate(interval)
    # get memory
    memory_state = getMemorystate()
    return (tot_before, tot_after, pnic_before, pnic_after, cpu_state, memory_state)


def refresh_window(tot_before, tot_after, pnic_before, pnic_after, cpu_state, memory_state):
    if os.name == 'nt':
        os.system("cls")
    else:
        os.system("clear")
    """Print stats on screen."""

    # print current time #cpu state #memory
    print(time.asctime() + " | " + cpu_state + " | " + memory_state)

    # totals
    print(" NetStates:")
    print("total bytes:                     sent: %-10s     received: %s" % (bytes2human(tot_after.bytes_sent),
                                                                             bytes2human(tot_after.bytes_recv))
          )
    print("total packets:                 sent: %-10s     received: %s" % (tot_after.packets_sent,
                                                                           tot_after.packets_recv)
          )
    # per-network interface details: let's sort network interfaces so
    # that the ones which generated more traffic are shown first
    print("")
    nic_names = pnic_after.keys()
    # nic_names.sort(key=lambda x: sum(pnic_after[x]), reverse=True)
    for name in nic_names:
        stats_before = pnic_before[name]
        stats_after = pnic_after[name]
        templ = "%-15s %15s %15s"
        print(templ % (name, "TOTAL", "PER-SEC"))
        print(templ % (
            "bytes-sent",
            bytes2human(stats_after.bytes_sent),
            bytes2human(stats_after.bytes_sent - stats_before.bytes_sent) + '/s',
        ))
        print(templ % (
            "bytes-recv",
            bytes2human(stats_after.bytes_recv),
            bytes2human(stats_after.bytes_recv - stats_before.bytes_recv) + '/s',
        ))
        print(templ % (
            "pkts-sent",
            stats_after.packets_sent,
            stats_after.packets_sent - stats_before.packets_sent,
        ))
        print(templ % (
            "pkts-recv",
            stats_after.packets_recv,
            stats_after.packets_recv - stats_before.packets_recv,
        ))
        print("")


try:
    interval = 0
    while 1:
        args = poll(interval)
        refresh_window(*args)
        interval = 1
except (KeyboardInterrupt, SystemExit):
    pass